Science Question

Reactions of Photosynthesis (1) Photochemical reactions, only (2) Carbon-fixation reactions, only (3) Both the photochemical and the carbon-fixation reactions (4) Neither the photochemical nor the carbon-fixation reactions. Carbon dioxide from the air combines with hydrogen atoms. This occurs during A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

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Reactions of Photosynthesis (1) Photochemical reactions, only (2) Carbon-fixation reactions, only (3) Both the photochemical and the carbon-fixation reactions (4) Neither the photochemical nor the carbon-fixation reactions. Which of the following reactions takes place in the chloroplast. A) 1 B) 2 C) 3 D) 4

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The overall process of photosynthesis can be written as a chemical equation. _________ + __________ ------> ________ + ________

6H2O + 6CO2 -----> 6O2 + C6H12O6

Put the letter of the appropriate statement in order to show the relationship between ATP and ADP. a. High-energy adenosine triphosphate (ATP) b. Lower-energy adenosine diphosphate (ADP) c. Energy added from breakdown of carbon-based molecules, phosphate added d. Phosphate removed, energy released

A, D, B, C

Reduction of CO2 to the level of carbohydrates relies of energy from a. ATP only b. NADP+ only c. ATP and NADP+ d. NADPH only e. ATP and NADPH

ATP and NADPH

The two molecules that carry energy to the light-independent reactions are _______ and _______.

ATP, NADPH

Using the diagram on the next page, put the letter from each of the following statements into the appropriate box to show the four steps of the Calvin cycle. a. A three-carbon molecule exits the cycle. Other three-carbon molecules stay in the cycle. b. Carbon dioxide is added to the Calvin cycle. c. Energy is used to convert the remaining three-carbon molecules into five-carbon molecules. d. Energy is used to split six-carbon molecules. Three-carbon molecules are formed and rearranged. e. When two three-carbon molecules have left the cycle they bond to form a six-carbon sugar (glucose).

B, D, E exits, A, C

Why is the photosynthesis equation often written with several arrows? a. Because many enzymes are added to the reactants to make the products. b. Because many chemical reactions occur with the help of many enzymes. c. Because many reactants can enter into the photosynthesis reaction. d. Because many products can be made from the photosynthesis reaction.

Because many chemical reactions occur with the help of many enzymes

Chemical Reactions (A) H2O ------> 2H + O (B) ADP + P -------> ATP (C) CO2 + ATP + H ---------> PGAL + ADP + P (D) PGAL ---------> glucose Carbon fixation is represented by step A) A B) B C) C D) D

C

Water + _____A_____ --B---> _____C_____ + _____D______

CO2 ---enzymes---> glucose+oxygen

Which progression represents a path that a carbon atom could follow? a. starch in plant→glucose in cow →CO2 in atmosphere→glucose in rabbit→protein in rabbit→CO2 in atmosphere b. CO2 in atmosphere→glucose in cow→CO2 in atmosphere→glucose in a plant→protein in a cow c. glucose in cow→CO2 in atmosphere→glucose in a plant→CO2 in atmosphere→protein in a cow d. CO2 in atmosphere → glucose in plant → starch in plant → glucose in cow → protein in cow e. starch in a plant →CO2 in atmosphere→protein in a rabbit→glucose in a rabbit→CO2 in atmosphere

CO2 in atmosphere → glucose in plant → starch in plant → glucose in cow → protein in cow

Use the space below to sketch a chloroplast. Label the grana, thylakoids, and stroma. Indicate where each of the following steps of the photosynthetic process occurs. a. Energy carried along the thylakoid membrane is transferred to molecules that carry energy to the light-independent reactions. b. Carbon dioxide is added to a cycle of chemical reactions to build larger molecules. c. A six-carbon simple sugar (usually glucose; C6H12O6) is formed. d. Energy from sunlight is absorbed and transferred along the thylakoid membrane. Water molecules are broken down and oxygen is released.

D and A in thylakoids, B and C in stroma

Using the diagram on the next page, put each letter from the statements below into a box to show the seven steps of the light-dependent reactions. a. ATP synthase produces ATP. b. Chlorophyll (in the thylakoid membrane) absorbs energy from sunlight, and energized electrons enter the electron transport chain. c. Energized electrons leave the electron transport chain and are used to produce NADPH. d. Energy from electrons in the transport chain is used to pump hydrogen ions across the thylakoid membrane. e. Hydrogen ions flow through a channel coupled to ATP synthase. f. More energy is absorbed and transferred to electrons. g. Water molecules are broken down. Oxygen is released as waste and electrons enter chlorophyll.

G, B, D, E, A, F, C

The basic inorganic materials used during photosynthesis are A) H2O AND C6H12O6 B) O2 and CO2 C) H2O and CO2 D) C6H12O6 and CO2

H2O and CO2

Certain organisms are able to store energy from the Sun in energy-rich compounds. Which event best illustrates this activity? 1. A fox captures and eats a young rabbits 2. A caterpillar is eaten by a blackbird. 3. Lettuce produces organic substances. 4. Bacteria change organic material into simple nutrients

Lettuce produces organic substances

Which activity occurs in the process of photosynthesis? A) Chemical energy from organic molecules is converted into light energy. B) Organic molecules are obtained from the environment. C) Organic molecules are converted into inorganic food molecules. D) Light energy is converted into the chemical energy of organic molecules.

Light energy is converted into the chemical energy of organic molecules

Some sea slugs store chloroplasts obtained from algae they have ingested. The chloroplasts continue to carry out photosynthesis within the slugs. What advantage would this activity be to these sea slugs? 1. The slugs with chloroplasts can synthesize some of their own food. 2. The slugs with chloroplasts no longer need to carry out respiration. 3. The chloroplasts provide the slugs with camouflage that protects them from UV radiation. 4. The chloroplasts contain enzymes that allow the slugs to digest starch.

The slugs with chloroplasts can synthesize some of their own food.

The function of the light-dependent reactions is to __________ and __________ energy.

absorbs, transfers

What role does water play in photosynthesis? a. it acts as a source of oxygen atom found in the product O2 b. it acts as an electron donor c. it serves as a reactant d. it serves as a solvent e. all of the above

all of the above

Much of the carbon dioxide produced by green plants is not excreted as a metabolic waste because it A) can be used for photosynthesis B) is too large to pass through cell membranes C) is needed for cellular respiration D) can be used for the creation of proteins

can be used for photosynthesis

Which class of compounds is a direct product of photosynthesis? a. lipids b. carbohydrates c. proteins d. fatty acids e. sterols

carbohydrates

Some organisms are called producers because they produce the source of chemical energy / light energy for themselves and for other organisms.

chemical energy

During the process of photosynthesis, energy from the Sun is converted into 1. chemical energy in the bonds of inorganic molecules 2. chemical energy in the bonds of organic molecules 3. enzymes used to produce inorganic molecules 4. enzymes used to produce organic molecules

chemical energy in the bonds of organic molecules

In which cell organelle does photosyntesis occur? A) mitochondrion B) chloroplast C) endoplasmic reticulum D) Golgi complex

chloroplast

The diagram below represents a cell of a green plant. Solar energy is used to produce energy-rich compounds in structure 1. nucleus 2. mitochondria 3. cell wall 4. chloroplast

chloroplast

Plant cells can synthesize energy-rich organic molecules, and later break them down to extract that energy for performing life processes. These activities require direct interaction between the 1. chloroplasts and vacuoles 2. cell walls and ribosomes 3. chloroplasts and mitochondria 4. ribosomes and mitochondria

chloroplasts and mitochondria

The light-independent reactions require light / do not require light, and they build sugars / energy.

do not require light, build sugars

Which is the correct sequence of phases in the Calvin cycle a. reduction and sugar production, fixation of CO2, ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration b. fixation of CO2, reduction and sugar production, ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration c. ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration, fixation of CO2, reduction and sugar production, d. reduction and sugar production, ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration, fixation of CO2 e. fixation of CO2, ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration, reduction and sugar production,

fixation of CO2, reduction and sugar production, ribulose 1,5-biphosphate regeneration

What does the process of photosynthesis produce? A) starch, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis B) protein, which is metabolized into less complex molecules by dehydration synthesis C) glycerol, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis D) glucose, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis

glucose, which is metabolized into more complex carbohydrates by dehydration synthesis

ATP is a high-energy / low-energy molecule that is converted into higher-energy / lower-energy ADP when a phosphate group is removed and energy is released.

high-energy, lower-energy

The Calvin cycle uses energy from the light-dependent reactions to convert _________________ into sugars.

inorganic molecules/CO2

In photosynthesis, chlorophyll functions in changing A) glucose molecules to starch B) water and carbon dioxide to sugar C) light energy to chemical bond energy D) hydrogen bonds to water

light energy to chemical bond energy

Photosynthesis captures chemical energy / light energy to make sugars that store chemical energy / light energy.

light energy, chemical energy

Which type of energy transformation occurs in photosynthesis? A) mechanical to electrical B) chemical to mechanical C) light to chemical D) heat to electrical

light to chemical

All cells use adenosine triphosphate (ATP) for energy. ATP is a molecule / organelle that transfers energy from the breakdown of ADP / food molecules to cell processes.

molecule, food molecules

Photosystems are groups of _______________ that capture and transfer energy.

molecules

The two products in the photosynthesis equation are _________ and _________.

oxygen, glucose

ADP is converted back into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group / food molecule.

phosphate group

Chloroplasts are membrane-bound organelles where _________ takes place in plants.

photosynthesis

Which process uses energy to combine inorganic molecules to synthesize organic molecules? 1. respiration 2. digestion 3. photosynthesis 4. decomposition

photosynthesis

The arrows in the diagram below represent the movement of materials. This movement of materials indicated by the arrows is most directly involved in the processes of 1. respiration and replication 2. photosynthesis and excretion 3. digestion and recycling 4. circulation and coordination

photosynthesis and excretion

Which process will result in a gain of energy in an ecosystem? 1. photosynthesis in algae cells 2. digestion in hummingbirds 3. ATP synthesis in fungi 4. respiration in maple tree cells

photosynthesis in algae cells

The electron transport chain is a series of proteins / carbohydrates in the thylakoid membrane along which energized electrons travel.

proteins

Light is needed for photosynthesis, because it a. brings water to the chloroplast b. provides energy, which is converted to chemical energy c. directly causes ATP production d. provides heat energy e. drives many enzymatic reactions

provides energy, which is converted to chemical energy

The light-dependent reactions require light / do not require light, and they absorb and transfer sugars / energy.

require light, energy

During the photochemical reactions that occur during photosynthesis, light energy is used primarily to A) chemically combine carbon and oxygen B) chemically combine hydrogen and carbon dioxide C) split water into hydrogen and oxygen D) split maltose into glucose molecules

split water into hydrogen and oxygen

Thylakoids are coin-shaped, membrane-enclosed compartments inside the _________.

stroma or chloroplasts

Chemical Reactions (A) H2O ------> 2H + O (B) ADP + P -------> ATP (C) CO2 + ATP + H ---------> PGAL + ADP + P (D) PGAL ---------> glucose The original source of energy for step B is provided by A) CO2 B) H2O C) enzymes D) sunlight

sunlight

The first part of an enzyme's name tells you about its function. All enzymes end with the suffix -ase. Therefore, ATP synthase is an enzyme that synthesizes / synchronizes ATP.

synthesizes

Base your answer to the following question on Bromthymol blue turns to bromthymol yellow in the presence of carbon dioxide. When the carbon dioxide is removed, the solution will return to a blue color. Two green water plants were placed in separate test tubes, each containing water and bromthymol yellow. Both test tubes were corked. One tube was placed in the light, the other in the dark. After several days, the liquid in the tube exposed to the light turned blue. This demonstration illustrates that, during photosynthesis, green plants A) take in carbon dioxide B) need bromthymol blue C) give off oxygen gas D) form ATP molecules

take in carbon dioxide

Plants are green because they contain the protein chlorophyll. A bucket was left on the lawn for one week. When the bucket was removed, the grass under the bucket had turned from green to a yellowish white color. This change is due to the interaction between the grass and 1. decomposer organisms in the soil, an abiotic factor 2. the amount of sunlight, an abiotic factor 3. increased moisture under the bucket, a biotic factor 4. the metal composition of the bucket, a biotic factor

the amount of sunlight, an abiotic factor

Photosynthesis takes place in two parts of a chloroplast: the _________ and the _________.

thylakoid, stroma

Chlorophyll is a molecule in chloroplasts that absorbs some of the energy in visible light / ultraviolet light.

visible light

The two reactants in the photosynthesis equation are _________ and _________.

water, carbon dioxide

The word cycle tells you that the chemical reactions of the Calvin cycle go from one to another with a beginning and an end / with no beginning or end.

with no beginning or end.