Sensation and Perception

Joe Wilson, age 55, has been told by experts that he has conduction hearing loss and that a hearing aid would restore his lost sense of hearing. It is likely that Joe's hearing loss involves problems within the

middle ear

The sense of smell is known as

olfaction

People's response to subliminal priming indicates that

They are capable of processing information without any conscious awareness of doing so.

The local fire department sounds the 12 o'clock whistle. The process by which your ears transform the sound waves from the siren into neural impulses is an example of

Transduction

The olfactory receptors are activated by

airborne molecules

Receptor cells for the vestibular sense send messages to the

cerebellum

Pleasant memories are most likely to be evoked by exposure to

fragrant odors

If you move your watchband up your wrist an inch or so, you will feel it for only a few moments. This best illustrates

sensory adaptation

The wavelength of light determines its

Hue

Dissociation has been used as an explanation for

Hypnotic Pain Relief

Mr. Logwood's eyewitness perceptions of a car accident were influenced by his inborn ways of organizing sensory experiences, his learned schemas, and by other eyewitnesses' reactions to the car accident. An integrated understanding of Mr. Logwood's perceptions of the accident is most clearly provided by

A biopsychosocial approach

The opponent-process theory is most useful for explaining a characteristic of

Afterimages

Damage to the basilar membrane is most likely to affect one's

Audition

A subliminal message is one that is presented

Below one's absolute threshold for awareness.

Receptor cells in the human eye that are the most sensitive to fine detail are called

Cones

When Rick learned that many students had received a failing grade on the midterm exam, he was no longer disappointed by his C grade. His experience best illustrates the importance of

Context Effects

Which of the following strategies best illustrates the use of subliminal stimulation?

Correct answer: A store plays a musical soundtrack in which a faint and imperceptible verbal warning against shoplifting is repeated frequently

During a hearing test, many sounds were presented at such a low level of intensity that Mr. Antall could hardly detect them. These sounds were below Mr. Antall's

Correct answer: absolute threshold

Weber's law is relevant to an understanding of

Correct answer: difference thresholds

The fact that we recognize objects as having a consistent form regardless of changing viewing angles illustrates

Correct answer: perceptual constancy

After learning that her new college roommate had experienced several depressive episodes during her high school years, Erin incorrectly perceived her roommate's laughter as artificial and phony. This best illustrates the impact of

Correct answer: perceptual set

Immanuel Kant and John Locke would have been most likely to disagree about the extent to which perception is influenced by

Cultural Experience

The bones of the middle ear relay vibrations received from the

Eardrum

Holding a heavy rather than a light clipboard leads people to perceive job candidates as more important. This best illustrates

Embodied cognition

Telepathy refers to the

Extrasensory transmission of thoughts from one mind to another

Who emphasized that perceptual understanding comes from inborn ways of organizing sensory experience?

Immanuel Kant

Our sense of the position and movement of individual body parts is called

Kinesthesia

The Moon illusion refers to our tendency to perceive the Moon as unusually

Large when it is near the horizon

Color constancy refers to the fact that

Objects are perceived to be the same color even if the light they reflect changes.

Some stroke victims lose the capacity to perceive motion but retain the capacity to perceive shapes and colors. Others lose the capacity to perceive colors but retain the capacity to perceive movement and form. These peculiar visual disabilities best illustrate our normal capacity for

Parallel Processing

After hearing rumors about the outbreak of an infectious disease, Alyosha began to perceive his normal aches and pains as disease-related symptoms. His reaction best illustrates the impact of

Perceptual Set

After a small section of his basilar membrane was damaged, Jason experienced a noticeable loss of hearing for high-pitched sounds only. Jason's hearing loss is best explained by the ________ theory.

Place

Psychics are unable to make millions of dollars betting on horse races. This undermines their claims to possess the power of

Precognition

The way in which you quickly group the individual letters in this test item into separate words best illustrates the principle of

Proximity

Multiple ________ send combined messages to a bipolar cell, whereas a single ________ may link directly to a single bipolar cell.

Rods; Cone