Sociology

Which of the following is true of the functional perspectives? Select one: a. Finding or producing new members is not sufficient. b. Groups should not replace personnel when they die. c. Patriotism does not generally help people develop and maintain a sense of purpose. d. Failure to preserve order is not dangerous.

a. Finding or producing new members is not sufficient.

The Amish period of discovery in which young people attend barn dances and break social norms is referred to as Select one: a. Rumspringa. b. enlightenment. c. worldly activities. d. adolescence.

a. Rumspringa.

Which statement about the Industrial Revolution is true? Select one: a. Some people were resistant to the technological and social changes associated with the Industrial Revolution. b. The Luddites were very successful in their efforts to sabotage the Industrial Revolution. c. There is no contemporary equivalent to the Luddites. d. Wages rose uniformly during the Industrial Revolution.

a. Some people were resistant to the technological and social changes associated with the Industrial Revolution.

A variable is Select one: a. a measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions. b. the extent to which a measure provides consistent results. c. the unintended influence that observers or experiments can have on their subjects. d. a speculative statement about the relationship between two traits.

a. a measurable trait or characteristic that is subject to change under different conditions.

Which of the following best defines a family? Select one: a. a set of people related by blood, marriage or some other agreed-upon relationship, or adoption, who share the responsibility for reproducing and caring for members of society b. a married couple and their unmarried children living together c. two unrelated adults who have chosen to share each other's lives in a relationship of mutual caring d. a group of individuals, relation not necessary, living together

a. a set of people related by blood, marriage or some other agreed-upon relationship, or adoption, who share the responsibility for reproducing and caring for members of society

W. E. B. DuBois developed the concept of Select one: a. double consciousness. b. racial fetishism. c. double rejection. d. bipolar racism.

a. double consciousness.

Jim Crow laws were passed in the Southern states in order to Select one: a. enforce official segregation. b. force legal integration. c. allow enslavement of Blacks. d. end segregation.

a. enforce official segregation.

A sociologist sets up an experiment on the effects of television violence on children. The set of children that are shown the violent cartoons are considered to be the Select one: a. experimental group. b. control group. c. independent variable. d. dependent variable.

a. experimental group.

The medicalization of society refers to the Select one: a. growing role of medicine as a major institution of social control. b. dominance of hospitals by boards of directors with medical backgrounds. c. election of medical specialists to high offices in government. d. approach in which medical experts define all of the illnesses or diseases in our society.

a. growing role of medicine as a major institution of social control.

Many aspects of modernization in developing countries, such as migration to urban centers, Select one: a. have not had a necessarily positive effect on the social standing of women. b. have increased the vital role of women in food production. c. have strengthened women's ties to relatives. d. have decreased the role of women in all industries.

a. have not had a necessarily positive effect on the social standing of women.

Which of the following is a component of the pretransition stage of demographic transition? Select one: a. high birth rates and death rates with little population growth b. declining death rates, along with low to medium fertility, resulting in significant population growth c. low birth rates and death rates with little population growth d. high death rates, with low fertility

a. high birth rates and death rates with little population growth

Early in life, a person learns to slant his or her presentation of the self in order to create distinctive appearances and satisfy particular audiences. This process is known as Select one: a. impression management. b. reverse socialization. c. face-work. d. anticipatory socialization.

a. impression management.

Facing forward in an elevator can be considered a(n) Select one: a. informal norm. b. formal norm. c. more. d. sanction.

a. informal norm.

A stratification system that implies that the position of each individual is influenced by the person's achieved status is referred to as a(n) Select one: a. open stratification system. b. closed stratification system. c. egalitarian class system. d. fractured class system.

a. open stratification system.

According to Robert Merton, members of revolutionary political organizations such as the Irish Republican Army would typically be classified as Select one: a. rebels. b. ritualists. c. conformists. d. innovators.

a. rebels.

Which term refers to the conscious feeling of a negative discrepancy between legitimate expectations and present actualities? Select one: a. relative deprivation b. relative mobilization c. resource deprivation d. resource mobilization

a. relative deprivation

The statements to which members of a particular religion adhere are known as Select one: a. religious beliefs. b. religious experiences. c. religious rituals. d. religious norms.

a. religious beliefs.

An established sect is a Select one: a. religious group that is considered an outgrowth of a sect yet remains isolated from society. b. religious organization that claims to include most or all of the members of a society and that is recognized as the national or official religion. c. large organized religion that is not officially linked with the state or government. d. generally small, secretive religious group that represents either a new religion or a major innovation of an existing faith.

a. religious group that is considered an outgrowth of a sect yet remains isolated from society.

In Robert Merton's terms, people who overzealously and cruelly enforce bureaucratic regulations can be classified as Select one: a. ritualists. b. rebels. c. innovators. d. retreatists.

a. ritualists.

Which term is used by sociologists to refer to any of the full range of socially defined positions within a large group or society? Select one: a. status b. culture c. social structure d. gemeinschaft

a. status

Which of the following forces are particularly responsible for the domination of the world marketplace by a few nations? Select one: a. the advent of multinational corporations b. global inequality c. the legacy of capitalism d. industrialization

a. the advent of multinational corporations

Friedrich Engels, a colleague of Karl Marx, noted that Select one: a. the family is the ultimate source of social inequality. b. there are six paramount functions of the family. c. 80 percent of the 565 societies he studied had some type of polygamy. d. there are six stations of divorce, but the most important is the economic station.

a. the family is the ultimate source of social inequality.

In large developing nations, the most socially significant mobility is Select one: a. the movement out of poverty. b. the employment of women. c. property ownership. d. proof of a confirmed dowry.

a. the movement out of poverty.

Role exit is defined as Select one: a. the process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's self-identity in order to establish a new role and identity. b. a difficulty that occurs when incompatible expectations arise from two or more social positions held by the same person. c. a difficulty that occurs when incompatible expectations arise within one social position occupied by an individual. d. a set of expectations of people who occupy a given social position.

a. the process of disengagement from a role that is central to one's self-identity in order to establish a new role and identity.

Collective conceptions of what is considered good, desirable, and proper, as well as bad, undesirable, and improper, are known as Select one: a. values. b. folkways. c. mores. d. sanctions.

a. values.

According to sociologist Robin Williams, which of the following is considered an American value? Select one: a. Effectiveness b. Equality c. Frugality d. Supremacy of faith

b. Equality

The statement "Women who receive welfare are less likely than other women to have babies" is an example of Select one: a. an operational definition. b. a hypothesis. c. a research design. d. an independent variable.

b. a hypothesis.

Which of the following is an example of a total institution? Select one: a. a high school b. a mental hospital c. a Girl Scout troop d. the New York Mets

b. a mental hospital

Even if the audience for a certain form of mass media is spread out over a wide geographic area and the members do not know one another, they will be somewhat distinctive in terms of Select one: a. general interest. b. age, gender, income, political party, formal schooling, and race and ethnicity. c. the size of the grouping. d. None of these answers is correct.

b. age, gender, income, political party, formal schooling, and race and ethnicity.

Researchers have identified distinctive student subcultures on college campuses. The students who focus on having fun and socializing are referred to as the ________ subculture. Select one: a. academic b. collegiate c. fraternity d. nonconformist

b. collegiate

According to which theoretical perspective is old age a time when people are victimized and their social roles devalued? Select one: a. functionalist b. conflict c. interactionist d. feminist

b. conflict

Which sociological perspective has influenced the creation of the feminist perspective the most? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective

b. conflict perspective

Which sociological perspective is most critical of the differential way in which education bestows status? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective

b. conflict perspective

Which sociological perspective notes that among those elderly who decline in their mental capacities, deterioration is most rapid in people who withdraw from social relationships and activities? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. disengagement perspective

b. conflict perspective

Which sociological perspective would be likely to suggest that elderly women experience a double burden regarding income levels, similar to that experienced by elderly members of racial and ethnic minorities? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective

b. conflict perspective

A particular dress manufacturer closes a factory in South Carolina and moves the factory to Malaysia, where labor costs are lower. This is an example of Select one: a. gentrification. b. deindustrialization. c. downsizing. d. modernization.

b. deindustrialization.

Critics of the hidden curriculum are concerned that Select one: a. it may lead to a type of interpretive behavior. b. discipline takes precedence over the learning process. c. it places too much emphasis on creative thought. d. it may lead to a type of interpretive behavior, and also, it gives discipline precedence over the learning process.

b. discipline takes precedence over the learning process.

George Ritzer's concept of "the McDonaldization of society" refers to the Select one: a. placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants by the year 2010. b. domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast-food restaurants. c. existence of a fast-food franchise in countries throughout the world. d. placement of a McDonald's franchise in every community with more than 5,000 inhabitants, and the domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast food restaurants.

b. domination of numerous sectors of societies throughout the world by principles initially used by fast-food restaurants.

The process by which a relatively small number of people control what eventually reaches the audience is referred to as Select one: a. the dominant ideology. b. gatekeeping. c. the surveillance function. d. the narcotizing dysfunction.

b. gatekeeping.

A speculative statement about the relationship between two or more variables is known as a Select one: a. correlation. b. hypothesis. c. sample. d. research design.

b. hypothesis.

Teaching students to read and write, to calculate numbers, and to master the facts of their society's history are all examples of Select one: a. latent functions of education. b. manifest functions of education. c. manifest dysfunctions of education. d. latent dysfunctions of education.

b. manifest functions of education.

Areas where older Americans congregate and that gradually become informal centers for senior citizens are known as Select one: a. retirement communities. b. naturally occurring retirement communities. c. nursing homes. d. assisted living communities.

b. naturally occurring retirement communities.

According to a study by Stanley Milgram, individuals will Select one: a. conform to the attitudes and behaviors of their peers even if such attitudes and behaviors are racist. b. obey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, even if the behavior may harm another individual. c. disobey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, in most instances, if the behavior may harm another individual. d. not conform to the attitudes and behavior of their peers if racism is expected.

b. obey the commands of people viewed as legitimate authority figures, even if the behavior may harm another individual.

Which type of group plays a pivotal role in the socialization process and the development of roles and statuses? Select one: a. secondary groups b. primary groups c. aggregates d. formal organizations

b. primary groups

The veil may be seen as a rejection of ________ prevalent in Western societies. Select one: a. strict standards of modesty b. the beauty myth c. human rights standards d. the respect for women

b. the beauty myth

The role of women in the family has changed dramatically within the United States during the past 50 years. Women have furthered their education and developed careers. This change in the family has necessitated adaptive changes in school systems, corporations, churches, and other facets of society to provide childcare services. This situation reflects which view of social change? Select one: a. the emergent-norm perspective b. the equilibrium model c. stagnancy theory d. resource mobilization theory

b. the equilibrium model

According to Talcott Parsons and Robert Bales, the expressive role is performed by Select one: a. men. b. women. c. children. d. whichever adult has a career.

b. women.

An operational definition is Select one: a. a speculative statement about the relationship between two variables. b. the extent to which a measure provides consistent results. c. an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept. d. a relationship between two variables whereby a change in one coincides with a change in the other.

c. an explanation of an abstract concept that is specific enough to allow a researcher to measure the concept.

The use of sociology with the specific intent of yielding practical applications for human behavior and organizations is referred to as Select one: a. pure science. b. clinical sociology. c. applied sociology. d. basic sociology.

c. applied sociology.

The immigration to the U.S. of skilled workers, professionals, and technicians who are desperately needed in their home countries is referred to as Select one: a. medicalization. b. techno-flow. c. brain drain. d. golden opportunity.

c. brain drain.

What term did Thorstein Veblen use to refer to the behavior of those at the top of the social hierarchy when they engage in such activities as jetting off to a remote destination for dinner? Select one: a. consumption flow b. inconspicuous ridicule c. conspicuous leisure d. consumptive frivolity

c. conspicuous leisure

A member of a rural Indian tribe in Central America who moves to a large city, such as Mexico City, will probably experience Select one: a. cultural relativity. b. cultural diffusion. c. culture shock. d. cultural integration.

c. culture shock.

Beth, who has lived all her life in an affluent neighborhood in New York City, travels to Africa and is introduced to living in a dirt-floored hut while she works digging canals for a service trip. It is safe to say she is experiencing Select one: a. cultural relativity. b. cultural diffusion. c. culture shock. d. cultural integration.

c. culture shock.

In Talcott Parsons's equilibrium model, the incorporation of groups that were previously excluded because of their race, ethnicity, and social class is known as Select one: a. differentiation. b. adaptation. c. inclusion. d. generalization.

c. inclusion.

Which of the following sociological perspectives finds that women feel empowered by the experience of combat? Select one: a. functionalist b. conflict c. interactionist d. global

c. interactionist

A farmer is called to help sandbag a levy that is about to flood his town. The farmer is stationed between two correctional-center inmates who are required to assist in the flood-control efforts. As a result of this experience, the farmer has developed a newfound respect for inmates. This example would be consistent with which perspective? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective

c. interactionist perspective

According to the text, cell phones have been crucial in providing ______ to help aid global refugees. Select one: a. monetary transactions b. translation services c. migration statistics d. geotagging

c. migration statistics

A decline in political participation allows governments to Select one: a. become dictatorships. b. be held to higher standards. c. operate with less accountability. d. become more efficient.

c. operate with less accountability.

Which of the following individuals would most likely be the focus of labeling theorists who are researching the power of some individuals or groups to define labels? Select one: a. sexual predators and prostitutes b. gamblers and money launderers c. regulators of social control d. sexual predators and prostitutes, and gamblers and money launderers

c. regulators of social control

Practices required or expected of members of a faith are known as Select one: a. religious beliefs. b. religious experiences. c. religious rituals. d. religious norms.

c. religious rituals.

The U.S. government maintains a policy of "separation of church and state." This relationship between the church and the government in the U.S. illustrates Select one: a. creationism. b. fundamentalism. c. secularization. d. the Protestant ethic.

c. secularization.

The term social control refers to Select one: a. justifications for deviant behavior. b. penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm. c. techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society. d. behavior that violates the norms of a group.

c. techniques and strategies for preventing deviant human behavior in any society.

What term do sociologists use to describe the phenomenon whereby subjects deviate from their typical behavior because they realize they are under observation? Select one: a. the control group effect b. a spurious response c. the Hawthorne effect d. skewing

c. the Hawthorne effect

Charles Horton Cooley is responsible for developing the concept of Select one: a. impression management. b. reverse socialization. c. the looking-glass self. d. the preparatory stage.

c. the looking-glass self.

Deviance is behavior that Select one: a. always violates the laws of a society. b. is always illegal. c. violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society. d. is always anomic.

c. violates the standards of conduct or expectations of a group or society.

Karl Marx used the term proletariat to refer to the Select one: a. capitalist class. b. owners of the means of production. c. working class. d. middle class.

c. working class.

An "appropriate death" in Western societies entails Select one: a. making the experience as positive as possible. b. controlling the quality of a dying person's last days. c. the ideal of a "good death." d. All of these answers are correct.

d. All of these answers are correct.

Higher loan balances are typically held by Select one: a. White and Asian students. b. Middle Eastern and Black students. c. Asian and Latino students. d. Black and Latino students.

d. Black and Latino students.

______ embraces the study of formal organizations and social movements. Select one: a. Global sociology b. Microsociology c. Macrosociology d. Mesosociology

d. Mesosociology

Proponents of color-blind racism oppose Select one: a. equal treatment for all. b. merit-based college admissions. c. employer-provided health insurance. d. public welfare assistance.

d. public welfare assistance.

Which term is used to refer to the ways in which a social movement utilizes such resources as money, political influence, access to the media, and personnel? Select one: a. relative deprivation b. relative mobilization c. resource deprivation d. resource mobilization

d. resource mobilization

In sociologist Daniel Rossides's model of the class system of the U.S., which social class contains the smallest portion of the population? Select one: a. lower class b. lower-middle class c. working class d. upper class

d. upper class

According to world systems analysis, a nation that has a marginal economic status would be referred to as a nation at the Select one: a. periphery. b. core. c. semiperiphery. d. superperiphery.

not A

Anti-Semitism is a form of Select one: a. discrimination. b. racial profiling. c. prejudice. d. stereotype.

not A

In old age, by what ratio do women outnumber men? Select one: a. 2:1 b. 3:2 c. 5:2 d. They don't; men outnumber women.

not A

Prestige refers to the Select one: a. reputation that a particular individual has within an occupation. b. ability to exercise one's will over others. c. respect and admiration with which an occupation is regarded by society. d. people who have similar levels of wealth and income.

not A

In Karl Marx's analysis, society was fundamentally divided between Select one: a. separate genders that clash in pursuit of their own interests. b. economic classes that clash in pursuit of their own class interests. c. different races that clash in pursuit of their own interests. d. the religious and the nonreligious who clash in pursuit of their own interests.

not C

In societies with economic considerations at play, arranged marriages are engineered by Select one: a. parents. b. politicians. c. community leaders. d. peers.

parents

An argot is a specialized language used by members of a subculture. Doctors and nurses, for example, have developed a language system that is not easily understood by patients but enables medical professionals to communicate more easily, rapidly, and precisely with one another. Which sociological perspective is likely to emphasize the value of this specialized medical language? Select one: a. Functionalist perspective b. Conflict perspective c. Interactionist perspective d. Feminist perspective

a. Functionalist perspective

The belief that conformity to a single language helps to unify members of a society reflects which sociological perspective? Select one: a. Functionalist perspective b. Conflict perspective c. Interactionist perspective d. Global perspective

a. Functionalist perspective

Children who experience divorce in their family are more likely to experience divorce themselves when they are adults. This could be considered an example of a Select one: a. dysfunction of families. b. latent function of families. c. manifest function of families. d. proactive function of families.

a. dysfunction of families.

Which sociological perspective would view sports as serving as a safety valve for both participants and spectators, allowing them to shed tension and aggressive energy in a socially acceptable way? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. feminist perspective

a. functionalist perspective

Churches that serve as training grounds for community leaders and allow members to refine their organizational skills are performing a Select one: a. latent function. b. manifest function. c. manifest dysfunction. d. latent dysfunction.

a. latent function.

In the U.S., endogamous rules stressed by many groups include marriage within Select one: a. one's own racial, ethnic, and religious group. b. one's own family group. c. one's own sexual group. d. one's own peer group.

a. one's own racial, ethnic, and religious group.

Which of the following terms refers to a political philosophy, promoted by many younger Blacks in the 1960s, that supported the creation of Black-controlled political and economic institutions? Select one: a. Rainbow Coalition b. Black Power c. civil rights d. Manifest Destiny

b. Black Power

Which of the following factors has contributed to the rise in the cost of health care in the United States? Select one: a. The system is highly efficient. b. Health care is profit-driven. c. The young population is consuming less health care that previously thought. d. Pharmaceutical companies are developing generic, low-cost prescription drugs.

b. Health care is profit-driven.

Which of the following attributes is true regarding Buddhism? Select one: a. It is identical to Hinduism. b. It emerged in India. c. It strives for material pleasures while on earth. d. It developed in the 1800s.

b. It emerged in India.

Which of the following is an example of machismo? Select one: a. Mary drives a pickup truck. b. José, a Mexican American, drives a flashy sports car, works out in a gym, and believes that he can "get any woman that he wants." c. Reggie, an African American, is the captain of his college football team. d. Susana opens doors for both men and women.

b. José, a Mexican American, drives a flashy sports car, works out in a gym, and believes that he can "get any woman that he wants."

Communism is an economic system in which Select one: a. the means of production are largely in private hands, and the main incentive for economic activity is the accumulation of profits. b. all property is communally owned and no social distinctions are made on the basis of people's ability to produce. c. the means of production and distribution are collectively owned. d. all property is individually owned, and social distinctions are made on the basis of people's ability to produce.

b. all property is communally owned and no social distinctions are made on the basis of people's ability to produce.

Which sociological perspective would likely stress how social movements should require leaders to sharpen the awareness of the oppressed, who may suffer from false consciousness? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. epidemiological perspective

b. conflict perspective

Which of the following perspectives suggests that established physicians and medical school professors serve as mentors or role models who transmit knowledge to the passive learner? Select one: a. conflict perspective b. functionalist perspective c. global perspective d. feminist perspective

b. functionalist perspective

A sociology instructor asks students to make lists of the characteristics of the best and worst possible instructors. These lists, which would be used to evaluate all instructors, would form an example of a(n) Select one: a. typology. b. ideal type. c. verstehen. d. hypothesis.

b. ideal type.

Bilingualism is the use of two or more languages Select one: a. in all sectors of public and private life. b. in particular settings, such as workplaces or educational facilities, treating each language as equally legitimate. c. only in educational settings. d. only in workplaces.

b. in particular settings, such as workplaces or educational facilities, treating each language as equally legitimate.

Some radical feminist theorists view the oppression of women in male-dominated societies as Select one: a. retribution. b. inevitable. c. hyperreactive. d. merely a falsity.

b. inevitable.

C. Wright Mills advocated the use of the sociological imagination to view divorce in the United States because divorce Select one: a. is a serious personal problem for numerous men and women. b. is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern. c. may create emotional scars for divorcees. d. has been a serious problem throughout history.

b. is not just an individual's personal problem but a societal concern.

A particular sociology instructor decides what subject matter will be covered each time her class meets. The fact that the instructor can make these decisions and that the students must follow her lead is an example of Select one: a. charisma. b. power. c. politics. d. force.

b. power.

Susie is beginning to use words and symbols to distinguish objects and ideas. According to Jean Piaget's cognitive theory of development, Susie is in the Select one: a. sensorimotor stage. b. preoperational stage. c. concrete operational stage. d. formal operational stage.

b. preoperational stage.

Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels said, "The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles.... The ________ have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win. WORKING MEN OF ALL COUNTRIES, UNITE!" Select one: a. bourgeoisie b. proletarians c. Vulcans d. middle classes

b. proletarians

A research measure that provides consistent results is considered Select one: a. valid. b. reliable. c. an index. d. a scale.

b. reliable.

Jaime's current gender identity does not match their physical identity at birth. Jaime is considered Select one: a. transsexual. b. transgender. c. transvestites. d. bisexual.

b. transgender.

Which sociologist pointed out that better-educated people tend to have greater access to factual information? Select one: a. Max Weber b. Arlie Hochschild c. Robin Williams d. Robert Merton

c. Robin Williams

The pluralist model is criticized most significantly for Select one: a. its failure to weigh the impact of new communications technologies. b. constituting a kind of "reverse discrimination" against White males. c. an almost total exclusion of racial and ethnic minorities from the political process. d. only recognizing minority racial and ethnic groups at election time.

c. an almost total exclusion of racial and ethnic minorities from the political process.

In all cultures, which of the following assumes the ultimate responsibility for the protection and upbringing of children? Select one: a. tribes b. communities c. families d. kinships

c. families

Norms governing everyday behavior, the violation of which raises comparatively little concern, are known as Select one: a. mores. b. cultural universals. c. folkways. d. laws.

c. folkways.

Fans of the TV show Star Trek meet in costume at a convention celebrating the anniversary of the show's conception. Which sociological perspective would be most likely to focus attention on this event? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. global perspective

c. interactionist perspective

When conducting ethnographic research as a participant observer, the investigator must Select one: a. develop friendships with key members of the study group. b. not be concerned about gaining acceptance by the study group. c. maintain some degree of detachment. d. use the same persona in the control group as he or she did with the study group.

c. maintain some degree of detachment.

Realistic portrayals of minorities and working-class persons tend to be ignored by mass media decision-makers primarily because Select one: a. viewers only enjoy fantasizing about being rich and powerful. b. most decisions are driven by Nielsen ratings. c. most decisions are made overwhelmingly by wealthy White males. d. minorities and working-class people feel ashamed of their social position.

c. most decisions are made overwhelmingly by wealthy White males.

Which of the following is considered one way the media reaffirm proper behavior in society? Select one: a. newscasters discussing narcotic desensitizing b. a daytime talk show discussion on homosexuality c. movie and TV scenes showing criminals getting caught by authorities d. movie and TV scenes depicting the rape of women

c. movie and TV scenes showing criminals getting caught by authorities

Teachers and guidance counselors may encourage male students to pursue careers in the sciences, but then steer equally talented female students into careers as early childhood teachers. Such socialization into traditional gender roles is considered a form of Select one: a. social integration. b. political integration. c. social control. d. political control.

c. social control.

World systems analysis is Select one: a. Karl Marx's view that the bourgeois nations such as England would dominate the proletarian nations such as India. b. Erving Goffman's view that world peace would result from many types of nations interacting with one another. c. Talcott Parsons's view that the inequality that exists among nations is necessary for world stability. d. Immanuel Wallerstein's view that nations exist in an interdependent global economy resting on unequal economic and political relationships.

d. Immanuel Wallerstein's view that nations exist in an interdependent global economy resting on unequal economic and political relationships.

Laissez-faire refers to a form of ________ under which people compete freely with minimal government intervention in the economy. Select one: a. socialism b. communism c. totalitarianism d. capitalism

d. capitalism

A bureaucracy is a(n) Select one: a. two-member group. b. small group in which there is little intimacy or mutual understanding and in which relationships are impersonal. c. organization established on the basis of common interest whose members volunteer or even pay to participate. d. component of a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency.

d. component of a formal organization that uses rules and hierarchical ranking to achieve efficiency.

Adler and Adler's work on self-injury reflects which of the three major sociological approaches? Select one: a. global, functionalist, and interactionist perspectives b. conflict, interactionist, and global perspectives c. interactionist, global, and feminist perspectives d. functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives

d. functionalist, conflict, and interactionist perspectives

Oligarchies emerge because Select one: a. people in leadership roles have skills, knowledge, or charismatic appeal. b. the most capable people always rise to the top of a bureaucracy, and they are respected by their followers, who permit them to rule unhindered. c. the rank and file of a movement or organization look to leaders for direction and thereby reinforce the process of rule by a few. d. people in leadership roles have skills, knowledge, or charismatic appeal; and the rank and file of a movement or organization look to leaders for direction and thereby reinforce the process of rule by a few.

not D

Which sociological perspective would most likely suggest that sports help to maintain people's physical well-being? Select one: a. functionalist perspective b. conflict perspective c. interactionist perspective d. feminist perspective

a. functionalist perspective

The "act of bringing about the death of a hopelessly ill and suffering person in a relatively quick and painless way for reasons of mercy" is called Select one: a. active euthanasia. b. euthanasia. c. activity theory. d. gerontology.

b. euthanasia.

In what terms does the developing country of Zambia define poverty? Select one: a. whether or not the breadwinner of a family holds consistent work b. the inability to afford specific foods on a subsistence diet c. the ability to pay for schooling for at least one child d. whether or not the breadwinner of a family is unemployed

b. the inability to afford specific foods on a subsistence diet

The controlling factor for the functionalist perspective is Select one: a. the medical profession. b. the physician as a gatekeeper. c. social inequities. d. medicalization.

b. the physician as a gatekeeper.

The largest influx of Vietnamese immigration occurred Select one: a. during and after the Spanish-American War. b. during and after World War I. c. during and after World War II. d. during and after the Vietnam War.

d. during and after the Vietnam War.

Cost-efficiency is an advantage associated with which of the following research designs? Select one: a. survey b. ethnography c. experiment d. existing sources

d. existing sources