Sociology 1,2,3,4
Culture acts as a constraint on human freedom because?
much culture is habit and cultural patterns are repeated again and again
Which of the following is evidence of the "Mcdonaldization of society"?
replacing bank tellers with automatic teller machines (ATM's)
What do sociologist call two or more people who identify with and interact with one another?
social group
What would a sociologist be most likely to say about why an individual chooses a particular person to many?
society guides human behavior more that most people realize.
Which of the following is Erving Goffman's concept that refers to a powerful and negative label that greatly changes a person's self-concept and social identity?
stigma
In legal terms, a crime is composed of which two elements?
the act and criminal intent
The concept "bureaucracy" refers to?
an organization model rationally deigned to perform tasks effeciently
Sociologist define a symbol as?
anything that carries a meaning to people who share a culture
Culture is a source of human freedom because?
as culture relates, humans must make and remake the world for themselves
Which leadership style focuses on instrumental concerns, making decisions, and ensuring group members obey order?
authoritarian
Making use of the sociological perspective encourages us to?
challenge commonly held beliefs
The social-conflict approach might lead a sociologist to highlight?
class differences in a high school graduation rtes
The recent Wall Street scandals, such as Bernard Madoff's swindling thousands of people out of billions of dollars, are examples of?
corporate crime
Which of the following statements is consistent with the thinking of Emile Durkheim?
deviance affirms cultural values and norms
The basic idea behind labeling theory s that?
deviance arises not so much from what people do as how others respond to what they do
Interpretive sociology is sociology that?
focuses on the meaning people attach to behavior
Peter Berger described using the sociological perspective as seeing the _______ in the ________.
general, particular
Wrong-doing such as an adult forcing a child to engage in sexual activity is and example o violating?
mores
Solomon Asch's research, in which subjects were asked to match lines, showed?
the power of group membership to generate conformity
Reading the following statements. Which statement does NO correctly describe changes to society brought on by industrialization?
tradition becomes a more powerful part of culture
Standards by which people who share culture define what is desirable, good, and beautiful are called?
values
Prostitution is widely regarded as one example of?
victimless crime
Which question summarizes the focus of the symbolic interaction approach?
How do people experience society?
Which o the following statements about positivist sociology CORRECT?
It favors quantitative data
Which of the following is generally true of researchers setting out to conduct fieldwork?
Researchers may begin without a specific hypothesis in mind
The text describes the main point of using the structural-functional approach as?
Understanding "what makes society tick"
A hate crime s defined as?
a criminal act motivated by racial or other bias
Which of the following illustrates the "medicalization of deviance"?
a girl's sexual activity being redefined by her psychologist as a "sexual addiction
Which of the following illustrates the operation of "grouplink"?
a groups seeks consensus and discourages members from speaking freely, resulting in the group making a poor decision
"Crime" differs from "deviance" in that crime?
is a violation of norms and enacted into law
The concept "ethnocentrism" refers to?
judging another culture by the standards of one's own culture
The basic idea behind scientific management is that?
management can use scientific principles to make a business more productive
Which of the following statements is consistent with the findings of Solomon Asch?
many people are willing to compromise their own judgment to avoid being seen as different
In deciding what kinds of questions to ask as they begin research, sociologist are guides by?
one or more theoretical approaches
The social-conflict approach draws attention to?
patterns of social inequality
Sociologists use the concept "empirical evidence" to refer to informaiton
people can verify with their senses
Using a Marxist approach, Steven Spitzer claims that a capitalist society is likely to label which of the following categorizes of people as deviant?
people who are not very productive conomically
Charles Horton Cooley referred to a small social group whose members share personal and enduring relationships as a(n)?
primary group
Which of the following concepts refers to a social group that people use as a point of reference in making evaluations or decisions?
reference group
Among all forms of life, humans stand out as the only species that?
relies on culture to ensure survival
