Social Studies Module 26-27

Mohenjo-Daro

- A large settlement along the Indus River

caste system

- The division of Indian society into groups based on birth or occupation

Sanskrit

- The most important language of Ancient India

Guardwaras

A Sikh place of worship

gurdwaras

A Sikh place of worship

delta

A landform at the mouthof a river created by sediment deposits

Harappa

A large settlement along the Indus River

Mohenjo-Daro

A large settlement along the Indus River

Alloys

A mixture of two or more metals

Delhi

A powerful kingdom in Northern India

Buddhism

A religion based on the teachings of the Buddahy that developed in India in the 500s BC

Sikhism

A religion native to India that embraces equality for all, belief in one God, service to humanity, and honest labor.

Indus River

A river in Pakitan that creates a fertile plain.

Ganges River

A river that flows across northern India and into Bangladesh.

Indus River

A river that is home to two major civilizations

monsoons

A seasonal wind that brings either dry or moist air

Langar

A sikh community kitchen

Sherpas

An ethnic group from the mopuntains in Nepal

How are Buddhist teachings different from Hindu teachings?

Buddism does not accept the caste system.

Mercenaries

Hired soldiers

How was civilization during the Vedic period different from the Harappan civilization?

In the Verdic period, there were more rules and restrictions, as well as a more organized class structure with leaders. They also had different environments.

Inoculation

Injecting a person with a small dose of a virus to help him or her build up defenses to a disease

What are the four main teachings of Jainism?

Injure no life, tell the truth, do not steal, and own no property are the four main teachings of Jainism.

How did Sikhism begin, and how has it been passed down through generations?

It began around 1480 and was taught by Nanak who disagreed with the Hindou teachings. It has passed down through generations through the eternal gurus who continue the teachings.

Edicts

Laws

Kolkata (Calcutta)

One of India's most populous cities

Mumbai (Bombay)

One of India's most populous cities

missionaries

People who work to spread their religious beliefs

Why do you think people are still interested in ancient Sanskrit epics today?

Possibly becuase they are interesting stories which give a lesson throughout the story.

Langar

Sikh community kitchen

Caste sytem

The division of Indian society into groups based on birth or occupation

Karma

The effects that good or bad actions have on a person's soul

Meditation

The focusing of the mind on spiritual things

Mount Everest

The highest mountain on the planet.

Urbanization

The increase in the percentage of people living in cities

Hinduism

The main religion of India; it teachesthat everything is part of a universal spirit called Brahman

Hindu-Arabic numerals

The number system we use today

Inoculation

The process of injecting a person with a small dose of a virus to help them build a defense to the disease

Reincarnation

The rebirth of a soul in a new body

Metallurgy

The science of working with metal

Metallurgy

The science of working with metals

Nirvana

The state of perfect peace

List and explain the Four Noble Truths of Buddhism.

The truth of suffering/stress (dukkah), the truth of the case of suffering/stress (Samudaya), the truth of the end of suffering/stress (nirhodha), the truth of the path that frees from suffering/stress (magga).

How was Harappan civilization similar to Sumerian civilization?

They both depended on the river for farming and agriculture. They were both highly populated.

How were the rulers Chandragupta Maurya and Chandra Gupta I alike, and how were they different?

They both ran a complex and bureautocratic government. Chandragupta required farmers to have heavy tax pay. Chandra Gupta focused on great works or art and literature. They both also believed in the caste system.

How does Hinduism reinforce good behavior and social order?

They enforce non violence, and the belief of Karma. They also encourage yoga and meditation.

What are the three duties referred to in Sikh philosophy?

To pray, work, and give

Subcontinent

a large landmass that is smaller than a continent

green revolution

a program that encouraged farmers to adopt modern agricultural methods to produce more food.

Nirvana

a state of perfect peace

Colony

a territory inhabited and controlled by people from a foreign land

Jainism

an ancient religion begun in India that teaches nonviolence as a way of life and that all living things should be valued.

Partition

division

Fasting

going without food

Fasting

going without food for a period of time

Reincarnation

he process of birth, death, and rebirth of the soul

Mercenaries

hired soldiers

Alloys

mixtures of two or more metals

Missionaries

people who work to spread their religious beliefs

Nonviolence

the avoidance of violent actions

caste system

the division of Indian society into groups based on birth or occupation.

Karma

the effects that good or bad actions have on a person's soul

Meditation

the focusing of the mind on spiritual ideas

Sanskirt

the most important language of ancient India

Hindu-Arabic numerals

the number system we use today