Sociology 101 chapter 1 quiz

Symbolic interaction is him argues that people act toward things on the basis of their meaning. According to this perspective, how does meaning arise?

Meaning is in the go she ate it through interaction with others

If you didn't know anything about Pam Fishman except that she studied conversation patterns, what would you logically determine about her?

She has a micro sociologist

Max Weber believed that as the industrial revolution progressed, society became increasingly rationalized. How did he do fine rationalization?

The application of economic logic to all aspects of social life

If someone has no way to make money but to sell his own labor, then he must be a member of what social group?

The proletariat

According to the Symbolic interaction is him, what is the relationship between the self and society?

The self is shaped by society, but society is also shaped by the self.

According to the theoretical position developed by Karl Marx, what is the engine of social change?

conflict between social groups

Which social theory focuses on micro level interactions?

symbolic interactionism

What is the sociological imagination?

the ability to understand the connections between biography and history, or the interplay of the self and the world

Sociology can be defined as the systematic and scientific study of human society and social behavior. Given this definition, which of the following levels of social structure best describes what sociologists might examine?

Almost any level, from interactions between two people to large scale institutions.

Sociology can be approached from both a micro sociological and a macro sociological perspective. Which is more useful?

Both are useful in different ways, because they each provide different types of information about the same object of study.

In the United States today, the richest 1% of Americans have 40% of the country's wealth. Karl Marx would call this

Bourgeoisie

Max Weber believed that modern industrialized societies were characterized by which of the following institutions?

Bureaucracies

According to Carl Marx, how could a belief in heaven as a reward for earthly suffering serve the interests of the ruling class?

By keeping the lower classes from demanding better treatment in this life

What economic system emerged during the industrial revolution?

Capitalism

What did Karl Marx think the lower classes needed to develop in order to earn their oppression

Class consciousness

What does Mark see as the primary tool for the oppression of the lower classes in modern society?

Industrial capitalism

According to Emily Durkheim, industrialized societies function via an organic solidarity. What is the basis for organic solidarity?

Interdependence an individual rights

Why would culture shock be a useful state of mind for a sociologist?

It makes us realize that we lack an understanding of our surroundings, so we are truly able to perceive what is right in front of us.

Structural functionalist theory is very concerned with the ways in which structures contribute to the stability of society. What is a structure?

A social institution that is stable over time and helps meet the needs of society

On any given day, within 10 minutes of waking up, you probably depend on more than 100 strangers to provide electricity, water, natural gas, weather forecasts, and other services. According to Durkheim, this interdependence gives rise to

Anomie

What term did ternal marks used to describe the fact that most of the population accepts the pervading ideology, even when it fails to tell the truth about their lives?

False consciousness

Regardless of their various approaches to social phenomena, what are all sociologist trying to do?

Illuminate the connection between the individual and society

If you possess a sociological imagination and someone asks you to study unemployment rates in a city of 50 million people wear 15 million are unemployed, where should you start?

You should consider the economic and political structures of the society

"From each according to his ability, to each according to his needs", Is a slogan that best represents the ideals of which social system?

Communism

Many every day cultural practices such as reading a friend, giving someone flowers, or using the thumbs up sign seem like natural ways of acting. Why does having an awareness of how these practices vary across cultures demonstrate a healthy sociological imagination?

It reminds us that every day interactions are connected to larger social structures

Which of the following is a latent function of the educational system in the United States?

Keeping children out of trouble while parents are at work

Many Marxist sociologist assume that large scale economic structures are the most important factors in peoples lives. This assumption is an example of

Macrosociology

Which of the following statements best describes the approach taken by macro sociologists?

Macrosociology examines large scale social structure to see how it affects individual lives.

What did Max Weber mean when he said that modern people are trapped in an iron cage?

Most aspects of life are increasingly controlled by rigid rules and rationalization

Dirk I'm theorized that the rapidly changing conditions of modern life lead to anomie. What is anomie?

Normlessness, Or a loss of connections to the social world

One of Carl Marx is most important achievements was developing the principle of practices. What does this mean that he thought intellectual should do?

Not just theorize about the world but change it

According to Carl Marx, the most important factor in social life is a person's:

Relationship to the means of production

In, the elementary forms of religious life, Emily Durkheim argued that religion was a powerful source of social solidarity. Why?

Religion reinforced collective Bonds and cultivated shared moral values

Emily Durkheim suggested that in traditional societies, people are bound together through mechanical solidarity. What was the basis of these sorts of buns?

Shared traditions and similar experiences

Which of the following theories view society as a whole unit, made up of interrelated parts that work together?

Structural functionalism

Sociologist observe society by

Studying the various parts of a society, and the ways they interact and influence each other

What was marks criticizing when he said that religion is "the opiate of the masses"?

The use of religion by the ruling class to oppress the working class

According to Carl Marx, how is class consciousness, or revolutionary consciousness, developed?

When the lower classes come to recognize how society works in challenge those in power

Max Weber helped lay the groundwork for sociologist who would develop Symbolic interaction is him as a theory, because he believed that a social scientist should approach the Study of human action

With VERSTHEN (understanding), Which emphasizes the need for empathy with individuals experiences.