Science-Unit 1

Organism

A living thing ec: plants, animal, fungi, bacteria

Things to know about the Geosphere

REfer's to mostly solid part of earth ex: Rock's mineral, landforms, and Earth's interior

Things to know about the hydrosphere

Refer's to Earth's water 1. Covers 71% of Earth surface ex: oceans, lakes, rivers, streams and groundwater -most is salt water

Things to know about the biosphere

Refers to all the organism on the Earth ex: organism in the air, on land, and in the water

What is the difference between a rotation and revolution?

Rotation is when a planet spins around on its axis. A Revolution is when the planet spins around another thing like another planet or star.

What is essential for all organisms to survive?

Water

What is another name for the oval path earth takes around the sun?

orbit or ellipse

deciduous forest biomes

1. has four distinct seasons and a wide range of temperature 2. receive 75-150 cm of rain each year 3. contains deciduous trees

Examples of Natural Activity from Volcanoes affecting the Earth;s spheres

1. Geosphere the volcanoe erupts 2. Atmosphere-release of particles 3. Hydrosphere-formation of water droplet and rainfall 4. biosphere- plant growth

Example of Human Activity affecting Earth's spheres

1. Human build damns from materials from the geosphere 2. Water from the lakes seeps into the cliff walls. This can become groundwater in the geosphere or evaporate in the atmosphere 3. Human's use energy from water to generate electricity

What is the order of the phases of the moon?

1. New Moon 2. waxing crescent- see about 25% of the moon 3. first quarter-see about 50% of the moon 4. waxing gibbous-see about 75% of the moon 5. Full moon-entire surface of the moon reflect sunlight 6. waning gibbous-see about 75% of the moon 7. thrid quarter- see about 50% of the moon 8. waning crescent-see about 25% of the moon Start Over...

What are the four levels of organizations in an ecosystem?

1. Organism 2. Populations 3. Community 4. Ecosystem

What are the Six elements common to all organisms?

1. Oxygen 2. Carbon 3. Hydrogen 4. Nitrogen 5. Phosphorous 6. Sulfur

What are the six elements common to all organisms?

1. Oxygen 2. Carbon 3. Hydrogen 4. Nitrogen 5. Phosphorous 6. Sulfur

How do desert plants and animal adapt to lack of water and high temperature?

1. PLants stems, spines, and roots of cacti are adapted to conserve water. 2. Gila monster have several ways to prevent H20 loss, store energy, and stay cool

nitrogen cycle

1. Plants absorb nitrogen compounds through their roots 2. Animals get nitrogen by eating plant and other animals 3. Decomposers return nitrogen to the soil -nitrogen eventually breaks down completely -free nitrogen goes back the air

How are tundra plants and animal adapted to cold, dry conditions?

1. Plants in the tundra grow close to each other and close to ground to resist cold 2. animal in the tundra have thick winter coats

What does the solar system contain?

1. Sun-the center of the system 2. Planets-large bodies that do not give off light 3. Moon-natural objects that revolve around planets 4. Dwarf planets-pluto

Things to know to about the moon's movements

1. The moon finished one rotation on 27.3 days to rotates on it axis 2. The one finishes one REVOLUTION every 27. 3 days around the earth This is why the same side of moon always faces earth

How have taiga plants and animal adapted to cold conditions?

1. Tree in taiga have thick, waxy needles to prevent H20 loss 2. Animals in taiga eat seed to produce coniferous trees

Explain why tropical rain forests contain a large variety of plants and animals.

1. Tropical rain forests are warm and wet. 2. Temperature does not vary much throughout the year. 3. These conditions allow a large variety of plants to grow. 4.Because there are so many kinds of plants, there are habitats for many different kinds of animals as well.

temperature rain forest biome (this is different from tropical)

1. avg temp of 48-53 F 2. receive 200-400 cm of rain each year 3. contains mostly coniferous tree

What increase the amount of carbon in the air?

1. burning fossil fuels 2. cutting down forest

savanna biome

1. closer to equator than a grassland biome 2. receive up to 120 cm of rain each year 2. mostly grassy

desert

1. driest biome on earth 2. receive less than 25 cm of rain each year 3. supports little plant life

What are the processes in the water cycle?

1. evaporation 2.transpiration 3. condensation 4. precipitation

alpin biomes

1. found around the world but restricted to certain areas 2. determined by elevation 3. do not have a a climate range

tropical rain forest biome

1. found close to the equator 2. had avg temp of 77 F 3. recieve 200-600 cm of rainfall each year 4. contain a variety of lants and animals

Ranks with 1 being the smallest and 4 being the largest: organism population community ecosystem

1. organism 2. population 3. community 4. ecosystem

tundra biome

1. receive less than 25 cm each year 2. avg temp of 10 F 3. has permafrost

grassland biome

1. receives 25-75 cm of rain each year 2. mostly grassy

taiga (boreal forest)

1. world's largest biome 2. receives 35-100 cm of rain each year 3. contain mostly coniferous trees

Hydrosphere

All the water on earth

What are the roles of a decomposer? Check all that apply. A.Decomposers kill harmful microorganisms. B.Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms. C.Decomposers provide oxygen to the atmosphere. D.Decomposers convert sunlight into food energy. E. Decomposers recycle nutrients in the environment.

B.Decomposers break down waste and dead organisms. E. Decomposers recycle nutrients in the environment.

In which biome would you most likely find plants that grow far apart from one another, with narrow leaves and shallow roots? Why do these plants have these adaptations?

Desert biome 1. Narrow leaves help prevent water loss. 2. Shallow roots can spread out long distances in search of water. 3. Plants living in the desert grow far apart from one another so that they don't have to compete for limited amounts of water.

Things to know about Earth's rotation

Earth rotates aka spins on its axis 1. Earth finished one rotation in 24 hours 2. Earth's rotation causes day and night 3. Earth spins eastward; the sun appears to move westward

Cryosphere

Frozen water on earth

Things to know about the cryosphere

Frozen water on earth 1. it is a subset of the hydrosphere ex: glaciers, icecaps, and icebergs

Things to know about the atmosphere

Is the air that surround earth 1. It is a mixture of gases and particles 2. Protects the earth's surface

How long does it take Earth to finish a revolution?

It takes one year to finish a revolution

In a desert ecosystem, coyotes and rattlesnakes both eat the same type of mouse as a primary part of their diets. Recently, coyotes have been hunted and killed by people, decreasing the overall coyote population. How will this most likely affect the rattlesnake population over time? a. It will decrease because coyotes are the prey. b. It will increase because coyotes are the prey. c. It will decrease because coyotes are the competition. d. It will increase because coyotes are the competition.

It will increase because coyotes are the prey.

How are rain forest animal adapted to the presence of predators?

Many animals hide from predators by camoflaging themselves.

lunar eclipse

Occurs during a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun

Photosynthesis

Plants take in the biosphere take in CO2 from atmosphere 1. Their roots takes in water and nutrients from the soil 2. Plants make food through photosynthesis and release O2 into the atmospheres 3. Energy stored in plants is transferred to humans and animals that at them

condensation

The change from a gas to a liquid, forms clouds

The desert and tundra biomes receive about the same amount of rainfall per year. Compare the other characteristics of these two biomes.

The desert and tundra biomes have very different temperatures.

How are rain forest plants adapted to wet conditions?

The leave of tree in rain forest have drip tips to help run off rain quickly.

solar eclipse

When a NEW MOON blocks the view of the sun this is when the moon is between the sun and Earth

how do humans impact the nitrogen cycle?

When crops are harvest little nitrogen is returned to soil so human use fertilizer to replace nitrogen in the soil

When does an eclipse occur?

When the moon's shadow hits Earth or Earth's shadow hits the moon

fossil fuels

a fuel from the remains of organisms

population

a groups of organism of same species that live together

neap tide

a tide that occurs when the Sun and moon are at right angles, making high tides lower than normal and low tides higher than normal - occur during the first and third quarters of the moon's phases

spring tide

a tide that occurs when the Sun, the moon, and Earth are aligned, making tides higher - extra tides that occur during new and full moon

coniferous tree

a tree that produces cones and has needles shaped leaves that is retained year round

Which processes result in the release of carbon? Select three options. a. Animals break down food molecules to obtain energy. b. The remains of producers are broken down by decomposers. c. The remains of consumers are broken down by soil decomposers. d.Producers take in carbon dioxide. e.Producers make sugars and starches.

a. Animals break down food molecules to obtain energy. b. The remains of producers are broken down by decomposers. c. The remains of consumers are broken down by soil decomposers.

Which statements accurately describe tropical rain forests? Check all that apply. a. They are found near the equator. b. They have a cold, dry climate. c. The temperature does not vary much. d. They contain little variety of plants and animals. e.The animals often depend on camouflage to survive.

a. They are found near the equator c. The temperature does not vary much. e.The animals often depend on camouflage to survive.

Which term best describes all of the different species of insects living in a rainforest? a. a number of populations b. a niche c. a number of communities d. a habitat

a. a number of populations

Cleo has a vegetable garden and wants to increase the amount of nitrogen in the soil. How can she most likely do this? a. add several soybean plants to her garden b. decrease the amount of fertilizers she uses c. harvest the vegetable plants continuously d. reduce the number of decomposers that live in the soil

a. add several soybean plants to her garden

Which describes an interaction in which organisms work together so that all organisms in the group benefit? a. cooperation b. parasitism c. commensalism d. competition

a. cooperation

Karen is studying an area that has many trees and goes through all four seasons. The trees lose their leaves as the seasons progress. Which biome is she studying? a. deciduous forest b. grassland c. desert d. topical rain forest

a. deciduous forest

Which part of the diagram shows this interaction? hydrosphere → atmosphere a. evaporation b.groundwater c. precipitation d. surface runoff

a. evaporation

During which phase of the moon does a lunar eclipse occur? a. full moon b. third quarter c. waxing gibbous d. waning crescent

a. full moon

During which moon phase do spring tides occur? a. new moon and full moon b. first quarter and third quarter c. waxing gibbous and waning gibbous d. waxing crescent and waning crescent

a. new moon and full moon

Trees that have thick, waxy needles to prevent water loss and protect from cold would most likely be found in which biome? a. taiga b. grassland c. desert d. tropical rain forest

a. taiga

Which biomes would be found nearest to the equator? a. tropical rain forests and savannas b. tundras and taigas c. tropical rain forests and taigas d.tundras and savannas

a. tropical rain forests and savannas

Which explains why a fallen, rotting tree is considered a biotic factor and not an abiotic factor? a.It was once alive. b. It was never alive. c. It is part of an ecosystem. d. It provides shelter for living things.

a.It was once alive.

Which sphere protects Earth's surface? a.atmosphere b. biosphere c.geosphere d. hydrosphere

a.atmosphere

Which are examples of biotic factors? Select three options. a.rotting log b.stream water c.dead leaves d. bacteria e. soil

a.rotting log c.dead leaves d. bacteria

ecosystem

all the living and nonliving things in an particular area

community

all the populations living together in a particular area

eclipse

an event that occurs when one body in space gets between another body in space and the Sun

Precipitation

as more water vapor condenses, the drops of water in the cloud eventually fall to earth as precipitation

Fossil fuels are substances that can be burned to produce energy. The burning of fossil fuels releases certain gases into the air. These gases combine with other chemicals in the air to form substances called acids. When trees on the top of mountains are exposed to clouds that contain these acids, the acids remove substances from the trees that help the trees fight against harmful insects. What to spheres are connected to this?

atmosphere to biosphere

The moon tilts on its

axis

Which statements about eclipses are true? Check all that apply. a. Earth's shadow creates a solar eclipse. b. A total lunar eclipse has a reddish color. c. The moon moves between Earth and the Sun during a solar eclipse. d. A lunar eclipse occurs during a full moon. e.During a partial solar eclipse, half of the moon is covered by Earth. f.A solar eclipse occurs during a full moon.

b. A total lunar eclipse has a reddish color. c. The moon moves between Earth and the Sun during a solar eclipse. d. A lunar eclipse occurs during a full moon.

Why do lunar and solar eclipses not happen every month? a. Eclipses only occur during full and new moons. b. Earth rotates around its axis faster than the moon. c. The moon and Earth only travel through the penumbras. d. The moon's axis does not always align with Earth's shadow.

b. Earth rotates around its axis faster than the moon.

Which statements describe a mushroom's niche? Check all that apply. a. Mushrooms are a type of fungus. b. Mushrooms are often found in moist areas. c. Mushrooms break down dead plants. d. Mushrooms may only live a few days. e. Mushrooms reproduce through spores.

b. Mushrooms are often found in moist areas. c. Mushrooms break down dead plants.

What is the difference between the grassland and savanna biomes? a. Grassland biomes are closer to the equator and receive more rain. b. Savanna biomes are closer to the equator and receive more rain. c. Grassland biomes contain mostly grasses. d. Savanna biomes contain mostly grasses.

b. Savanna biomes are closer to the equator and receive more rain.

What is one difference between savanna and grassland biomes? a. Savannas get less rainfall per year than grasslands. b. Savannas are closer to the equator than grasslands. c. Savannas contain forests; grasslands contain mostly grasses.

b. Savannas are closer to the equator than grasslands.

Which statements about the moon's phases are true? Check all that apply. a. The same side of the moon always faces Earth. b. The moon shines because it reflects light from Earth. c. A new moon occurs when the Sun shines on the side of the moon not facing Earth. d. The waning gibbous and waning crescent occur immediately before the full moon. e. During the waxing phases of the moon, the side lit by the Sun is not facing Earth. f. A full moon happens when the Earth is between the Sun and the moon.

b. The moon shines because it reflects light from Earth. c. A new moon occurs when the Sun shines on the side of the moon not facing Earth. f. A full moon happens when the Earth is between the Sun and the moon.

Which describes a similarity between abiotic and biotic factors? a. They may include things that were once living. b. They are both necessary for organisms to survive. c. They are not usually important parts of the environment. d. They can be easily replaced if they are used or destroyed.

b. They are both necessary for organisms to survive

How do consumers obtain the carbon that they need for their life processes? a. They breathe it in from the surrounding air. b. They break down the plants and animals they eat. c. They absorb it from the surrounding soil. d. They absorb it from water through their pores.

b. They break down the plants and animals they eat.

Seaweed belongs to which of Earth's spheres? a. atmosphere b. biosphere c. geosphere d. hydrosphere

b. biosphere

Read the paragraph, and then answer the question. Coal is a black, hard substance formed from the remains of living things that existed a long time ago. The remains were buried and exposed to pressure and temperature underneath Earth's surface. Over time, these remains solidified. Which of the spheres interact in the formation of coal? Check all that apply. a. atmosphere b. biosphere c. cryosphere d. geosphere e. hydrosphere

b. biosphere d. geosphere

Cars are powered by fossil fuels, which come from the remains of ancient living things that were buried and exposed to high temperature and pressure from Earth's interior. Which spheres are represented when fossil fuels form? a. atmosphere and biosphere b. biosphere and geosphere c. cryosphere and atmosphere d. geosphere and hydrosphere

b. biosphere and geosphere

What are the three types of symbiotic relationships? a. competition, cooperation, predation b. commensalism, mutualism, parasitism c. parasitism, predation, competition d. mutualism, cooperation, commensalism

b. commensalism, mutualism, parasitism

During which process of the water cycle does water change from a gas to a liquid? a. precipitation b. condensation c. transpiration d. evaporation

b. condensation

In which direction does the Sun appear to move across the sky? a. from west to east b. from east to west c. from north to south d. from south to north

b. from east to west

Read about a process that helps shape Earth's surface. Water on Earth's surface seeps into rocks. When water in the cracks freezes, it expands and breaks the rocks apart. This process is called frost wedging. Which spheres interact when this process occurs? a.atmosphere, biosphere, cryosphere b. hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere c. biosphere, hydrosphere, cryosphere d. cryosphere, atmosphere, geosphere

b. hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere

What does Earth's rotation on its axis cause? a. the tides b. night and day c. passing of years d. phases of the moon

b. night and day

Tropical rain forests tend to have soils that are nutrient poor, and most of the nutrients are found in the top few inches of the soil. Which adaptation is most likely found in tropical trees? a. deep root systems b. shallow root systems c. needles d. pine cones

b. shallow root systems

Which biome contains mostly coniferous trees and receives 35 to 100 cm of rain per year? a. deciduous forest b. taiga (boreal forest) c. temperate rain forest d. tropical rain forest

b. taiga (boreal forest)

Which adaptation would be the most beneficial for an animal that lives in the tundra? a. long horns b. thick fur c. dark color d. sharp claws

b. thick fur

Which is the best example of predation? a.Hookworms live in the intestines of dogs and feed on their blood. b.Barn owls often capture and eat mice that live in fields. c.A colony of termites protects the eggs laid by a queen termite. d.Two species of shellfish grow in the same shallow ocean waters.

b.Barn owls often capture and eat mice that live in fields.

How is the nitrogen cycle important to humans? a. It produces free nitrogen that humans can breathe. b. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms. c. It produces nitrogen compounds that humans can breathe. d. It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by absorbing it through their skin.

b.It converts nitrogen into a form that humans can obtain by eating other organisms.

Which sphere does the frog belong to? a.atmosphere b.biosphere c.geosphere d.hydrosphere

b.biosphere

What is a habitat? a. the way an animal behaves b.the place where an animal lives c.the role an animal plays d.the group of animals in an area

b.the place where an animal lives

consumers

break down food molecules to obtain energy

The diagram illustrates part of the carbon cycle. Which best describes the diagram? a. A consumer is obtaining carbon by breathing it in from the atmosphere. b. A consumer is obtaining carbon by absorbing it from the soil. c. A consumer is obtaining carbon by eating carbon-based molecules stored in a producer. d. A consumer is obtaining carbon by eating carbon-based molecules stored in a decomposer.

c. A consumer is obtaining carbon by eating carbon-based molecules stored in a producer.

What occurs during a solar eclipse? a. Earth is closest to the Sun. b. There are small tides across Earth. c. The moon's shadow falls on Earth. d. The moon is covered in Earth's shadow.

c. The moon's shadow falls on Earth.

A relationship in which one species benefits and the other neither benefits nor is harmed is a. mutualism. b. predation. c. commensalism. d. competition.

c. commensalism.

Scott made a model of the water cycle by filling a tub with water, covering the tub with clear plastic, and placing a heat lamp over the tub. After a few days, he observed water droplets collecting on the plastic wrap. What do the water droplets represent? a. evaporation b. transpiration c. condensation d. precipitation

c. condensation

Which part of Earth contains frozen water? a. atmosphere b. biosphere c. cryosphere d. geosphere

c. cryosphere

Kangaroo rats are rodents that eat seeds and nuts and burrow in the ground to keep cool. These animals do not need to drink water because they get all the water they need from their food. Where are these organisms adapted to live? a.temperate rain forests b. tundras c. deserts d. savannas

c. deserts

When a volcano erupts, particles of rock and ash are released into the atmosphere. After this, water droplets form around the rock and ash particles and fall to Earth as rain. The rainwater helps plants grow. In this scenario, which spheres of Earth interact? a. biosphere, cryosphere, hemisphere b. cryosphere, geosphere, biosphere c. geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere d. hydrosphere, cryosphere, geosphere

c. geosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere

Which feature of Earth is part of the hydrosphere? a. air b. fish c. glaciers d. rocks

c. glaciers

Which would be an adaptation for living in the tundra? a. funnel shaped leaves to help water runoff b. deep roots to go into the permafrost c. hibernation to lower metabolism in the winter d. large ears to release heat

c. hibernation to lower metabolism in the winter

Which part of Earth belongs to the geosphere? a. air b.plants c. minerals d.water

c. minerals

The northern spotted owl has large eyes to help it hunt in dark conditions. Its feathers are brown and white to blend in with the surrounding trees. In which biome would you most likely find this bird? a. desert b. grasslands c. temperate rain forest d. tundra

c. temperate rain forest

Which best defines nitrogen fixation? a. the process of creating free b. nitrogen for plants to absorb the breakdown of nitrogen in the soil c. the conversion of nitrogen gas into a usable form d. the destruction of the bonds between nitrogen and other elements

c. the conversion of nitrogen gas into a usable form

During which phase does Earth see more than half of the moon's surface? a. first quarter b. third quarter c. waxing gibbous d. waning crescent

c. waxing gibbous

What makes up an owl pellet? a.feathers from the owl preening, or cleaning, itself b.pieces of food that the owl did not like c.pieces of food that could not be broken down by the owl's stomach

c.pieces of food that could not be broken down by the owl's stomach

air contain carbon in the form of

carbon dioxide

evaporation

change from a liquid to gas

Clown fish can swim among the poisonous tentacles of sea anemones without being harmed. The sea anemone protects the clown fish from predators, but gets nothing in return. This is an example of

commensualism

The Eastfork Forest contains pine trees, birch trees, and dogwood trees. All of the trees in this forest are considered a(n)

community

Corn plants and milkweed plants grow in the same area. Over several years, the milkweed plants have taken over the field and the corn plants no longer have space to grow. This best demonstrates which type of an interaction between the plants? a. cooperation b. parasitism c. commensalism d. competition

competition

Male deer, called bucks, head-butt each other to defend their breeding territory and female mates. This is an example of

competition

Sociable weavers are a species of bird found in Africa. All males of a colony work together to build a large nest that can house several hundred birds. This is an example of

cooperation

How long is the lunar cycle? a. 14 days b. 24 hours c. 365 days d. 27.3 days

d. 27.3 days

Which is the best example of competition in a forest ecosystem? a.A colony of bees builds and protects a hive together. b.Ticks live and feed on deer. c.Wolves hunt and eat rabbits. d. Blue jays and finches nest in the same oak trees.

d. Blue jays and finches nest in the same oak trees.

After Gerry mows his lawn, he often puts the grass clippings into his flower garden. How will this affect his garden? a. It will decrease the amount of carbon in the soil and decrease the amount of carbon dioxide released by decomposers. b. It will increase the amount of carbon in the soil and decrease the amount of carbon dioxide released by decomposers. c. It will decrease the amount of carbon in the soil and increase the amount of carbon dioxide released by decomposers. d. It will increase the amount of carbon in the soil and increase the amount of carbon dioxide released by decomposers.

d. It will increase the amount of carbon in the soil and increase the amount of carbon dioxide released by decomposers.

In which habitat would you expect to find a panda bear? a. a desert b. the arctic c. the ocean d. a forest

d. a forest

Which adaptation would be beneficial for a plant that lives in a desert biome? a.large, wide leaves b. leaves with drip tips c. deep roots d. expandable stem

d. expandable stem

Which could be classified as part of an ecosystem but not part of a community? a. trees b. grasses c. bacteria d. minerals

d. minerals

Water is made up of which two elements? a. carbon and nitrogen b. carbon and hydrogen c. oxygen and nitrogen d. oxygen and hydrogen

d. oxygen and hydrogen

A relationship in which one species benefits and the other is harmed is a.mutualism. b. cooperation. c. commensalism. d. parasitism.

d. parasitism.

During which phase of the moon do neap tides occur? a.full b. gibbous c. new d. quarte

d. quarter

Which biome would contain the most trees? a. tundra b. grassland c. desert d. taiga

d. taiga

In which biome do plants grow close to each other and close to the ground in order to resist the cold? a. deciduous forest b. desert c. taiga (boreal forest) d. tundra

d. tundra

Which scenario describes an interaction between two of Earth's spheres? a.Water flows from a stream to a lake. b.Gravity moves rocks to another location. c.Lions use energy to catch other animals for food. d.Bears dig big holes in the ground to protect their young.

d.Bears dig big holes in the ground to protect their young.

Which interaction involves only one of Earth's spheres? a. Plant roots take in water from the soil. b. Plants take in carbon dioxide from the air. c. During photosynthesis, plants make food and release oxygen into the air. d.Energy stored in plants is transferred to humans and animals that eat them.

d.Energy stored in plants is transferred to humans and animals that eat them.

Read the paragraph, and then answer the question. The solid part of Earth is made of huge chunks called plates. These plates sometimes move. When this happens, earthquakes may occur. When earthquakes occur under the ocean, it causes huge waves that carry a lot of energy. These huge waves are called tsunamis. Which spheres interact in the formation of tsunamis? Check all that apply. a. atmosphere b.biosphere c. cryosphere d.geosphere e.hydrosphere

d.geosphere e.hydrosphere

The word "wane" means

decreases

The Sun appears to move in the sky because----which causes day and night.

earth rotates on its axis

lunar cycle is caused by the relative position of

earth, moon , and Sun

habitat

environment in which all of an organism's needs are met provides food, water, shelter, and etc to live, grow, and reproduce different organisms live in different habitats

free nitrogen can be used by most organisms true or false

false

The process by which nitrogen gas is converted to a usable form is called nitrogen

fixation

Earth tides are caused by

gravity of the moon and sun -high gravitational pull from the moon of sun causes bulges that are the high tide -low gravitational pull from the moon or sun are low tides, does nto cause bulges

An organism on which a parasite or virus lives is called a

host

The word"wax" means

increases

system

is a group of parts that work together as a whole -change in one part of the system affects the other parts

biotic factors

living part of the environment or was once living ex: plants, animals, fungi, bacteria, rotting leaves

biomes

major terrestrial ecosystems, with a specific climate, and certain type of plants and animals

An object that revolves around a planet is a

moon

The barking owl of Australia may live in a savanna, which is an area that contains mostly grasses. Which prey species might this owl eat? Check all that apply. mouse bat turtle frog snake

mouse, snake, bat

carbon cycle

movement of carbon through living and non living part of the environment

A lichen is an organism made up of an alga and a fungus. The alga supplies energy for itself and the fungus through photosynthesis. The fungus provides a protected space for the alga to live. This is an example of

mutualism

In which type of relationship do both species always benefit? mutualism symbiosis commensalism competition

mutualism

The lunar cycles begins with the

new moon- you cannot see it

terrestial

on or associated with land

Some wasps lay their eggs on caterpillars called tomato hornworms. When the eggs hatch, the young wasps burrow into the caterpillar's body and eat it alive. The adult wasps then fly away. This is an example of

parasitism

Plants remove carbon dioxide from the air during and use the CO2 to make food molecules

photosynthesis

A large body in space that revolves around a star and does not give off light is a

planet

Jupiter is considered a

planet

astronomers are scientists who study...

planets, solar systems, stars, and galaxies

Typically, peregrine falcons hunt medium-sized birds, but they will also eat small mammals, reptiles, and insects. This is an example of

predation

nitrogen fixation

process of bacteria converting nitrogen gas into a usable form -performed by a bacteria found on the roots of plants

Which organisms create all usable food energy on Earth? consumers decomposers heterotrophs producers

producers

Permafrost

soil that remain frozen all year

the moon reflects light from the ...

sun

White-headed woodpeckers are adapted to have strong beaks that can break into tree trunks to find bugs and can also open pine cones to get at the seeds. White-headed woodpeckers are best adapted to living in the

temperate rain forest

climate

the average weather ina region over a long period of time

atmosphere

the blanket of gases that surrounds the surface of a planet

rotation

the movement of a body in space on its axis

revolution

the movement of one body in space around another

orbit

the oval path a body in space takes around another body in space

biosphere

the parts of land, sea, and atmosphere in which organisms live

lunar cycle

the phases the moon goes through during its revolution around Earth

Water cycle

the recycled water movement through living and nonliving parts of the environment

Niche

the role an organism play in its environment A nich includes: - food an organism eat -how the organism gets it food -other organism that rely on the organism for food -how the organisms reproduce -conditions the organism needs to survive

Geosphere

the solid part of the earth

astronomy

the study of the universe beyond earth

abiotic factors

things that are nonliving the environment eX: water, sunlight, O2, Temperature, soil

deciduous trees

trees that lose their leaves seasonally

Polar bears are adapted to stay warm by growing thick fur. These organisms most likely live in a

tundra

transpiration

water evaporation through plant leaves

runoff

water that flows over the ground surface rather than soaking into the ground

Groundwater

water that is stored in the ground

decomposers

when producers, plants, die their remain are broken down by decomposers. -they return carbon to soil and release CO2 into the air

This picnic table was made from fallen trees in a local forest. Is this picnic table a biotic or abiotic factor? Explain your answer.

yes because it was once alive coming from a living tree.