Sleep and Health

Social Patterning of Sleep

3 most prevalent sleep patterns -Sleep Duration -Sleep Apnea (5-10%, most diagnosed in women) -Insomnia Social patterning of sleep falls along lines of social demographic disadvantage Disparities of sleep are a result of social justice and public health policies Sleep deprivation and sleep disorders are mechanism which disparities emerge and persist

Sleep Health

New objective for Healthy People 2020 Goal: to increase public knowledge of how adequate sleep and treatment of sleep disorders improve health, productivity, wellness, quality of life, and safety on roads and workplaces Overview: -25% of US adults report insufficient sleep or rest at least 15/30 days -Chronic sleep loss and sleep disorders is a possible health burden

Sleep Debt

Total sleep lost when you routinely lose sleep or choose to sleep less than needed

Females

_____ with symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea are more likely to seek medical evaluation than males (35%)

Drowsy Driving

Approximately 2.9/100 million vehicle miles traveled in 2015 involved drowsy driving -Target is 2.1 by 2020 Possible explanations? -Lack of health care professional having to work longer hours

Student Sleep

Approximately 31% of students in grades 9-12 got sufficient sleep (8 or mote hours) on an average school night -Goal for 2020 is 33.1% Approximately 7-19% of adults in US reported getting enough rest of sleep everyday

Importance

Critical determinant of health and well-being similar to nutrition and PA Basic requirements for infant, child, and adolescent health, and development Sleep loss and untreated sleep disorders influence patterns of behavior that negatively affects family health and interpersonal relationships (sleep apnea, insomnia) Fatigue and sleepiness can reduce productivity and lead to errors, injuries, and even death

Why We Need Adequate Sleep

Fight off infection Support the metabolism of sugar to prevent diabetes Sleep helps your brain work properly Perform well in school Work effectively and safely Chronic short sleep is linked to heart disease, high BP, obesity, diabetes, depression, and stroke

Autonomy

Framed conceptually of substantive life projects -Projects that one's are committed to and not attainable by appeal to simple behaviors The social characteristics that are associated with good health are positively associated with both higher quality sleep and healthy sleep durations -Loss of autonomy are who have more extreme bedtimes and wake times Pathways through which social factors produce suboptimal sleep outcomes more strongly imply a unidirectional and non-voluntary causality than some other health behaviors -Sleep should be viewed as a consequence of something other than a chioce

Philadelphia Health Management Corporation

Sleep -Ask on scale of 1 to 5 Socioeconomic factors -Income status -Medicaid insurance status (low income) -Educational level -Employment status Results -Minority groups had worse overall sleep quality than Whites -But, when examining poor subjects, it was observed that impoverished Whites had worse sleep than corresponding impoverished minority groups -Factors such as employment, education and health status, amongst other covariates, significantly mediated this effect only in poor individuals, but not in individuals above the poverty line

Sleep Dreprivation

Sleep at the wrong time of day You don't sleep well or get all the different types of sleep that your body needs You have a sleep disorder that prevents you from getting enough sleep or cause poor quality sleep

Treat Source

Sleep hygiene tips are just "quick fixes" but don't address the underlying sources of sleep problems Disadvantages people lack the resources - thus making health disparities worse Root cause of low-quality sleep is individual autonomy and control over one's life