Simpli-learn PMP P. Test
A team is complaining that every quality audit invariably audits its module, but other modules are not audited at the same frequency. What is the best explanation that can be provided? a) A module gets audited more frequently because it has maximum issues b) A module may get audited more because it is the most critical c) Modules to be audited are picked up based on the quality management plan d) Next time, make sure that all modules get audited at the same frequency
The logic for selecting modules for audit should be outlined in the quality management plan and should be followed. Choice C.
As a Project Manager and member of the PMO (Project Management Office), you want to present a snapshot of the status of various projects that the organization is working on to the senior management. Which of the following charts would be most suitable for the purpose? Milestone chart Gantt Chart Precedence diagram Control chart
A milestone chart depicts key events along a timescale. It is used for top level reporting so that management does not become bogged down in the minutia of the projects. A milestone chart can contain various colors or markings that indicate status. It can also contain other information related to the project(s), like customers, responsibility, duration, phase of the milestone, etc.
Which of the following statements is NOT true about a product lifecycle? A) It starts with conception of a new product and ends with its withdrawal B) A product can spawn a single project in its life C) The five stages of each product lifecycle are product development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline D) It focuses on managing the properties of a product from a company's business point of view
A product can spawn a single project in its life. Product lifecycle management (PLM) is the process of managing the entire lifecycle of a product from its conception, through design and manufacture, to service and disposal. PLM integrates people, data, processes, and business systems to provide a product information backbone for companies. The five stages of each product lifecycle are product development, introduction, growth, maturity, and decline. A product can spawn or require many projects over its life.
Your development team is waiting for the design team to finish its work. As a Project Manager, you have decided to use this approach to reduce uncertainty in the project. Which of the following relationship does this describe? A) Iterative relationship B) Sequential relationship C) Overlapping relationship D) Common relationship
A sequential relationship is the stage where a phase can only start once the previous phase is complete. The step-by-step nature of the approach reduces uncertainty but may eliminate options for reducing the schedule.
While responding to a procurement request, the seller outlined the detailed technical solution, provided a handful of past customer references, and also made a detailed commercial offer. Which procurement document would the seller most likely respond to? Request for Quotation Request for Proposal Invitation for Bid Bidder conference invitation
An RFP requests for a detailed proposal. RFQ is just the pricing. B is the correct choice.
A project team is working on initiating a project. Which of the following options is NOT true about this situation? A) The Sponsor is developing the project charter B) The Project Manager is developing the project charter C) The Project manager is participating in the development of the project charter D) The Sponsor and the Project Manager together are developing the project charter
As per the new examination content outline, the Project Manager will not be in charge of developing the project charter (choice B is the correct choice). Instead, the PM will only participate in developing the project charter while working with the Sponsor who is in charge of developing the charter. https://pmstudycircle.com/project-charter/
As a Project Manager you are worried about the continuous bad performance of one of your team members. You have spoken to him over coffee, but there seems to be no improvement. What is the MOST suitable way to communicate your dissatisfaction to the concerned team member? Informal Verbal Formal Verbal Formal Written Informal Written
As this is the second notice to the team member for poor performance, it should be communicated in a formal written manner.
Your software project is in the critical system testing stage when two of the senior members of the team come to you with a conflict on usage of the simulation software during testing. One senior member claims that the other person keeps the software engaged for almost all the working hours of the project. You decide to change their working schedules so that they no longer overlap. Which of the following techniques for conflict resolution are you using? a) Compromising b) Collaborating c) Forcing d) Smoothing
Choice B. The collaborating or problem solving approach is the best option as the PM is solving the project problem by taking out the overlapping of activities.
As a Project Manager you decide to create an issue log which captures issue description, owner, and the target date for issue closure. All of the following are common examples of issues in the project EXCEPT: a) Differences in Opinion b) Probable delay in the next delivery c) Pending Root cause Analysis d) Delay in receiving feedback from the customer
Choice C is correct because it describes a delay. Choice B) Probable delay in the next delivery represents a project risk and is not an issue as the event is uncertain --> This may or may not happen in future.
Your project has faced some unforeseen issues that have delayed it. The project is very critical for the company, and it has to meet the scheduled deadline. In order to meet the deadline, your team would have to work over the weekends for the next two weeks. However, you know that many of the team members will have personal commitments, and it will be very difficult for them to work for seven consecutive days. What is the BEST option? a) Hire additional resources and brief them about the project b) Inform the customer that this deadline can't be met c) Discuss the situation with the team and give them the choice to willingly work overtime d) Send an official mail, making it compulsory for the team to work over the weekends
Choice C. The Project Manager should explore all the options to avoid delay in the project. In this case, there might be some team members willing to work over the weekends, and the Manager can re-plan the schedule once their availability is confirmed.
A Project Manager understands the information needs of important stakeholders and documents how they would be met. Which document is being prepared? Stakeholder register Stakeholder management plan Human resources management plan Communications management plan
Communications management plan contains details of how the communication needs of the project's stakeholders will be met.
Project performance reviews using earned value management would NOT typically incorporate information from: Variance Analysis Cost Benefit Analysis Trend Analysis Earned Value Technique
Cost benefit analysis is a technique that compares positive factors or benefits with negative ones to determine the net result of performing the action. It is a popular technique for the project selection method, but will not be useful during the project performance review
You are managing a project with a total budget of $36,000 to be finished in one year. You are at the end of the 6th month and the project is currently on schedule; however, the actual cost of the project is $20,000. What is the cost variance on the project? 2000 -2000 16000 -6000
Cost variance = Earned Value (EV) - Actual Cost (AC). Here, Earned Value is uniformly spread over the entire project duration. So earned value at the 6th month = [(Total Cost)/ (Total Project months)] * Months completed, i.e., ($36,000/12)*6 = $ 18,000. Cost Variance = $18,000-$20,000 = -$2,000
Which of the following statements about critical path is TRUE? a) It is the shortest path from start to finish b) All the activities on the critical path do not have any float c) A project will have only one critical path d) A critical path takes into consideration logical as well as resource dependencies
Critical path activities do not have any float. If any activity on the critical path is delayed, the completion of the project will be delayed by an equal amount. To determine the critical path, you have to add the amount of time estimated for the duration of each activity to the previous activity.
A Project Manager is facing many serious issues in his project to create an application for a hospital management system. The project's final deliverable is scheduled for two weeks from now. It needs to fulfill compliance with mandatory government health standards. In addition to that there are some changes required to improve performance which the Project Manager feels will make the customer happy. Amidst all of this, a senior test engineer asks the Project Manager for a long leave. Which is the most critical issue the Project Manager needs to address FIRST? a) Ensure the product is compliant to government health standards b) Find a replacement for the senior tester and ensure he completes knowledge transfer before leaving c) Complete change control process to incorporate changes to enhance performance d) Notify the customer about probable delay in the final deliverable to avoid surprise later
Ensure the product is compliant with government health standards = top priority. This question exemplifies a typical scenario when a Project Manager needs to integrate information and prioritize the most critical issue. In this scenario, Option C is part of gold plating and is not actually required in the project. Option B can pose some trouble to the Project Manager. The question doesn't clearly establish whether the resource is leaving before or after the final delivery. There is no indication that his absence would adversely affect the project delivery. In this situation, the most important thing to focus on should be the compliance testing because it is a mandatory requirement on the project.
A project activity has the following values for the earliest and latest it can start and the earliest and latest it can be completed. An activity's Late Start (LS) is 5/day and Late Finish is (LF) 10/day. Similarly Early Start (ES) is 3/day and Early finish (EF) is 8/day. What is the float of this activity? 0 days 4 days 2 days -3 days
Float for an activity can be calculated using any of the two formula (i.e. Float = LS-ES or LF-EF). In this case, float = 5-3 or 10- 8 or 2 days. Remember, float or slack is the amount of time a task in a project network can be delayed without causing a delay to subsequent tasks (free float) or the project completion date (total float).
Which of the following conflict resolution techniques is believed to generate the FEWEST enduring positive results? Problem Solving Avoidance Compromising Forcing
Forcing is the technique that can generate the FEWEST positive enduring results.
During project execution, the customer interprets a clause in the contract differently and demands an elaborate design document as part of the next deliverable. According to you, this is not included in the deliverable list. What best can you do to resolve the situation? a) Change the contract and continue with your project work b) Accept the customer's demand as he is responsible for the project's success c) Talk to your Project Sponsor about the issue and the implications of accepting such a request on the schedule and cost of the project d) Document the dispute and refer to the claims administration
In case of conflicting claims, it is best to refer them to claims administration. Choice D. Claims administration resolves claims according to the contract's dispute resolution procedures when the buyer and seller cannot resolve a claim on their own. Claims administration documents, processes, monitors, and manages claims during the life of the contract, usually according to the contract terms.
A Project Manager has defined the key deliverables of the project based on the business and compliance requirements and is now identifying and documenting high-level risks, assumptions, and constraints based on current environment, historical data, and/or expert judgment to identify project limitations and propose an implementation approach. Which process group is the Project Manager in? A) Initiating B) Planning C) Executing D) Closing
It is during the initiating process group that you identify and document high-level risks, assumptions, and constraints to identify project limitations and thereafter propose an implementation approach.
Which of the following is an example of Lead? a) Pillars for a structure can be started 7 days after the foundation to allow for curing b) Test lab preparation can start 5 days before a product is made available for test c) Both test planning and product development can start simultaneously after the design is finalized d) Crash tests cannot be carried out until a working final model is made available
Lead means that the successor activity can start in advance of the predecessor activity. Choice B is correct.
Which of the following is NOT a tool used in the perform qualitative risk analysis process? Probability and Impact Matrix Risk Prioritization Monte Carlo Simulation Root cause identification
Monte Carlo Simulations are typically associated with the quantitative risk analysis process. It generates the output as a range instead of a fixed value and shows how likely the output value is to occur in the range.
Your project is going through an audit cycle. One of the senior auditors points out that the target value for Schedule Performance Index (SPI) is set to a low value and should be increased by at least 5 percent. You try to tell the auditor that this target value is in accordance with the organization baseline and cannot be changed. Which of the following is the CORRECT statement in this case? a) The auditor is right; as the project must meet a critical deadline, target SPI should be increased b) The auditor is right; the target value of SPI is a benchmark for the project, and it should be kept high c) The Project Manager is right; as the project schedule is not critical, target SPI value needn't be kept too high d) The Project Manager is right; target SPI is based on organization baseline derived from its process maturity level and should be followed by the project
Most organizations set up an organization-level baseline called process capability baseline. PCB or Process Capability Baseline specifies what results to expect when a process is followed. Using PCB, a project manager can predict, at the gross level, effort required at various stages, defect densities, overall quality, and productivity. In this case, the Project Manager is right to set the target values of his project metrics based on the organization baseline value. Choice D.
A project team with a CPI of 0.78 is looking for options to reduce cost. Which of the following would be the BEST option to do so? Reduce a test cycle in the system testing phase Reduce scope by cutting down non-essential features Add more resources to expedite the schedule Revisit estimates and eliminate risks and then re-estimate
Option C wouldn't reduce cost. Option A and B would have a negative effect as they compromise on quality or scope. Of all the available options, D is the one with minimum negative effect.
As a Project Manager you are estimating the duration of your project activities using PERT technique (Program Evaluation and Review technique). For a particular project activity, your optimistic estimate is 41 days, pessimistic estimate is 89 days, and most Likely estimate is 60 days. What would be the expected duration and range of the estimate for this activity? 61.67 +/- 8.00 31.27 +/-8.00 61.67 +/-3.00 31.27 +/-3.00
PERT allows the estimator to include three estimates: optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely, given by the equation Expected Duration = [P + 4(ML) + O]/6. Range is +/- standard deviation = (P-O)/6, where P is the pessimistic estimate, ML is the most likely estimate, and O is the optimistic estimate. Using this method, the correct answers comes out to be 61.67 days and range (+/-Standard Deviation) is 8.00.
The estimating technique that uses the statistical relationship between the historical data and other variables to calculate an estimate for an activity is called: Analogous Estimating Parametric Estimating Three Point Estimating Monte Carlo technique
Parametric estimating is an estimation technique which utilizes the statistical relationship between a series of historical data and a particular delineated list of other variables. Some examples of these variables include square footage in a construction project and the number of lines or codes that exist in a software application. This information is then implemented for the purpose of calculating and demonstrating an estimate for the activity parameters.
A manager who manages a collection of projects grouped together to facilitate effective management to meet strategic business objectives is called a: A) Program Manager B) Portfolio Manager C) Project Manager D) Stakeholder
Portfolio refers to a collection of projects or programs grouped together to facilitate effective management to meet strategic business objectives, and the person managing it is called a Portfolio Manager. Portfolio management describes methods for analyzing and collectively managing a group of current or proposed projects based on numerous key characteristics like business objectives, technical strategy, goals, etc.
Which of the following is NOT true about the project charter? A) It provides the Project Manager the authority to assign organization resources B) It formally authorizes the project C) It details the business justification of the project D) It states what the project is, what the project will deliver, and how all the processes will be managed
Project Charter provides the high-level project description and product characteristics. It authorizes the project and provides the Project Manager the authority to assign organization resources. D) is the correct answer because it describes the project management plan.
A team is inspecting specific project deliverables to ensure that they are in accordance with the specifications. Which process is being worked on? Perform Quality Assurance Validate Scope Plan Quality Management Control Quality
Quality control is the process of examining specific project deliverables to ensure they are in accordance with the requirements/specifications.
You are trying to figure out if there is a correlation between the slack time available in a shift and the number of rejected components produced during the shift. Which is the tool that you will use to analyze this? Pareto charts Ishikawa diagrams Histograms Scatter diagrams
Scatter diagrams are used to plot data between two variables to figure out if there is a pattern or correlation between them.
You are managing an infrastructure project that is nearing completion when a major stakeholder points out a flaw in the design that could make the entire structure weak. He suggests that you construct two support pillars that would provide the necessary support. You are worried that this change could impact the schedule and cost of the project significantly. What is your BEST response to the stakeholder? a) Refuse his suggestion as the project is already nearing completion and it's not possible to make any changes at this stage b) Do a root cause analysis with the team to determine how this design flaw could have been missed, and if there could be more potential problems with the design c) Proceed with the change and communicate the impact on project schedule and cost to the customer d) Use a schedule compression technique as part of integrated change control to investigate and minimize the adverse impact of the change
Schedule compression technique is useful not only during project planning to see if the desired completion date can be met, but also during integrated change control to look at the schedule impacts of changes to time, cost, scope, or risk. D is correct. B seems to be in good faith but doesn't address the immediate problem. C should be done once all the alternatives are explored to minimize the adverse effect of the change on the project schedule and other constraints.
A Project Manager is working on planning a project that requires review and oversight for a number of technically complex tasks. Who should identify the specific resources for performing the reviews? A) The Project Manager B) The Project Sponsor C) Functional Managers D) Customer
Since nothing is given about the organization structure, we have to assume that it is a matrix or functional organization where the resources are owned by the functional managers and they would provide and identify these resources.
While working on a contract, a supplier's factory was severely damaged due to an earthquake, and the supplier could not deliver the contracted items on time. The liability of the supplier to pay penalty for delays is probably restricted due to: Doctrine of Waiver Privity Dispute Resolution Force Majeure
The Force Majeure clause protects both parties (buyer and seller in a contract) from liabilities due to unforeseen events on which nobody has control.
A Project Manager is in the process of analyzing activity sequences, durations, resources requirements, and schedule constraints to create an approved project schedule. What should the PM do NEXT? A) Determine Resource Requirement for each activity in the project B) Use techniques like Critical Path method and What-if Analysis to calculate optimum duration of the project c) Use this approved schedule duration as a baseline and start tracking the project D) Create a Network diagram of the project using one of the diagramming methods
The Project Manager is in the process develop schedule. Since the project schedule has already been approved, it implies Option A, B, and D are already completed as part of the processes estimate activity resources, develop schedule, and sequence activities. The next step would be to treat this estimate as a schedule baseline and start tracking the project as part of the process control schedule.
A Project Manager is in the process of documenting and defining a stakeholder's needs to meet project objectives. What is the output of this process? A) Stakeholder Register B) Stakeholder Management Strategy C) Requirements Documentation D) Issue Log
The Project Manager is in the process of "collect requirements" which has the output requirements documentation. This document describes how individual requirements meet the business need for the project. It is important that the requirements documented are unambiguous (measurable and testable), traceable, and acceptable to key stakeholders. Option A, stakeholder register is only a list of stakeholders in the project, whereas option B stakeholder management strategy describes the strategy to manage stakeholder expectations.
You are a Project Manager taking over a project midway. It is in the execution phase. You would like to know more about project deliverables, work required to complete those deliverables, project constraints, assumptions, etc. Which of the following documents would be MOST useful? a) Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) b) Requirements Documentation c) Activity List d) Project Scope Statement
The Project Manager should refer to the project scope statement as it captures the product acceptance criteria, scope description, project deliverables, constraints, assumptions, etc. Options A and Option C define project scope at the smaller work package and activity level respectively. Option B Requirements Documentation captures requirements of the project related to quality, functional and non-functional requirements, support requirements, etc. and is an incorrect.
You have taken over as a Project Manager of a complex and technically challenging project. To add to the problems, your team is from diverse cultures and lacks bonding. You want the team to participate and take ownership of the project activities, as well as understand the big picture of the project. Which of the following activities would be most helpful? A) Use colocation to help team bond better which in turn would maximize productivity B) Create Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) C) Develop Responsibility Assignment Matrix to describe roles and responsibilities of every team member D) Conduct knowledge sessions where each member appraise the team about his culture
The Project Manager wants the team to take ownership as well as understand how its individual project activities affect the overall project deliverable (the big picture). The Project Manager also wants the team to develop bonding. All these objectives are met when the team gets involved in creating the WBS and WBS dictionary. Option A may not be always possible due to physical constraints in the project. Option D has limited utility, but Option B is the best choice as it fulfills multiple project objectives.
A project sponsor is studying the project contract and going through the narrative description of products and services to be supplied under contract. The project sponsor is also meeting key stakeholders and subject matter experts to evaluate whether the project is worth the required investment. Which of the following documents would be created as an output in the process? A) Project Statement of Work B) Project Charter C) Project Management Plan D) Organizational Process Assets
The Project sponsor is in the develop project charter process in the project integration management and is using the statement of work to understand the product requirements and descriptions. The output of this process is a project charter, which initiates the project once approved formally. A project charter documents high-level project descriptions and business needs of the project, along with a current understanding of the customer's needs, risks, name of the sponsor, and so on.
A project is relying on a contractor to deliver a component. The contractor informs the PM about the likelihood of a 3-week delay in the delivery date. What should the PM do? a) Meet with the team to discuss the issue b) Escalate the matter to the senior management of the contractor as per the escalation matrix c) Issue a formal show-cause notice asking why the contract should not be submitted d) Inform the senior management and the customer about the possibility of delay to the overall project due to the delayed component
The first thing to do is to understand the impact and find out how the impact can be contained by discussing the matter with the team.
A Project Manager wants to determine the variance for an activity estimate using a three-point estimate with the following data. Pessimistic=14, Optimistic=2, and Realistic=5. What is the variance? 5 2 4 Not enough information
The formula for variance = [( Pessimistic-Optimistic)/6]squared. The answer is 4.
A pharmaceutical company wants to launch a new over-the-counter medication for flu in the U.S. The Project Manager is identifying project communication constraints. Which of the following is NOT a valid constraint? a) The company should get an FDA approval before producing or selling the medicine b) The key person responsible for communicating the information on the project may not be available through the entire project c) The milestone meeting should be attended by all the major key stakeholders d) The project has teams working in different geographical locations and time shifts
The key person responsible for communicating information on the project may not be available through the entire project. A communication constraint is usually derived from specific legislation or regulation (Option A), organizational policies (Option C), or a project constraint (Option D) which limits the project's options during communication management. However, (Option B) is an uncertain event or risk in the project which needs to be addressed through risk management.
You are managing an e-banking solution project when the Vice-President of the company calls you to discuss an opportunity to manage a critical company project which can boost your career and professional experience. Your e-banking solution project is due to complete in 3 weeks. What is your best response to the Vice-President? a) You would surely like to manage both the projects together as the latter is a critical project for the company b) You would use a compression technique to finish your current project faster and then take up this new project c) Since the new project is more critical to the organization, you could take this project immediately and your earlier project can be managed by someone else. It is coming to a close anyway. d) The project should first develop an approved project charter which would formally initiate the project
The project should develop an approved project charter which would formally initiate the project. An approved project charter formally initiates a project and authorizes a Project Manager to apply resources to the project. A project without a project charter is not a project. With this in mind, a Project Sponsor should first develop a project charter. All the other Options A, B, and C are not suitable until the new project is formally initiated.
You are working on a project to build a hybrid car which would run on both diesel and electricity. This car would have a 1000 cc engine and work on a regenerative braking system. It should be able to seat four passengers including a driver and comply with Euro 4 emission norms. In which of the following documents should this information be captured? A) Product Scope B) Project Scope C) Scope baseline D) Requirements Management Plan
The scenario describes the features, functions, and requirements which are part of defining product scope. Product scope: the features and fxns that characterize a product, service, or result. describes the fxn or service that will exist as a result of your project. Project scope: the work that needs to be accomplished to deliver a product, service, or result with the specified features and functions. describes all the work to create the product scope. It includes only the required work to complete the project deliverable. Note: The completion of project scope is measured against the project management plan, the project scope statement and its associated Work Breakdown Structure (WBS), WBS dictionary, and scope baseline. Completion of product scope is measured against product features or requirements.
Which of the following are the MOST important to derive the total funding requirements and periodic funding requirements of the project? Management Reserve and Contingency Reserve Cost Baseline and Management Reserve Funding Limit Reconciliation Project Budget and Contingency Reserve
The total funds required in the project are those included in cost baseline, plus management reserve if any. Remember, the cost baseline includes contingency reserves because the cost baseline will include projected expenditures plus anticipated liabilities.
Your firm awarded a cost reimbursable contract to a pharmaceutical company for a research-related activity. Over time, a large number of changes have taken place on the project, and it has become difficult to keep track of the status of these change requests. What is the BEST alternative for a Project Manager in this case? a) Terminate the existing contract and negotiate a new one with the seller b) Capture all the change requests, along with their current status, and follow the contract change control system c) Terminate the existing contract and sign a similar one based on the same terms and conditions as the earlier one d) Seek advice from the senior management of your organization
There are strong reasons for the Project Manager to terminate the existing contract and re-negotiate the terms and conditions. As the earlier contract was cost reimbursable, the Project Manager had limited information on the contract scope of work. It may not be true now since some work has been done, and the Project Manager is in a better position to negotiate. Also, since there are too many change requests with no clarity on how many of them would be approved, it is difficult for the Project Manager to continue work. The best option for the Project Manager in this case is Option A.
A Project Manager in an e-learning project is using free downloadable tutorials via the Internet to reach out to large audiences. This communication method is called: Interactive Communication Pull Communication Push Communication Personal communication
This is an example of a pull communication method which is used for large volumes of information or for large audiences that require the recipients to access the communication content at their own discretion. It is easier to recall pull communication as "pulling of information" as desired by the receiver at his discretion.
Which of the following statements is true about control charts ? a) Special causes are easier to predict and handle than common causes b) Common causes are easier to predict and handle than special causes c) A process is stable if it has only special causes d) None of the above
Two types of variation can be distinguished using control charts: the variations inherent in a process, such as product design or choice of materials, and special causes of variation, i.e., variations from unexpected sources, such as human error or a power failure. When the process is in control, it is solely governed by common causes and is indicated through data points lying within control limits. In this case, the only way to improve a process is to make a fundamental change, for example, upgrade equipment, change procedures, or provide more training. However, the presence of a special cause would result in data points falling outside the control limit or show trend. Special causes of variation must be removed before the control chart can be used to monitor the performance of a process to make it stable and predictable. Choice A. https://www.knowledgehut.com/blog/project-management/control-chart-in-pmp
A Project Manager is proactively managing the change through the scope control process. Which of the following should he be MOST worried about? Value Added Changes Errors and Omissions Risk Response Verbal communication from key stakeholders
Undocumented changes should never be allowed by the Project Manager. He should ensure that whenever a change is requested, the impact on features and functions of the product (including that on the triple constraints) is documented with a change request. Only then should the change continue through integrated change control. Option A, value-added changes, describe changes in the scope that would provide benefits such as cost reduction. Option B, errors and omissions, could be both in project scope, which is the work required to complete the project, and the product scope, which refers to the features and functions of the deliverables. Option C, risk response, involves changes in the scope required to mitigate an identified risk. Option D is correct, verbal undocumented changes, poses maximum potential threat to a project.
You are a Project Manager of a highly visible and critical project in your company. This project was initiated with much fanfare, and you have some of the best technical experts as a part of the project team. You are in the process planning and detailing the scope of the project when you hear the project is being terminated. What could be the MOST likely cause? A) The senior management didn't approve the project charter B) The project team didn't have required technical expertise C) The project sponsor failed to support the project D) The project contract was not signed off by the customer
Use POE: Since the project is already initiated and is in the planning stage options A, and D can't be true. There is no evidence to believe option B, and the most probable explanation could be the failure to support the project by the sponsor. The term sponsor, by definition, suggests a financial responsibility. This sponsor is thought to "own" the project and is considered responsible for ensuring its success. The sponsor is also typically the one who proposes the project in the first place, whose business unit reaps its benefits.
As a Project Manager, you are working with your team to explore alternatives to decrease project cost without compromising on performance or scope of the project. Which of the following techniques are you most probably using? a) Benchmarking b) Reverse Engineering c) Process Analysis d) Value Analysis
Value analysis is also referred to as value management or value methodology (VM). It requires the systematic approach to identify project functions and assign values to those functions to get the functions at lowest overall cost without loss of performance.