sociology chapter 16

Governor Wallace's desperate attempt to uphold his policy of "segregation now, segregation tomorrow, segregation forever" stated during his ___ inauguration became known as the "Stand in the Schoolhouse Door."

1963

Which theory points that tracking perpetuate inequalities?

Conflict Theory

President ___ sent members of 101st Airborne Division from Kentucky to escort black students into Little Rock Central High School after the governor of Arkansas tried to deny them entry.

Eisenhower

__________ describes the learning of academic facts and concepts through a formal curriculum.

Formal Education

Erica is a sophomore at Windham High School. She just submitted her final project for her World History class. Despite writing her essay on technology in World II instead of her assigned topic of Battle strategies in the Vietnam War, Erica still received a B+. Her grade was based mostly on the effort she put into her essay instead of the actual content, this is an example of________.

Grade Inflation

Due to __________, students are putting in less effort for better grades. Critics say it's causing students to put less effort into their classes. Those in favor say it gives struggling students motivation to stay in school.

Grade inflation

Arising from the tutelage of ancient ___ thinkers, centuries of scholars have examined topics through formalized methods of learning.

Greek

____________ refers to the type of nonacademic knowledge that students learn through informal learning and cultural transmission.

Hidden Curriculum

Learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors by participating in a society is referred to as:

Informal Education

Lucas is in the kitchen watching his mother prepare dinner. He asks his mother how she makes the pasta become soft after taking it out of the box. Lucas' mom explains that the pasta must be boiled in order to cook it properly, showing him how the heat of the water softens the pasta. Lucas learned a valuable skill through the learning process of __________.

Informal Education

Which is the intended and visible functions of education?

Latent Functions

___________________ is one of the major methods used by people for upward social mobility.

Social Placement

Classifying students based on academic merit or potential is defined as:

Sorting

Will is in sixth grade at Willimantic Middle School. After successfully acing all his classroom assignments and demonstrating above grade level knowledge in his subjects, Will is placed into his school's Honors program. A group where students must score in the top 10% of their class as well as possess at minimum am "A" average in each class. This is an example of _______.

Sorting

______________ was developed to give low income students an opportunity to make up the preschool deficit discussed in Coleman's findings and provides academic-centered preschool to students of low socioeconomic status.

The Head Start Program

Which title of the Education Amendments in 1972 established that discriminating on the basis of sex in U.S. education programs is illegal?

Title IX

Students in general classes receive more information about community colleges when students in honors class receive information about going to Universities or Ivy Leagues. This is an example of _____________ .

Tracking

A landmark case that helped create_________ for education is in the supreme court case of Mills vs. Board of Education.

Universal Access

_______________ is defined as people's equal ability to participate in an education system.

Universal Access

Sorting is defined as:

classifying students based on academic merit or potential.

Credentialism

embodies the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications.

Informal Education is defined as:

learning about cultural values, norms, and expected behaviors by participating in a society.

Social placement is:

one of the major methods used by people for upward social mobility.

Universal Access is defined as:

people's equal ability to participate in an education system.

The definition of cultural capital is:

the culture knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency that helps us navigate a culture.

Cultural Transmission is defined as:

the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture.

______________ embodies the emphasis on certificates or degrees to show that a person has a certain skill, has attained a certain level of education, or has met certain job qualifications.

Credentialism

Elizabeth is taking the SAT's, she comes from a prestigious, upper class background. Due to her background Elisabeth has had several experiences with worldly values and customs. Elizabeth may have an easier time taking the SAT than another student from a low-class background because of her extensive______________.

Cultural Capital

______________ is cultural knowledge that serves (metaphorically) as currency that helps us navigate a culture.

Cultural Capital

_____________ refers to the way people come to learn the values, beliefs, and social norms of their culture.

Cultural Transmission

In Science class, Geraint learns the cultural norm for waiting to speak when acknowledged by a person of authority by raising his hand and waiting to be called on by his teacher. This is an example of ______.

Cultural transmission

Who wrote Social Problems and Social Imagination: A Paradigm for Analysis, where they point to the notion that social problems are, in essence, contradictions?

David Simon

Conflict theorists believe that public schools reduce social inequality.

False

Cultural capital refers to the type of nonacademic knowledge that students learn through informal learning and cultural transmission.

False

The Head Start Program provides academic-centered daycare to students of low socioeconomic status.

False

Joyce is a sophomore at Windham High School in Windham, CT. After a successful first year, Joyce was placed into Honors biology, Honors World history, and Honors English. In these classes, she learns a fast-paced curriculum with other students of the same ability who regularly take other honors classes. This is an example of _________________ .

Tracking

Teachers at Southington High School strongly support the implementation of leveled classes, the levels will go as followed, subsequently increasing in difficulty level as mentioned, College Prep (CP), Competitive College Prep (CCP), Honors (H), and Advanced Placement (AP). Teaches in support of these classes claim that students have a more individualized learning curriculum as well as benefitting from attending classes with other students of similar academic achievement. These Teachers support the system of_____.

Tracking

____________ is a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced versus low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities.

Tracking

Feminist theory aims to understand the mechanisms and roots of gender inequality in education, as well as their societal repercussions.

True

Tracking is defined as

a formalized sorting system that places students on "tracks" (advanced versus low achievers) that perpetuate inequalities.

Education is defined as:

a social institution through which a society's children are taught basic academic knowledge, learning skills, and cultural norms.

Formal education is defined as:

the learning of academic facts and concepts through a formal curriculum.

Grade inflation is defined as:

the observation that the correspondence between letter grades and the achievements they reflect has been changing (in a downward direction) over time.