sociology chapter 9

Females make up what percentage of arcade-style video game players?

74

a term used when gender identity and/or expression aligns with the sex assigned at birth

cisgender

Identify the college policies and aspects of campus life that contribute to a rape culture on campuses.

-hookup culture -feeling pressure to participate in the party scene on campus -pushing parties from on-campus to off-campus locations -creating policies that unintentionally engage in "victim blaming"

What is the name of the sociological view that seeks to explain social phenomena in terms of natural phenomena?

essentialism

Every society in the world acknowledges only two genders.

false

Identify whether each of the following is a primary or secondary sex characteristic.

primary: chromosomes prostate and estrogen secondary characteristics: breasts and facial hair

-It introduced a focus on intersectionality. -Its main cause was globalization.

third wave of feminism

a term used when gender identity and/or expression is different from the sex assigned at birth

transgender

Gender role socialization begins before birth.

true

-Its key event was a convention held in Seneca Falls, New York. -Its main cause was the campaign to win the vote for women, or the suffrage movement. -It was associated with Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony.

first wave

Identify the observed phenomena that call into question the biological binary male/female sex distinction.

-women athletes with unusually high levels of testosterone -children born with ambiguous genitalia

Place each category of sexuality in its appropriate location on the Kinsey Scale of Sexuality.

0- exclusively heterosexual 2-predominately heterosexual but more than incidentally homosexual 5-predominately homosexual; only incidentally heterosexual 6-exclusively homosexual

What percentage of babies are born intersex?

1.7 percent

At what age do children develop a preference for same-sex playmates?

3

Of two women, one wears jeans and boots while the other wears a skirt and heels.

difference in gender

an individual's behavioral manifestations of gender

gender expression

an individual's self-definition or sense of gender

gender identity

a term used when gender identity and/or expression differs from societal expectations about gender roles

gender nonconforming

Textbooks often still contain sexist language and gender stereotypes. In the social structure of the school itself, women tend to be concentrated at the lower levels, as teachers and aides, while men tend to occupy upper-management and administrative positions. Of which concept are these alternative forms?

gender rol socialization

Which term is used to describe a person whose chromosomes or sex characteristics are neither exclusively male nor exclusively female?

intersex

-Its main causes were equal access to education and employment. -It was associated with Betty Friedan. -Its key event was the establishment of the National Organization for Women.

second wave

Of two children, one has XY chromosomes and the other has XX.

difference in sex

Of two men in college, one is attracted to men and the other to women.

difference in sexuality

Which sociologist conducted work on intersectionality among workers in nail salons?

Miliaan Kang

Place each groundbreaking television series about homosexual or transgender characters in order in which the shows aired from first to last.

-Ellen -Will and Grace -Queer Eye for the Straight Guy -Orange Is the New Black -Transparent

Determine whether each of the following statements applies to boys in school

-They receive more attention and instructional time and are more likely to be called on in class. -They are posed with more challenging questions or tasks and are given more praise for the quality of their work.

Determine whether each of the following statements applies to girls in school.

-They tend to earn higher grades in elementary school. -They are typically credited for hard work rather than intellectual ability.

In which ways do human sex characteristics vary between all males and females?

-chromosomes -secondary sex chromosomes -dominant hormone -primary sex characteristics

What are the major agents of socialization that enforce gender roles?

-families -schools -peers -the media