Sociology 1304, Chapters 9, 10, 12

Expressiveness

(of a crowd or group) engaging in non purposeful activity of an expressive and often rhythmic nature, as weeping, dancing, or shouting.

Explain how gender roles are socially constructed and give examples.

A gender role is a set of societal norms dictating what types of behaviors are generally considered acceptable, appropriate, or desirable for a person based on their actual or perceived sex or sexuality. Such as boys are supposed to play with boy toys, like hot wheels, toy soldiers, and airplanes Girls are supposed to like pink things, barbies, dolls etc..

Homophobia

A range of negative attitudes and feelings towards homosexuality or people perceived as homosexual .

Credentialism

A reliance on formal qualifications or certifications to determine whether someone is permitted to undertake a task, speak as an expert or work in a certain field. "excessive reliance on credentials, especially academic degrees, in determining hiring or promotion policies."

Correspondence principle

A sociological theory that posits a close relationship between social standing and the educational system.

Discuss the issues of Race and gender in relation to polititcs

Age, Race, Gender, sexual orientation, religion, geographical locations are all demographic variables that influence voter participation as well as how people vote.

Transnational Corporations

Any corporation that is registered and operates in more than one country at a time

Describe 6 basic functions of the family

Cohabitation - Remaining unmarried while raising a child. Remaining Single - People who are single may be looking for marraige, possibly unable to marry because og being gay or lesbian, widows, widowers etc.. Childless - Men and women having no children, or possibly gay or lesbian couple having no children. Or electing to have no children. Domestic partnership - is an interpersonal relationship between two individuals who live together and share a common domestic life but are not married

Sandwich Generation

Entails a generation that is raising their own children, and taking care of their own parents.

Hoschild's "Second shift"

Explains that the household responsibilities that a wife and mother takes care of, aside from working her paid job, add up to at least 40 hours each week.

Gender role

From birth, children are socialized to conform to certain gender roles based on their biological sex and the gender to which they are assigned.

Describe the manifest and latent functions of education.

Latent functions of education are unintentional and unrecognized outcomes that going to school, interacting with peers and adults, and following the rules ingrained into you without anyone really intending for it to happen. Manifest functions of education are those that are intended and that most people think about. For example, in elementary school, parents expect their children to learn new information but also how to 'get along' with other children and begin to understand how society works

Describe political participation and apathy

Political apathy is the indifference on the part of any citizen of any country with regard to their attitude towards political activities. For example, politicians, elections, public opinions, civic responsibility, etc. "political participation" will refer to those voluntary activities by which members of a society share in the selection of rulers and, directly or indirectly, in the formation of public policy.

Sexism

Prejudice or discrimination based on sex or gender, especially against women and girls

Discuss the social impact of technology on education. (Strengths/Weaknesses)

Pros: Supplemental Teaching Tools, Learn from home or rural places, Students Can Learn at Their Own Pace, Additional Resources for Students. Cons: Lacks the persona touch and student interaction, student might feel like there is something missing from course.

Neocolonialism

Refers to the unequal economic and power relations that currently exist between former colonies and former colonizing nations. Marx viewed colonialism as part of the global capitalist system, which has led to exploitation, social change, and uneven development.

Tracking

Students are assigned to classes according to whether the students' overall achievement is above average, normal, or below average.

Explain the power of transnational corporations in the world marketplace.

TNC's can take advantage of cheap pools of labor, by relocationg their facilities or outsourcing. Nations compete with each other for these contracts by undercutting wages for citizens and offering "tax free" zones.

Multiple masculinity

Taking on feminine-like roles without masculinity questioned Tide's : "Dad Mom"

Family (Forms)

The family is an intimate domestic group made up of people related to one another by bonds of blood, sexual mating, or legal ties. -Nuclear Family Consists of a married couple and their unmarried children living together -The Extended family Relatives - such as grandparents, aunts, or uncles - live in the same as parents and the children.

Colonialism

The process by which some nations enrich themselves through political and economic control of other nations. A set of unequal relationships between the colonizers and the colony and between the colonists and the indigenous populations

Describe the research findings on the teacher-expectancy effect. (Pros and cons)

The teacher expectancy effect is the impact of a teacher's expectations of a student's performance or achievement on the actual performance or achievement of that student. Teacher expects a specific behavior from specific student Because of these expectations, teacher behaves differently toward student This treatment tells student what behavior teacher expects from them If the treatment is consistent, it will shape the student's behavior over time Students' behavior will conform more and more closely to teacher's expectation of them The teacher may have a higher expectations for one student, than for another. It might aid one students learning style.

World System Analysis

The world systems theory, developed by sociologist Immanuel Wallerstein, is an approach to world history and social change that suggests there is a world economic system in which some countries benefit while others are exploited.

Discuss how the status of women in education is changing and how it has remained the same.

There is a growing gap between the amount of women with a bachelor's degree (37%) and men (27%). Women with the same credentials in education make considerably less than males.

Explain the factors that affect family life.(social class, race/ethnicity etc..)

Working and poor class families care for their children, love them, and set limits for them, but within these boundaries, they allow the children to grow spontaneously.

Matrix of domination

explains issues of oppression that deal with race, class, and gender, which, though recognized as different social classifications, are all interconnected.

Hidden curriculum

lessons which are learned but not openly "intended" such as the transmission of norms, values, and beliefs conveyed in the classroom and the social environment.

Forms of Government

monarchy, oligarchy, dictatorship, and democracy.

Instrumentality**

treating the person as a tool for another's purposes