Scotty Social Studies Canada

Great Britain's Queen Elizabeth can be seen as the unofficial and symbolic head of the executive branch in Canada, but Canada's true head of the executive branch of the government is...

the Prime Minister.

If you were to divide Canada into zones, most of the people live in one zone called "The Golden Horseshoe."

"The Golden Horseshoe" include the southern portion of Lake Ontario and includes Toronto.

Why does pollution of the Great Lakes affect people in the United States and Canada?

1. Affects drinking water and food (fish) 2. Americans and Canadians enjoy the Great Lakes for recreation

The 3 countries that are a part of NAFTA?

1. Canada 2. Mexico 3. United States

List the 3 types of government in Canada.

1. Constitutional monarchy 2. Parliamentary democracy 3. Federation of provinces

List the 3 trade barriers that were eliminated as a result of NAFTA.

1. Embargos 2. Tariffs 3. Quotas

What all can happen as a result of acid rain?

1. Fish in lakes die 2. Forests begin to die 3. Stone statues begin to lose their features

The 5 freshwater lakes make up the Great Lakes are...

1. Lake Huron 2. Lake Ontario 3. Lake Michigan 4. Lake Erie 5. Lake Superior

There are 2 main reasons why the population of Canada is most concentrated in the southern part of Canada. Give those reasons.

1. Location-it is close to waterways and natural resources. 2. Climate-the southern part of Canada has a milder climate than the colder northern part of Canada.

There are a number of bodies of water with access to the ocean that are important to Canada for shipping and trade. List the 3 bodies of water in Canada that are important to Canada for shipping and trade. These do not include oceans.

1. St. Lawrence River 2. Hudson Bay 3. The Great Lakes

The 3 oceans that border Canada are...

1. The Arctic to the North 2. The Pacific to the West 3. The Atlantic to the East

Which was allowed for Canada by the British North America Act of 1867?

A Canadian parliament could make laws for the country.

Why is acid rain a problem? It can kill plants, damage or kill trees, and pollute lakes and rivers enough to kill the fish.

Acid rain can destroy property, such as buildings and statues.

Because Canada is economically developed, it has a lot of modern industries. Industrial activity can produce air pollution. Which environmental problem does air pollution cause?

Acid rain.

Industries and people from Canada depend on the water from the Great Lakes. Why? They use the water to drink. They also use it in the processes of their factories.

Because the Great Lakes are shared by both the US and Canada, the two countries must work together to keep the lakes' environment clean and healthy.

The Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River are important to Canada because they are important trade routes into central Canada from the Atlantic Ocean.

Canada also has 9 major seaports that help it to trade with other countries around the world.

Canadians are lucky-they have lots of natural resources. Some of the most important include iron ore, nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, diamonds and silver.

Canada also has a large number of lakes and rivers, so they have a good supply of fish, fresh water, and hydroelectric power.

Canada's location has helped it become a leader in world trade. It is located on 3 oceans: Arctic, Atlantic, and Pacific. This makes it easy to trade with Europe and Asia. Canada has 9 major ports and many smaller ones, which allows goods to be shipped in and out of Canada easily.

Canada also has many rivers, which also helps with trade. The Great Lakes and St. Lawrence Seaway allow goods to be shipped to and from the central part of Canada to the Atlantic Ocean. Please enlarge the picture to better understand the seaway...

How do we best describe Canada's population?

Canada has a small population compared to the size of its land area.

How are Canadians able to produce enough food for their own use and still have food to sell to other countries when only 5% of the land is arable?

Canada is a very large country, so 5% arable land is quite a lot of land.

Canada is the largest country in the Western Hemisphere in land area. It is the second largest country by land area in the entire world.

Canada is located along the northern border of the United States. It is also bordered by 3 oceans: the Atlantic, the Arctic, and the Pacific.

Which country is the second largest in the world in land area?

Canada.

This is a feature or region that is abundant in mineral ores, such as gold, silver, copper, and nickel. A great deal of mining activity to remove or extract these resources goes on here.

Canadian Shield.

The Canadian government has passed several laws to help Quebec's citizens preserve their language and culture. First, they made Canada bilingual, meaning that both English and French are the official languages of Canada. In Quebec, however, only French is their official language. English can be used in commercials, but only after French words and in smaller writing.

Canadian law guarantees the right to preserve one's cultural heritage. Quebec has also been designated a "distinct society" in Canada.

Since Canada's government is very similar to the government of the United Kingdom, would you describe the relationship between Canada the United Kingdom as closely associated or unfriendly?

Closely associated.

Canada also has good agricultural natural resources, too. It has good soil, which allows for the production of good crops. They also have forests and trees along with an abundance of wildlife.

Coal, oil, and natural gas are other natural resources of Canada. In fact, Canada has enough of these fossil fuels that they can sell it to other countries.

Which are important natural resources of Canada?

Coal, oil, and water.

Which are sources of chemicals in acid rain?

Coal-burning power plants.

Which are the official languages of Canada?

English and French.

Today, nearly 70% of Canadians speak English as their first language.

English is one of the official languages of government and business in the country.

Which people are likely to be against the Great Lakes Water Quality Treatment Agreement?

Factory owners in the area of the lakes.

The humid continental climate that covers a large part of Canada helps the country with which type of business?

Farming.

What has Canada done to help with acid rain? They have passed laws to limit pollution. They have worked with factory owners to build factories that do not pollute the air. They have required that cars produce less pollution.

Finally, the Canadian government has encouraged Canadians to walk, ride bikes, or take the bus instead of driving their cars. There is another problem...

Canada has large forests, and this is a very important natural resource to Canada. Loggers cut the trees and then mill them. These mills use the wood to make products including lumber, plywood, and wood pulp for making paper.

Forests are important because they are homes to animals and plants. They also provide oxygen for the atmosphere and they filter out pollutants in the air.

What is the country that established the very first colony in Canada?

France.

Which group of people would most likely support Quebec's independence movement?

French speaking Canadians

What statement describes why English is the most common language of Canada?

Great Britain ruled Canada for most of its period of settlement and expansion.

Remember that Great Britain colonized lands around the world. In North America, the 13 colonies declared independence and even fought a war to gain their independence. Other colonies were able to get their independence through peaceful means, and Canada is one of those countries.

In 1763, Canada became part of Great Britain as a result of Great Britain's defeat of France in the French and Indian War. By the 1860's, Canada asked the British Parliament to create a constitution allowing for increased self-government. Some Canadians were worried that the US might invade parts of Canada to gain new lands.

Canada is located further north than the US. Most of the southern part of Canada has a humid continental climate. It has warm to hot summers and cold winters. There can be up to 60 inches of precipitation in a year!

In the southern parts of Canada, near the US border, the climate allows for a long growing season. Canada's central plains are an important source of canola, wheat, and other grains.

Why is the Canadian Shield important to the economy of Canada?

It contains large, valuable mineral deposits.

Why do Canadians live all across their large country?

Many of their natural resources are in remote areas.

Obviously, Canadians must mine the "Canadian Shield" to get the minerals out of the Earth. This is a problem because mining is messy work. Slag, or leftover rock from the smelting process, is often dumped anywhere.

Mining can produce sulfur dioxide in the air, producing acid rain. Chemicals from the mines that are dumped into rivers and streams can poison the water and kill animal and plant life. As a result, Canada has made new rules about mining to try to reduce the amount of pollution that occurs as a result.

Most Canadians live within 100 miles of the US border.

Most Canadians live in cities or towns.

Which statement is true about where people in Canada live?

Most Canadians live within 100 miles of the US border.

What do the letters N A F T A stand for?

North American Free Trade Agreement

Which part of Canada has subarctic and arctic climates?

North.

Forests cover about how much land in Canada?

One-half.

Keep in mind that although Canada is further north than the US, it's climate is still mild enough that farming is possible.

Only about 5% of Canada's land is arable, or farmable. But, because it has such a large land area, that 5% is still a very large area on which to farm!

Which is a benefit of mining in Canada?

Over 1.5 million people work in the mining industry.

Although wars were fought for control of Canada between France and Great Britain, when Canadians wanted independence from Great Britain, they did so by what kind of negotiations?

Peaceful.

In the 1970's, the Great Lakes were polluted. In some places, fishing was unsafe. In other places, there were no fish that were alive. In 1972, the two countries signed an agreement to limit phosphorus, which is a chemical used in fertilizer, pesticides, toothpaste, and detergents.

Phosphorus is bad for lakes because if it is present in large amounts, it can cause a rapid increase in algae called an "algal bloom." An algal bloom can result in death of plant and animal life in the area of the bloom.

The first Canadian-American plan to clean the Great Lakes was to reduce which chemical?

Phosphorus.

What is the government of Canada doing to protect the forests?

Planting seeds and seedlings.

Out of all the Canadian provinces, which one would have "separatists" that would like to separate from Canada and become their own nation?

Quebec.

This type of trade barrier is a limit on trade. They restrict the amount of a foreign good that may be imported in a given amount of time.

Quota

The effects of the French settlement remain. Only 20% of the population speaks French as its first language, 81% of those who do speak French are in Quebec! Less than 10% of the people in Quebec speak English as their first language.

Remember that Canada has declared 2 official languages: English and French. Therefore, all official Canadian documents are written in both English and French. But in Quebec, the official language is French and only French.

Canadians enjoy a high standard of living, and this is due in part to their abundance of natural resources.

Remember that coal is one of their natural resources, but coal burning factories can be an environmental concern.

This land mass that projects above its surroundings begins in the southwestern United States and runs thousands of miles into Canada. It stretches all the way to Alaska. It is a major mountain range separating eastern and western Canada?

Rocky Mountains.

What is the most common religion of Quebec?

Roman Catholic. Don't get confused on the test. Keep in mind that Quebec tends to be a smaller population who have kept their French traditions-the French language and the most predominant French religion-Roman Catholic.

The only country in the world that is bigger than Canada in size is...

Russia.

What is the term for a person who wants Quebec to be an independent country?

Separatist.

What types of communities are usually found in areas where mining and farming are important?

Small communities of people.

Clear cutting is a problem because it results in poor water quality, erosion, and loss of wildlife habitat. Heavy machinery leaves the forest floor squished, making it hard for new growth to start.

Some groups want companies to leave small trees and seedlings. They also want to see smaller groups of trees removed instead of hundreds of acres of trees at a time.

Quebec is an important part of Canada. Many electronics and computer industries are based in the province of Quebec. Many of the people of Quebec speak French.

Some people want Quebec to be independent. We call these people "separatists." They believe that Quebec can't keep its French language and culture in a country where most people have English as a first language. Twice, the people have voted on whether or not to become independent, and both times, they decided to remain a part of Canada.

This body of water flows/runs inland into southeast Canada and is a major waterway for trade...

St. Lawrence River

Rain mixes with which substances to become acidic?

Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxide.

Where in Canada are the most valuable minerals found?

The "Canadian Shield."

Environmentalists who are concerned about the extraction or removal of natural resources so that they can be used to meet human needs are concerned with which Canadian physical feature?

The Canadian Shield

What condition makes it easy for Canada to trade with the US?

The countries share a border that is over 3,000 miles long.

The "Canadian Shield" is a large area of uplands surrounding the Hudson bay. The soil is poor-thin and rocky. However, beneath that soil is one of Canada's most valuable resources-minerals!

The mines in the "Canadian Shield" produce gold, silver, cooper, zinc, lead, iron ore, and uranium.

The British North America Act of 1867 put together the provinces of New Brunswick, Nova Scotia, Ontario, and Quebec, and the new constitution titled the country the Dominion of Canada. The country was allowed to have its own parliament and prime minister, but it was NOT allowed to make treaties with other countries. It also had to be part of the military of the United Kingdom.

The monarch, king or queen, would be the same for Canada and Great Britain. This worked well for a while, but many Canadian soldiers were used by the United Kingdom for World War 1, and many of them died. Canadians decided they wanted to more control of foreign affairs, so they began to work toward independence from Great Britain.

What climate feature keeps most Canadians living in the southern part of their country?

The north has very cold winters and cool summers.

The two official languages of Canada are English and French.

The reason for this is because Canada was settled by Great Britain and France.

Why does the Canadian government have to work with the US government to clean up the Great Lakes?

The two countries share the water in the lakes.

Just like in the United Kingdom, how do voters in Canada choose their Prime Minister?

The voters elect members of Parliament and the members of Parliament then choose the Prime Minister.

Why is timber an important natural resource for export by Canadian businesses?

There are more trees available than the Canadians can use themselves.

The Europeans who settled Canada came mainly from Great Britain and France. Along with them, came their languages and culture, including religion.

Therefore, as with Great Britain, most people in Canada was non-Catholic Christian, but in the more French Quebec, as with France, most were Roman Catholic. Today, about 80% of people in Quebec are still Catholic. In Canada as a whole, only about 44% of the people are Catholic.

The two countries also signed the Great Lakes Water Quality Agreement. The US and Canada are working together to make sure that chemicals harmful to animals and people aren't put into the lakes.

They are also working to reduce the amount of human waste dumped into the lakes.

Citizens in Canada are concerned that logging will destroy the forests. Do you remember the piece of property that Dad and I visited the other day? It had been clear cut.

This is when all of the trees are cut down, and this is a picture.

In the northern part of Canada, frozen ground covers much of the land and temperatures stay below freezing for much of the year. What is the name of this northern region?

Tundra.

The nation that borders Canada to the south is...

United States.

What part of the British North America Act of 1867 were Canadians opposed to after World War 1?

Use of Canadian soldiers in the army of the United Kingdom.

Factories and cars produce many pollutants. Coal-burning power plants also pollute the air. Sulfur dioxide, carbon dioxide, and nitrogen oxides are especially dangerous.

When these pollutants are put into the air, they mix with the water molecules and turn the water acidic. Clouds or rain droplets that are acidic are called "acid rain."

In parts of southern Canada, 50-75% of the pollution that causes acid rain comes from the US.

Wind patterns tend to move the pollution from the US north into Canada.

Canada's independence from the United Kingdom was granted after which event?

World War 1.

The goal of the independence movement was for Quebec to...

be an independent country.

Which geophysical area is most important to help businesses in central Canada move goods to countries in Europe? Geophysical means a naturally occurring area, such as a lake...

the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence Seaway.

Why are there no trade barriers between Canada, Mexico, and the United States?

Because of NAFTA.

Which pair of European countries contributed most to the languages of Canada?

England and France.

The population of Canada is 33 million.

The United States has 9 times as many people as Canada.

Which is a problem related to clear-cutting?

Wildlife loses large areas of habitat.