Social Work Exam #1 Review

Administration

Helping groups with relationships

Researcher

How to help that practice

Systems Model of Behavior

Human behavior has too many influences/resources (internal and external)

Mary Richmond

Charity of organization of society, for individualized by case intervention in needs of families or clients casework

Liberalism versus Conservatism

Conservatism tends not to question tradition whereas liberalism constantly seeks change and enlightenment

Functions of Poverty

Contributes to overall order and stability in society; fills unskilled and dangerous occupations, provide low-cost labor for major industries, serve the affluent, volunteer for drug trial test, sustain organizations and employees serving the poor, purchase products that would would otherwise be discarded

CSWE

Council on Social Work Education

Charity Organization Societies

Created by Josephine Shaw Lowell, took a scientific approach to aiding poor, interested in controlling the poor but failed to convert them to middle class Victorian values

Jane Addams

Created settlement houses (hall house); her way of helping is changing the environment, making community safer

Diversity

Differences within a group

War on Poverty (unofficial name for legislation)

First introduced by President Lyndon B. Johnson's; program in the 1960's to provide greater social services for the poor and elderly

Micro

Focuses working one-on-one with an individual (Individual counseling)

The goal of social welfare is best described as _____.

Fulfilling the social, financial, health, and recreational requirements of all individuals in a society

Mediator

One who resolves arguments or disagreements among individual, family, group, organizational, or community systems in conflict

Negotiater

One who serves as an intermediary to settle disputes, but clearly takes the side of one of the parties involved

Great Society

President Johnson called his version of the Democratic reform program the Great Society. In 1965, Congress passed many Great Society measures, including Medicare, civil rights legislation, and federal aid to education.

Medical Model of Behavior

Presumptions (strong: causes of problems within the person -In need of an expert to make a diagnosis -Role of the patient is to passively do what the expert says

The purpose of social welfare agencies is best described as _____.

Preventing, alleviating, or contributing to the solutions of recognized social problems

Public Assistance Programs

Public assistance refers to assistance programs that provide either cash assistance or in-kind benefits to individuals and families from any governmental entity. There are two major types of public assistance programs; social welfare programs and social insurance programs. Ex: Provide detox and addiction treatment services include public behavioral healthcare programs run or funded by state and federal funds, such as those operated through grant programs, and Medicaid.

Group Work

Raising awareness/ consciousness (no target) (Facilitates intellectual, emotional and social development of individuals)

Reform versus therapy approach to helping

Reform: Make changes in (something, typically a social, political, or economic institution or practice) in order to improve it Therapy: Working with the client so they have a say

What CANNOT social workers be on the job?

Religious

Under the __________ of social welfare, there is often a stigma associated with the receipt of services.

Residual view

The overlap between politics and social welfare primarily involves _____.

Securing funding

Community Organization

Set of procedures and processes by which a population and its institutions mobilize and coordinate resources to solve a mutual problem or to pursue mutual goals on behalf of community engagements

The idea that the strong (the wealthy) survive because they are superior, whereas the weak (the needy) deserve to perish and should not be helped to survive is fundamental to _____.

Social Darwinism

Which service is included in Kahn's "maintenance" services category?

Social Security

Which discipline is best described as the study of human social behavior, especially the study of the origins, organizations, institutions, and development of human society?

Sociology

Advocate

Speaks on behalf of a group that has been marginalizaed (pushed to side)

Public Speaker

Talk to groups to inform them of available services or argue the need for new services.

Relative Poverty

The cost of living in your community

Macro

Working with communities, administration, or policy (Advocating for changes in laws)

Is Medicaid public assistance?

Yes

Liberal

"Blaming the victim"

Navigator

"Don't get too overwhelmed or stressed, I'm here to help!"

Conservation

"Won't work due to getting benefits"

Skills for social worker

Ability to maintain relationships, reproductive relationships, being able to understand group dynamics, to use research knowing role to clients, and can be friendly but not friends.

Goal of Generalist Practice

Address problematic interactions between people and their environments

Some of the youth seen at a shelter will never return to their homes, and these youth often lack basic knowledge and skills such as how to fill out a job application and how to act during a job interview. The group that the shelter provides to address these needs is best categorized as a(n) _________.

Educational Group

Case Management

Emphasizes broker rule (connects people/groups) (Needs assessment and arranging and coordinating needed services)

Social Casework

Individual problem-solving of specific goals (direct responsibility to client) -Micro practice

5 skills to make problem solving improve

Individual, family, small group, organizations, community

What two women represents social work?

Jane Adams and Mary Richmond

Temporary Assistance for Needy Families (TANF)

Largest public assistance, replaced aid to families with dependent children, community service or vocational training

The developmental view of social welfare has its roots in the development of _____.

Less-developed nations

Who was responsible for taking care of poor people?

Local towns; so they taxed

Social Insurance

Medicare

Values

Norms or principles that all or most people in society believe to be important

Educator

One who gives information and teaches skills to others

Group Facilitator

One who guides a group experience

Mobilizer

One who identifies and convenes community members and resources to identify unmet community needs and effect changes for the better in their community

A program meant to combat poverty may focus on ________.

Communities

People who were deserving

Given money, taken care of, needs taken care of; widows, old, children, disabilities

According to Knopf, the _____ is a covert warrior who tells others, including clients, politicians, and the news media, about how terrible the system is.

Gossip

According to Lewis Losoncy, an encouraging person _____.

Has complete acceptance for the discouraged individual as he or she is

In the United States, wealth is generally ______.

Inherited

T/F: Poverty is dysfunctional for impoverished individuals but, in some ways, beneficial to society.

T

Who was Mary Richmond?

-"COS": Charity Organization Society -People had to "qualify" (meet certain needs) -Individual assessment/intervention into the particular needs of families/ individuals -Developed social casework (micro practice) -Wrote social diagnosis

Person-in-environment view of behavior

-Ecological Perspective -Systems chart in notes **Educational system **Family system **Social service system **Political system **Employment system **Religious system **Goods & services system

Empowerment

-Enhance capacity, sense of control, advocacy -Positive reinforcement

Problem-solving approach

-Follow the stages -Engagement, assessment, collecting info, planning, intervention, evaluation

Examples of social welfare programs and services

-Foster care -Adoption -Day-care -Probation -Services to veterans -Meal on wheel(s)

Who was Jane Addams?

-Founded the Hull House (settlement houses) in Chicago which were dedicated to helping the poor -Target is everyone (macro practice) -Environment reform -Banking literacy -Safer environment

3 qualities of a therapeutic relationship

-Honesty -Warmth/unconditional positive regard -Empathy

Measures of Poverty

-Income (not individual level) -Absolute poverty vs. relative poverty -Poverty line/threshold/index -Means testing -Poverty guidelines -Vary from state to state

Causes of Poverty

-Individual -Structural -Culture of poverty arguments

SW Target Systems

-Individuals -Families -Small groups -Organizations -Communities

System Theory

-Input, Output, Feedback, Content -Interactions among micro, mezzo, macro

NASW

-National Association of Social Workers- established in 1955 -Network of resources

Healthy Meals for Healthy Americans

-Originally known as WIC -Women and their children at nutritional risk -Vouchers to use at authorized food stores (federal assistance: women and children at nutritional risks)

Institutional View of Social Welfare

-Prevention focus, the individual difficulty is the most important to solve, no stigma -Liberal -Education as free -Democratic political party

Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC)

-Program transferring to poor house-holds-wage supplement for people in low-wage jobs-administered by internal revenue service; federal assistance

Residual View of Social Welfare

-Services provided only when other systems fail (family, market economy), short term emergency based, the receiver has obligations -Conservative -Republican political party

Industrial Revolution

-The way we show our good character is through wealth -When succeeding- good people -When not succeeding- low people Spencer, survival of the fittest in society, people that knew how to succeed, would expand weak people would die out -Immigration (china came here due to the gold rush)

Mezzo/Meso

-Working with families or groups (support groups) Ex:) Case management, work, school

Goals of social work practice

1. Enhance problem-solving, coping and developmental capacities of people 2. Link people with systems that provide them with resources, opportunities and services 3. Promote the effectiveness and humane operation of systems that provide people with resources and services 4. Develop and improve social policy 5. Added by CSWE to promote human and a community of well being

Supplemental Security Income (SSI)

A federal program established to provide assistance to elderly persons and persons with disabilities

Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP)

A food and nutrition service that works with state agencies nutrition educators, and neighborhood and faith-based organizations to offer nutrition assistance to millions of eligible, low-income individuals and families and provides economics benefits to communities. (Known as food stamps, public, more than 40% live under poverty)

Social Welfare

A nation's system of programs, benefits, and services that help people meet those social, economic, educational, and health needs that are fundamental to the maintenance of society

The strengths perspective and empowerment

A person doesn't have to restart, but continue and do better, every single person has a strength, just need to find it and benefit from it

Social insurance programs

A set of insurance programs that are administered by a government. Just like private sector insurance, they provide benefits upon the occurrence of certain insured events. For example, unemployment insurance provides benefits if an insured person becomes unemployed. Additionally, just like private sector insurance programs, only citizens that contribute to a social insurance program are eligible to receive benefits from the program. Social insurance benefits are funded in the United States through payroll taxes. Ex: ?

The _____ approach to defining poverty holds that a certain amount of goods and services is essential to an individual's or family's welfare.

Absolute

Group Therapy

Addressing/irradicating problems (Facilitates the emotional, social and behavioral adjustment of individuals through the group process)

Which competency includes the statement that social workers understand that every person regardless of position in society has fundamental human rights such as freedom, safety, privacy, an adequate standard of living, health care, and education?

Advance Human Rights and Social, Economic, and Environmental Justice

Public Assistance

Aid, in the form of money, goods, or services, that a government provides to those in need (Not eligible to everyone, qualify to people who NEED it from income; needs testing (food stamps, Medicaid)

Income

Amount of money accumulated during a calendar year (January 1st-> $0.00) -Through paid jobs/wages

What is the statement that best describes the relationship between poverty and educational attainment?

Attainment of less than a 9th grade education is a good predictor of poverty

Ethics

Behaviors that correspond to respecting particular values

Gina is a clinical social worker at a hospital and assists the families of children who have been diagnosed with cancer by linking them with services and resources. Gina is functioning as a(n) _____.

Broker

Marta is a social worker in a large city who specializes working with elderly individuals who do not have local family members to assist them. She has primary responsibility for assessing the needs of her clients and for arranging and coordinating the necessary services and resources. Marta's work is best described as _____.

Case management

Mary Richmond's 1917 book Social Diagnosis laid out a framework for social work practice that is still in use today. The intervention process begins with _____.

Collecting information

An essential skill and role of a social worker working with individuals is _____.

Counseling

Vincent works for an agency located in a small city that has, over the past 35 years, lost the majority of its factories and other large employers of blue-collar workers. As a result, an entire generation has been raising their own families in conditions marked by high rates of unemployment for unskilled labor and low wages for those who are employed. The resulting economic deprivation has led to the development of despair and hopelessness. Multi-generational economic deprivation caused by high rates of unemployment and low wages for those who are employed coupled with despair and hopelessness characterize a(n) _____.

Culture of poverty

The focus of _____ groups is for members to acquire knowledge and learn more complex skills.

Education

Your aunt is not especially thrilled with your decision to become a social worker, which she sees as lacking both job opportunities and the potential for career development. What can you tell her about the social work profession?

Employment of social workers is growing at a rate that is faster than the average for all employment.

Richard is a social worker in an isolated rural area where it is not uncommon for him to have seen several generations of the same family. In his work, Richard seeks to help individuals, families and even the community increase their strengths so they can improve their circumstances. Richard is seeking to _____ his clients.

Empower

Suppose that Beth talks to her parents and they all meet with Ms. Chavez to discuss treatment options and select an option.If Ms. Chavez continues to follow the problem solving model after Beth has completed her treatment, she will find it essential to _________ the outcomes of treatment.

Evaluate

Ms. Chavez talks about possible treatment options for Beth and lists range of interventions from peer support groups to inpatient treatment. After identifying the possible treatment options, the next step is to _____.

Evaluate the options

The last step of the problem-solving model is _________.

Evaluating the intervention.

Ethnocentrism

Evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.

Democratic approaches to poverty at the time this video (about War on Poverty) was made focused on _____.

Extending long-term unemployment benefits

True/False: An educational group is run by a licensed therapist, who focuses on youth with severe psychiatric disorders such as bipolar, schizophrenia, or major depression, and helps members explore their problems in depth and then develop strategies for resolving them.

False

The United States is the only Western industrialized country without a ___________.

Family allowance program

Wealth

Gained money from dividents, stock market possession of valuable resources that have monterary value

People may struggle to understand why someone, when given the opportunity to leave a violent relationship, will choose to remain. This can be understood as an example of _____, in which living systems seek a balance to maintain and preserve the system.

Homeostasis

Maria Chavez is a school social worker. Sixteen-year-old Beth Zeibert comes to see Ms. Chavez at the urging of several friends, who have become concerned about her bingeing and purging. Beth acknowledges that she has been bingeing and purging for several months and that she has tried to quit but has been unable to do so. A typical late-afternoon binge might be two bacon double cheese burgers, two large orders of fries and a 64 ounce soda or a large pizza, garlic bread, and soda. A typical night binge includes a quart of ice cream and at least two family-size packages of cookies. Beth typically purges by sticking her finger down her throat. Let's suppose that Ms. Chavez follows a problem solving approach. What is Ms. Chavez likely to ask next?

How often do you binge and purge?

Caren is a student in an international social work program and has the opportunity to complete an internship in a less-developed nation. Because she is particularly interested in maternal health, Caren collects and reviews the maternal health policies from several developed and less-developed nations. Such comparative social policy analysis is useful in _____.

Identifying policies developed in one nation that may also be successful in another nation

To some extent, poverty is passed on from generation to generation _____.

In a cycle

Republican approaches to poverty at the time this video (about War on Poverty) was made focused on _____.

Incentivizing work and participation in job training

According to the ideology of __________, those who work hard should be rewarded with success and, because of extensive employment opportunities and because of equal opportunity legislation, those who work hard will in fact be rewarded with success.

Individualism

_____ means viewing and treating each person as unique and worthwhile.

Individualization

Lila's views are quite different from her uncle's. Lila believes that social welfare programs are a proper, legitimate function of modern industrial society in helping individuals achieve self-fulfillment. Lila's views are consistent with the _______ approach to social welfare.

Institutional

The _____ model seeks to involve a cross section of individuals (including the disadvantaged and those high up in the power structure) in identifying and solving problems.

Locality development

The ______ is a "bureaucrat" who takes on the orientation of the bureaucracy, has not been involved in providing direct services for years and is frequently named to head study committees and policy groups and to chair boards.

Machine

In terms of the values and ethics of social work, needle exchange programs _____.

May be acceptable because they reduce the harms associated with substance use

The _____ role involves intervention in disputes between parties to help them find compromises, reconcile differences, or reach mutually satisfactory agreements.

Mediator

The agency for which Debra works is soon moving into new offices in an old department store building that has recently been remodeled for office space. The space is not optimal as far as worker safety is concerned and in a recent meeting, supervisors distributed floor plans and suggested that, since they cannot yet practice in the new offices, workers imagine themselves in potential dangerous situations and think through what their responses might be. This technique is commonly called _____.

Mental rehearsal

____________ programs are allowed in some states under certain conditions.

Needle exchange

Broker

One who links clients to needed resources

Those services that must be operationalized when the family can no longer remain intact are referred to as _____ services.

Out-of-home

In the United States, the top 1% of all households have _____ of all personal wealth.

Over 1/3

What is a very accurate statement about poverty?

Poverty interacts with almost all other social problems

The CSWE requires that an accredited baccalaureate program shall have as its primary stated educational objective _____.

Preparation for beginning professional social work practice

Elizabethan Poor Law of 1601

Provided relief for the aged, sick, and infant poor

One of the challenges experienced by many individuals with substance abuse problems is having a lot of extra time on their hands once they quit using. Often they have nothing to do for fun, since many of their social and recreational activities centered around or were associated with using. For such individuals, a _____ group, in which they may learn a sport, a craft, or some other fun activity may be particularly helpful.

Recreational skills

Vince helps families apply for programs that have means tests. Typically, these programs _____.

Require assessment of the applicant's income and assets

Lila thinks about a conversation she had with a relative who attended her recent graduation party. Uncle Lou said that families ought to be responsible for their own and government assistance should only be provided when all other resources have been exhausted and then only on an emergency basis for a short period of time as possible. Uncle Lou views are most consistent with the _____ view.

Residual

Vince is taking an application for a family of four consisting of the 27-year-old father, who was laid off from his $25,000 per year job and has been unable to find anything other than part-time minimum wage work, a 22 year-old mother who does not work outside the home, two boys, ages 6 and 4, and 3 year-old twin girls. Although the family was managing before the lay-offs, they are struggling to meet even basic needs now. They are behind on rent, facing homelessness, are soon to get their utilities cut off. Vince begins by addressing the family's needs for food by helping them apply for _______, which replaced the old food stamp program.

SNAP

New Horizons is a private temporary shelter facility for runaways in a large Midwestern city. Youths on the run can stay for up to two weeks at a time. A number of drop-in services are also provided to homeless youth and other youth who are experiencing crises. One of the groups provided by New Horizons seeks to change members' attitudes and behaviors in a more socially acceptable direction. This group is best described as a(n) _____ group.

Socialization

Programs intended to increase high school completion and college admission among inner-city youth have uniformly ______.

Succeeded

Vince also helps the family apply for _______, a cash assistance welfare program run by the state using federal block grant monies.

TANF

Settlement House

Target is everyone, an institution in an inner-city area providing educational, recreational, and other social services to the community (helps poor people)

Social insurance programs are financed by _____.

Tax revenues

The future direction and nature of social services will be determined largely by _____.

Technological advances

Great Depression

The economic crisis beginning with the stock market crash in 1929 and continuing through the 1930s

Almost all social workers are working in _______.

The field of social welfare

Individualism

The habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant.

Strengths Perspective

The idea that every person, group, family, and community has strengths. It is important to work to understand the growth potential of clients and we become more effective when we elaborate with our clients (because we don't know it all) and look for abundant resources -Social worker's job to find peoples strengths -"Build on what is already being worked on than trying to fill a hole"

Research on transracial adoptions indicates that _____.

The majority of transracial adoptees are not confused about their identities

New Deal

The name of President Roosevelt's program for getting the United States out of the depression

Homeostasis

The need for all systems to balance and maintain functioning

According to the Council on Social Work Education, generalist social work practice in grounded in _____ framework.

The person-in-environment

Absolute Poverty

The point at which a household's income falls below the necessary level to purchase food to physically sustain its members

Social Work

The professional activity of helping individuals, groups, or communities to enhance or restore their capacity for social functioning and to create societal conditions favorable to their goals

Family Therapy

Therapy that treats the family as a system. Views an individual's unwanted behaviors as influenced by, or directed at, other family members

Underserving

Those placed in poor houses, not comfortable; "normal" people

Anya has been deployed to the site of a natural disaster where she is helping to link residents to services and resources. The ecological model is most likely to conceptualize the natural disaster as a _____.

Transition

The ______ leads open campaigns to destroy and malign the system, discounts the value of the system, often enters into a win-lose conflict, and generally loses and is dismissed.

Warrior

Past history suggests that as government expenditures to help the poor and the marginally poor decrease, the proportion of the population living in poverty _____.

Will increase

Traditional federal antipoverty funding may sometimes simply seem to throw "money down a hole." What are some of the mechanisms that will hold recipients of these grants accountable?

Zones are required to track and demonstrate outcomes