Skeletal System Homework

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The elbow is classified as __________

a hinge joint

Axial or Appendicular: Coxal bone

appendicular

The skull, vertebral column, and thoracic cage

axial skeleton

The wrist bones are actually ___________

carpals

Which of these bones articulates with the acetabulum of the coxal bone?

femur

Ankle joint

hinge joint

What type of joint is found between the atlas and the dens of the axis?

pivot

Julie fell off her horse and dislocated her right shoulder. The primary treatment to resolve this injury is ___________________

reduction

Which bones form the shoulder joint?

scapula and humerus

How many true ribs do humans have?

seven

Cube-shaped bones that contain mostly spongy bone

short bones

In adults, the function of yellow marrow is to __________

store adipose tissue

Immovable joints are functionally classified as ________________

synarthroses

The shin bone is called the

tibia

Two or bones meet at a location called ________

an articulation (joint)

The broken bone is exposed to the outside

an open, or compound, fracture

Each complex of central canal and matrix rings in compact bone is known as _____________

an osteon (Haversian System)

Axial or Appendicular: Femur

appendicular

Axial or Appendicular: Fibula

appendicular

Axial or Appendicular: Phalanges

appendicular

Axial or Appendicular: Tarsals

appendicular

Axial or Appendicular: Ulna

appendicular

What type of tissue covers the epiphysis of bones and reduces friction in the joints?

articular cartilage

Axial or Appendicular: Atlas

axial

Axial or Appendicular: Parietal bone

axial

Axial or Appendicular: Sternum

axial

Axial or Appendicular: True Ribs

axial

Shoulder joint

ball-and-socket joint

Hematopoiesis

blood cell formation

What is the function of red bone marrow?

blood cell formation

The canal that runs through the core of each osteon (Haversian System) contains ____________

blood vessels and nerve fibers

The presence of an epiphyseal plate indicates that _________

bone length is increasing

Small canals that connect osteocytes in their lacunae to the central canal

canaliculi

Small channels that radiate through the matrix of compact bone

canaliculi

This allows nutrients to diffuse from the central canal to all the osteocytes within the osteon

canaliculi

What type of vertebrae have openings in their transverse processes that guide the vertebral arteries up toward the brain?

cervical

Which spinal curvature develops as an infant begins to hold up his or her head?

cervical

The tailbone is the

coccyx

Which of these is responsible for the flexibility of bone?

collagen

A bone fracture where the bone is broken into many fragments

comminuted fracture

A fracture that is common in osteoporotic bones

compression fracture

Knuckle joints

condylar joint

Area where bone growth takes place in a long bone

epiphyseal plate

What term refers to the end of a long bone?

epiphysis

T/F: A closed, or simple, fracture is one that penetrates through the skin's surface

false

T/F: A newborn baby has an S-shaped curvature known as a primary curvature

false

T/F: Articular cartilage covers the diaphysis of long bones

false

T/F: The last two pairs of ribs are called true ribs because they have no anterior attachments

false

The fibrous connections between the bones of a fetal skull

fontanels

What kind of tissue is the forerunner of long bones in the embryo?

hyaline cartilage

Which bones form the palm of the hand?

metacarpal bones

Which of these bones is associated with the hand?

metacarpals

Cells that can build bony matrix

osteoblasts

Cells that can dissolve the bony matrix

osteoclasts

The bone cells that respond to parathyroid hormone (PTH) to destroy bone matrix and release calcium into blood

osteoclasts

What type of bone cell is primarily active when bone growth occurs?

osteocyte

The arrangement of bone tissue consists of

osteons (Haversian System)

Which of these bones is most susceptible to fractures?

osteoporotic bones

Joint between atlas and axis

pivot joint

Wrist joint

plane joint

What causes the pain associated with herniated discs?

pressure on spinal nerves by the protruding discs

Which of these is the function of the skeletal system?

storage site for calcium

How is the ball-and-socket joint classified?

synovial joint

Ossification

the process of bone formation

T/F: Hematopoiesis refers to the formation of blood cells within the red marrow cavities of certain bones

true

T/F: In anatomical position, the lateral lower leg bone is the fibula

true

T/F: The intervertebral discs that cushion the spine and absorb shock are composed of fibrocartilage

true

T/F: The teeth are anchored in the maxillary bones and the mandible

true

T/F: There are seven cervical, twelve thoracic, and five lumbar vertebrae

true

Which of these bone markings is a projection that serves as a site for muscle or ligament attachments?

tubercule

Which two bones constitute the forearm?

ulna and radius

What bones protect the spinal cord?

vertebrae

Where does hematopoiesis occur?

marrow cavity

What is the region of the coxal bone that bears most of the body weight when a person is sitting?

ischial tuberosity

The small cavities in bone tissue where osteocytes are found

lacunae

Layers or rings of calcification that are found in compact bone

lamellae

The hyoid bone is unique because it ________

largely consists of cartilage

The femur, tibia, humerus, and radius are classified as

long bones

Miguel had an abnormal forward curvature in the lumbar region, resulting in a swaybacked posture, Miguel has __________

lordosis


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