Skills - Pharmacology HESI Quiz
An adult male arrives in the clinic requesting a prescription for sildenafil (Viagra). Which client history should the practical nurse (PN) report to the healthcare provider? *Hypogonadism *Fluid retention *The use of nitrates *Benign prostatic hypertrophy
The use of nitrates
What assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to initiating medication therapy with phenelzine (Nardil) for a client with depression? *Activity level *Mood and affect *Understanding of diet modification *The client's support system
Understanding of diet modification
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who has been taking prednisone (Deltasone) daily for a year. Which adverse effect should the PN document in the client's record? *Photosensitvity *Weight gain *Loss of hair *Pale skin color
Weight gain
The practical nurse (PN) should recommend that o ral contraceptives be avoided in which group of women? *Women who smoke *Multigravidous women *Monogamous women *Women with an intrauterine device
Women who smoke
Which International Normalized Ratio (INR) value indicates that warfarin (Coumadin) therapy is at a therapeutic range? 1.0 to 2.0 2.1 to 3.0 3.1 to 4.0 4.1 to 5.0
2.1 TO 3.0
Dietary trays usually arrive on the hospital unit at 7:30 AM. When should the practical nurse (PN) plan to administer NPH insulin 40 units subcutaneously to a client with diabetes mellitus? 6:30 and 7:00 AM 7:00 and 7:30 AM 7:30 and 8:00 AM 8:00 and 8:30 AM
6:30 and 7:00 AM
A client who is transferred to the cardiac rehabilitation unit after a myocardial infarction is ready for discharge with a new prescription for metoprolol (Lopressor). The client asks, "I don't have high blood pressure, so why did my healthcare provider give me this medicine?" What information should the practical nurse (PN) provide? *Anticoagulation is the most important action of metoprolol *Beta-blockers are routinely prescribed after heart damage *Heart failure is prevented as a complication while healing *A slower heart rate reduces the heart's oxygen demand
A slower heart rate reduces the heart's oxygen demand
Which client statement indicates to the practical nurse (PN) that a client understands discharge instructions about a new prescription for digoxin (Lanoxin)? "I should double the dose if one is missed." "I will take my pulse for one-minute every day." "I should take an antacid to minimize stomach upset." "I will alternate my dose between morning and afternoon."
"I will take my pulse for one-minute every day."
Which information should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce with a client who is self-administering insulin injections? *Shake the vial of insulin to mix the contents before administration *Store opened vials of insulin in a refrigerator no more than 30 days *Use a different syringe to prepare and inject each type of insulin *Aspirate regular insulin in the syringe first when mixing insulins
Aspirate regular insulin in the syringe first when mixing insulins
The practical nurse (PN) observes a thick white-coating on the tongue of a client who takes fluphenazine (Prolixin). What instructions should the PN reinforce with the client about this medication? *No treatment is needed as the coating should subside in a couple of weeks *Attempt to stop smoking if the white coating on your tongue persists *If you taking any inhalants, wash the mouthpiece after each use *Brush your teeth and tongue, floss, gargle, and notify the healthcare provider
Brush your teeth and tongue, floss, gargle, and notify the healthcare provider.
The practical nurse (PN) discusses antihypertensive drug therapy with several clients diagnosed with high blood pressure. To improve client understanding, the PN should emphasize that which medication preserves renal function in a client with diabetes? *Verapamil (Calan) *Captopril (Capoten) *Clonidine (Catapres) *Nifedipine (Procardia)
Captopril (Capoten)
A client receives a prescription for an oral opioid analgesic for post-operative pain. Which adverse effect should the practical nurse (PN) monitor for in the client? *Constipation *Photosensitivity *Decreased heart rate *Frequent urination
Constipation
The healthcare provider prescribes an antibiotic for a male adolescent with an upper respiratory tract infection, who asks the practical nurse (PN) how long the prescribed antibiotics should be taken. What information should the PN provide? *Continue the medication until all of the prescription is taken *Use the medication for 24 hours after the cough subsides *Stop the medication when the temperature returns to normal *Take any remaining capsules if the infection occurs again
Continue the medication until all of the prescription is taken
The practical nurse (PN) administers isoproterenol (Isuprel) to a client with heart block. The PN should evaluate the client for which physiological response? *Thirst and dry mucous membranes *Decrease in gastric motility *Increased heart rate *Bronchoconstriction
Increased heart rate
The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing teaching for a client who is receiving diltiazem (Cardizem), a calcium channel blocker. Which drug action should the practical nurse explain? *Increased force of contraction *Decreased rate of contraction *Decreased peripheral resistance *Increased speed of conduction
Decreased rate of contraction
Which therapeutic action should the practical nurse (PN) base an explanation to a client who is receiving a cardiac glycoside? *Decrease cardiac output *Increased renal perfusion *Decreased rate of contraction *Increased blood volume
Decreased rate of contraction
The healthcare provider prescribes cycloplegic and mydriatic ophthalmic drops for a client who is having a cataract removal. What explanation about the drug actions should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client? *Reduces intraocular pressure *Relieves eye pain *Treats conjunctivitis *Dilates the pupil
Dilates the pupil
A male client diagnosed with tuberculosis asks the practical nurse (PN) about his course of drug therapy. Which information should the PN provide? *Drug therapy requires compliance for 6 to 12 months *Medication is stopped when clinical symptoms subside *To prevent reactivation, drug therapy is maintained for life *To prevent resistance and side effects, drugs are changed
Drug therapy requires compliance for 6 to 12 months
An older adult client receives a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), a thiazide diuretic for the treatment of heart failure. Which side effect(s) should the practical nurse reinforce with the client? (Select all that apply.) Constipation Fatigue Edema Nausea Dehydration Blurred vision
Fatigue & Dehydration
The practical nurse (PN) is caring for a client who is receiving dexamethasone (Decadron) after abdominal surgery. Which finding should the PN report to the charge nurse? *Weight loss *Impaired healing *Bradycardia *Hyperkalemia
Impaired healing
An older client who takes risperidone (Risperdal), an antipsychotic, is complaining of constipation. Which dietary changes should the practical nurse (PN) recommend? *Increase daily green vegetables and bran *Take a laxative and stool softener daily *Eat liver and turnips once a week *Use a retention enema every four days
Increase daily green vegetables and bran
A client's tissue culture results indicate the wound is infected with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). What action should the practical nurse (PN) implement first? *Provide sterile wound care as prescribed *Give the first dose of Vancomycin (Vancocin) *Implement contact isolation precautions *Document wound site appearance and drainage
Implement contact isolation precautions
A client with Parkinson's disease has been taking antiparkinsonian medications for 3 months. Which client finding should the practical nurse (PN) identify as a therapeutic response? *Decreased appetite *Gradual development of cogwheel rigidity *Occurrence of confusion *Improved ability to perform activities
Improved ability to perform activities
A client who has been taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium) for symptoms of urethritis and cystitis comes to the clinic because her urine is reddish-orange. Which question should the practical nurse ask to determine if the medication has been effective? *How much water have you been drinking each day? *Does the urine color stain your toilet bowel or undergarments? *Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency? *Did your urine appear cloudy or have a foul odor on voiding?
Have you had any relief from urinary pain, burning, or urgency?
Which adverse effect should the practical nurse monitor for in a client who is taking amikacin (Amikin)? *Irritability *Constipation *Hearing loss *Insomnia
Hearing loss
A female client with recurring headaches tells the practical nurse (PN) that she has been taking at least 4 grams of acetaminophen a day. Which laboratory studies should the PN review for this client? *Creatinine clearance *Hepatic enzymes *Coagulation values *Arterial blood gases
Hepatic enzymes
The practical nurse (PN) is reviewing the discharge plan for a client with mania who is receiving lithium carbonate (Eskalith). To achieve a stable serum level, which information should the PN reinforce with the client? *How to inject this drug *When to increase the dosage *When to stop using this drug *How to recognize symptoms of toxicity
How to recognize symptoms of toxicity
A client who is receiving an antibiotic suddenly develops hives. The practical nurse should report that the client is most likely experiencing which type of drug response? *Adverse response *Hypersensitivity reaction *Idiosyncratic reaction *Multiple drug interaction
Hypersensitivity reaction
A client receives a prescription for c lotrimazole 1% (Gyne-Lotrimin ) vaginal cream for Candidiasis. Which information should the practical nurse provide the client? *Discontinue medication if menstruation begins *Instill cream using the intravaginal applicator each night for 7 days *Use daily douching as part of the treatment for vaginal yeast infections *Abstain from sexual intercourse until treatment is completed
Instill cream using the intravaginal applicator each night for 7 days
A client with type 1 diabetes mellitus received an early AM dose of regular insulin per sliding scale. At 1000, the practical nurse (PN) should report which signs indicative of hypoglycemia? *Urticaria and rash *Nausea and diarrhea *Irritability and confusion *Fruity, acetone odor to the breath
Irritability and confusion
The practical nurse (PN) should emphasize the importance of monitoring for which side effect(s) in a client who takes a daily antilipemic agent? *Photosensitivity *Liver dysfunction *Upper respiratory infections (URI) *Water soluble vitamin deficiencies
Liver dysfunction
A client who is comatose is admitted after an overdose of baclofen (Lioresal). What nursing action should the practical nurse (PN) implement? *Provide continuous telemetry monitoring *Monitor for signs of respiratory arrest *Administer prescribed naloxone (Narcan) *Keep a dose of diazepam at the bedside
Monitor for signs of respiratory arrest
The practical nurse (PN) is unable to arouse a client who is receiving meperidine (Demerol) for postoperative pain. The client is stuporous, has constricted pupils, and a respiratory rate of 8 breaths/minute. Which PRN prescription should the PN give the client? *Naloxone (Narcan) *Promethazine (Phenergan) *Metoclopramide (Reglan) *Bethanechol (Urecholine)
Naloxone(Narcan)
The healthcare provider prescribes celecoxib (Celebrex), a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID), for a client with osteoarthritis. Which finding in the client's history should the practical nurse (PN) report? *Gout *Hypertension *Diabetes mellitus *Peptic-ulcer disease
Peptic-ulcer disease
Which action should the practical nurse implement when administering a buccal medication? *Encourage the client to swallow *Administer water with medication *Ensure the medication is positioned under the tongue *Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek
Place the medication between the upper molar teeth and cheek
A client who returns from surgery for bowel resection complains of severe pain around the incision. Which assessment is most important for the practical nurse (PN) to obtain prior to the administration of morphine sulfate? *Rate of respirations *Core temperature *Appearance of the incision *Presence of bowel sounds
Rate of respirations
A client with tuberculosis (TB) asks the practical nurse (PN) the value of prescribed multidrug therapy is prescribed. What explanation should the PN provide? *Required to eradicate TB *Enhances the effect of each drug *Provides a faster effect than single drug therapy *Reduces development of TB resistant drugs
Reduces development of TB resistant drugs
A male client who is hypertensive is starting a new prescription for clonidine (Catapress) 0.4 mg PO daily. In reviewing common side effects, what information should the practical nurse (PN) provide the client? *Report problems with sexual function *Monitor respirations on a daily basis *Increased libido may be experienced *Weight gain may indicate fluid retention
Report problems with sexual function
A male client who has been receiving an antineoplastic drug has developed thrombocytopenia. What instructions should the practical nurse (PN) reinforce? *Use suppository form of drugs *Avoid large public gatherings *Rise slowly when standing up *Shave with an electric razor
Shave with an electric razor
A client receives a prescription for nystatin (Mycostatin) oral suspension for the treatment of oral thrush. Which information should the practical nurse (PN) provide? *Take on an empty stomach. *Mix the suspension with water. *Swish then swallow the medication. *Keep in the refrigerator.
Swish then swallow the medication
The practical nurse (PN) is reinforcing information to a client about the use of an antiemetic to help manage nausea and vomiting during a course of chemotherapy. Which information is most important for the PN to provide? *Eat small amounts of food, such as crackers, to soothe the stomach lining *Drink any palatable liquid as tolerated when nauseated *Ensure safety by taking at bedtime if drowsiness occurs *Take at least 30 minutes before a chemotherapeutic agent is received
Take at least 30 minutes before a chemotherapeutic agent is received
The practical nurse (PN) should reinforce what time frame with a client about self-administration of lispro insulin (Humalog)? *Take after a meal is completed *Take once daily at the midday meal *Take within 15 minutes of beginning a meal *Take only before bedtime with an evening snack
Take within 15 minutes of beginning a meal
A 35-week gestation primigravida who takes lithium (Eskalith) tells the practical nurse (PN) that she would like to breastfeed her infant. What information should the PN provide to the client? *The medication does not cross the placental barrier *Mood swings will occur if lithium is discontinued *Breast milk should be discarded after each oral dose of lithium *The drug is excreted in breast milk so use formula to feed the infant
The drug is excreted in breast milk so use formula to feed the infant
Which information should the practical nurse (PN) provide a client who receives a new prescription for a benzodiazepine medication? *A list of foods to avoid while taking this prescription *Symptoms that indicate increasing the dose of medication *The interactions of alcohol consumption and CNS depressant drugs *Explanations that support taking a work absence during drug therapy
The interactions of alcohol consumption and CNS depressant drugs
