Social Psychology Chapter 4, 5 and 6

Which factor does not contribute to the outgroup homogeneity effect?

Ingroup members accurately perceive the lack of diversity within the outgroup.

Research on stereotype threat suggests that underperformance by African Americans in academic settings may be due to

a fear of confirming negative stereotypes of African Americans.

According to social identity theory, people display ingroup favoritism

as a means of increasing self-esteem.

Which psychological process best explains why it is that people sometimes react to news of a natural disaster or violent crime with something less than full sympathy on behalf of the victims? ​

belief in a just world

Stereotypes differ from prejudice and discrimination in that stereotypes concern

beliefs or associations about a social group.

Affectionate feelings toward women based on the belief that women need protection are referred to as ____ sexism.

benevolent

The finding that people's initial impressions of someone affect their interpretation of subsequent information about that person is most consistent with the​

change-of-meaning hypothesis.

Stereotypes appear to bias perceptions

even when we do not endorse them.

Social categorization is advantageous because it

frees up cognitive resources.

You hear Tiger Woods doing a radio commercial for Buick. Even though you know that Woods did not write the commercial himself, was paid to provide the voice-over for the commercial, and probably does not drive a Buick in real life, you still think that at some level, Woods must think highly of Buicks. This is an example of the​

fundamental attribution error.

A meta-analysis conducted by Elfenbein and Ambady (2002) found that the emotion that is most accurately perceived by people all over the world based on facial expressions is ​

happiness.

The Jets and the Sharks are two groups of local youths who regularly—and belligerently—compete against each other. The Robbers Cave experiment would suggest that one way of healing the rift between these groups is to

have them work together on a goal that requires cooperative efforts.

According to the covariation principle, a situational attribution is most likely to result when consistency is ____, consensus is ____, and distinctiveness is ____.​

high; high; high

Negative and resentful feelings directed at women's abilities, values, and ability to challenge the power of men are referred to as ____ sexism.

hostile

Racism that operates unconsciously and unintentionally is called ____ racism.

implicit

While on an airplane, John completes a crossword puzzle in which interrupt, rude, and blunt are all answers. After landing, John gets in line to speak to someone at the ticket counter, but the ticket agent does not notice him because he is too busy talking with another employee. Research on priming suggests that John will be likely to ​

interrupt the ticket agent, whom he judges to be quite rude.

A confirmation bias refers to people's tendency to​

seek, interpret, and create information that verifies existing beliefs.

The process by which one's expectations about a person eventually lead that person to behave in ways that confirm those expectations is called a ​

self-fulfilling prophecy.

All of the following are mechanisms that perpetuate stereotypes except

the jigsaw classroom.

Based on Ekman and O'Sullivan's (1991) research, who would be the most likely to accurately detect when another individual was lying?​

​a U.S. Secret Service agent

According to correspondent inference theory, correspondent inferences are most likely to occur when a person's behavior is​

​freely chosen, unexpected, and results in few desirable outcomes.