Social Exclusion

Social exclusion

"a process by which certain groups are systematically disadvantaged because they are discriminated against on the basis of their ethnicity, race, religion, sexual orientation, caste, descent, gender, age, disability, HIV status,migrant status or where they live.

Ethnicity and culture

As with race, the literature on ethnicity and exclusion notes that ethnic differences can result in reduced access to and accumulation of assets and goods, and that exclusion can affect the return on those assets in the labour market.

Migration

Can act both as a way of moving out of poverty, and a cause of social exclusion.

Disability

Disabled people often have limited access to education, employment, and public services. Some of the barriers to their inclusion are physical, such as inaccessible buildings and transport; institutional, such as discriminatory legislation; and attitudinal.

Exclusion and identity

Discrimination of social actitudes, relion, traditions or cultural practies.

Gender

Is based in the discriminate in the society for the sex of the people.

Youth and children

Is the disadvantange for the age of the youths.

Economic exclusion

Is the distribution of resources based in the accumulation of of wealthis unequal pocess, and this are based for education and unequali oportunities.

Race

Is the unequality access to schooling, formal sector jobs and remuneration.

Exclusion, rights and citizenship

It based in the discrimination because a group of people recibe rights and other dont recive.

Spatial factors

Spatial inequalities include disparities between rural and urban areas, and also between geographically advantaged and disadvantaged areas.

Religion

The first is the denial of the right to practise one's religion freely or at least equally. The second is the exclusion of people from the wider legal, economic and political rights available more generally on the grounds of their religion or religious identity.

HIV/AIDS

The stigma associated with the infection also means that in many countries people living with HIV and AIDS are likely to be socially excluded.

Old age

the intersection of old age with other categories such as gender, ethnicity, and disability, can result in discrimination against, and the marginalisation of, older people. They can face multidimensional disadvantages including lack of assets, isolation and physical infirmity.