Sociology Final

Social class

A division of a society based on social and economic status.

According to the US General Accounting Office, an employer that violates more than one federal or state labor law concerning wages, overtime, child labor, safety and health, or industrial regulation is classified

A sweatshop

What is a sweatshop

A workplace where workers are subject to extreme exploitation, including below-standard wages, long hours, and poor working conditions that may pose health or safety hazards

New innovations in farming like mechanized seed spreaders and new techniques of crop rotation were part of what macro-level social change

Agriculture revolution

Who is the following is one of the primary principles of capitalism

An economic system in which natural resources and the means of producing goods and services are privately owned

Crime

An unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.

A political system that denies ordinary people participation or representation in their government is called

Authoritarianism she

The ability to direct one's individual destiny is

Autonomy

Someone who works primarily with information and develops or uses knowledge in the workplace is called

Commodity chains

What is it called when a government bars an individual, either temporarily or permanently, from voting

Disenfranchised

What is the central means by which modern society transmits knowledge, values, and expectations to its members

Education

Where did the industrial revolution begin

England

The cultural and economic changes that result from dramatic increases in international trade and exchange are called

Globalization

What are the benefits of telecommuting

Increases productivity.

A group of nonprofit organizations that are designed to run as cost effectively as possible and to direct any earnings back into the causes they supported

Independent sector

What effect did the Taft-Hartley Act if 1946 have on unions

It instituted limits on secondary strikes and boycotts.

Why does a company outsource or contract out labor they might otherwise employ their own staff to perform?

It is cheaper

Criminal justice system

Legislatures, police, courts, and prisons.

Tactics that let workers take back some degree of control over the conditions in which they work are called

Resistant strategies

In terms of health and life expectancy, what is "the great equalizer"

Smoking

The economic system based on collective ownership of the means of production and collective distribution of goods and services is called

Socialism

Organization formed expressly to raise and spend money in order to influence elected officials are called

Special interest groups

Differential association theory

The idea that individuals learn to be deviant by interacting with others who are already deviant.

Why do critics object to school vouchers

They do not improve public education

When students are tested, and the test results are used to place them in a certain category of classes, this process is called

Tracking

Firms that purposely transcend national borders so that their products can be manufactured at sites all over the world are called

Transnational corporations

An association of workers who organize to improve their economic status and working conditions is called

Unions

Orders of social class

Upper, middle, lower, and working class.