Sociology 101: Chapter 16

Question 1 Which of the following does NOT account for the differences in the educational system from country to country? Value placed on education Financial resources from the government and population Amount of time devoted to education Geographic distribution of male and female students

Geographic distribution of male and female students

Question 9 Which of the following is NOT a method used within the United States to produce educational equality? Head Start Mandatory tutoring Charter schools Bussing

Mandatory tutoring

Question 11 Kara has behavioral problems as a young child. As she goes through school, she is labeled "troubled," and told she will never amount to anything. Kara, though intelligent, decides to "live down" to this expectation. Which sociological perspective would be most interested in studying Kara's experience? Feminist theory Functionalism Symbolic interactionism Conflict theory

Symbolic interactionism

Question 2 The term formal education is defined by the text as: Learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society. An education that is accompanied by a tutor at all times. The learning of academic facts and concepts. The education one receives at a private school, parochial school, or private college.

The learning of academic facts and concepts.

Question 5 Which of the following is NOT a latent function of education: Working in groups Transmission of culture Courtship Political and social integration

Transmission of culture

Head Start program:

a federal program that provides academically focused preschool to students of low socioeconomic status

tracking

a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities

education:

a social institution through which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms

cultural capital

cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency to help one navigate a culture

informal education:

education that involves learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors through participation in a society

credentialism:

the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications

cultural transmission:

the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture

Question 8 The concept hidden curriculum can be defined as: The emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications. The course objectives teachers incorporate into their syllabi after the semester has started. A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission. The unexpected subjects students take an interest in after being exposed to experts in the field.

A type of nonacademic knowledge that one learns through informal learning and cultural transmission.

Question 12 The term sorting can be defined as: The use of education to improve one's social standing. A formalized system that places students on "tracks" (advanced, low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities. Classifying students based on academic merit or potential. The process by which students are allowed to choose their own classes based on interest.

Classifying students based on academic merit or potential.

Question 10 Which of the following sociological perspectives argues that the educational system reinforces and perpetuates social inequalities arising from differences in class, gender, race and ethnicity? Conflict theory Symbiotic theory Functionalism Symbolic interactionism

Conflict theory

Question 7 Malik grew up in an affluent household which embraced activities such as attending the opera, visiting museums, and traveling to foreign countries at least once a year. When Malik goes to college, he finds he has much to talk about with professors, and fellow students from similar backgrounds. Malik is enjoying the benefits of: Tracking Cultural capital Grade inflation The education gap

Cultural capital

Question 14 To make students more competitive in the work force and for graduate school, college professors are beginning to lower the standard for student grades (i.e. what was once considered a B, is now considered an A). This is known as: GPA debt Systematic grading Academic bribing Grade inflation

Grade inflation

Question 4 Which court case set the precedent for access to education within the United States for students with disabilities? Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission Brown v. the Board of Education Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia Plessy v. Ferguson

Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbi

Question 13 Which sociologist studied how cultural capital helps an individual navigate their culture? Karl Marx Pierre Bourdieu Émile Durkheim Max Weber

Pierre Bourdieu

Question 6 Which of the following is NOT a manifest function of education? Social placement Socialization Social networks Social control

Social networks

When Ahmed is in 5th grade, he does poorly in math and science. His teachers recommend him for lower-level classes throughout middle school in all subjects, and he's not given the chance to excel elsewhere. This process is known as: Tracking Grade inflation Feminism Manifest Function

Tracking

Question 3 Jesus lives in rural Chile, and is the son of a poor farmer. The nearest school is 50 miles away, and he has no means to get there. What does the educational system in Jesus's country lack? Informal education Formal education Latent functions Universal access

Universal access

No Child Left Behind Act:

an act that requires states to test students in prescribed grades, with the results of those tests determining eligibility to receive federal funding

sorting

classifying students based on academic merit or potential

universal access

the equal ability of all people to participate in an education system

grade inflation:

the idea that the achievement level associated with an A today is notably lower than the achievement level associated with A-level work a few decades ago

formal education:

the learning of academic facts and concepts

hidden curriculum:

the type of nonacademic knowledge that people learn through informal learning and cultural transmission

social placement:

the use of education to improve one's social standing