Sociology Exam 1

Marx conceptualized capitalist society as made up of the proletariat and bourgeoisie, both of which he described as what?

Social classes

The collection of laws, morals, values, religious beliefs, customs, fashions, ritual, and all of the cultural rules that govern social life are referred to as:

Social facts

Patterns of beliefs and behaviors focused on meeting social needs, such as government, education, and economy, are called what by sociologist?

Social institutions

According to C Wright Mills, when one sees their own and other people's behavior in relation to history and social structure, they are said to possess what "most fruitful form" of self-consciousness?

Sociological Imagination

According to this theoretical orientation, social institutions play a vital role in helping a society remain stable:

Structural-functionalism

According to this perspective, people construct and change society through every day, microlevel interactions:

Symbolic interactionalism

Which of sociology's theoretical paradigms is defined by its focus on interaction, meaning, and situational context?

Symbolic interactionalism

Constructivism proposes that reality is what humans cognitively construct it to be.

True

Sociologist define society as a group of people who reside in a defined area, share a culture, and who interact.

True

A measurement is said to be what when it actually measures what it is intended to measure?

Valid

A hypothesis can be defined as:

a testable proposition

Marx conceptualized the condition in which the individual is isolated and divorced from his or her society, work, and/or the sense of self as what?

Ailenation

Which of the following are considered scientific sources of empirical evidence(select the three that apply):

direct experience, experimentation, and collected data

Sociologists develop theories to explain social events, interactions, and patterns as the effects of (select the four that apply):

social organization, culture, groups, and human interaction

Sociology is defined as the:

systematic study of society and social interaction

Which of the following best describes the way in which sociologists go about studying human action?

systematically

Marx maintained these consistent result of one class dominating another:

Class antagonisms

Durkheim called the communal beliefs, morals, and attitudes of a society what?

Collective Conscience

According to this theoretical orientation, society is divided into classes shaped and determined by the competition over limited resources and control over their distribution:

Conflict

Scientific disciplines and their knowledge are based on empirical evidence.

true

Durkheim explained the structure of society and the form of solidarity within a society was influenced by what?

Division of labor

Unlike Emile Durkheim, Karl Max did not believe the economy determines what a society will be like.

False

The unanticipated outcomes of a social process are conceptualized as what kinds of functions in structural-functionalist theory?

Latent functions

What type of solidarity is formed by the interdependence of persons as a result of their social differences?

Organic solidarity

Our textbook describes the philosophical and theoretical frameworks within a discipline used to formulate theories, generalizations, and the research intended to support them as:

Paradigms