Sociology Final Chapter 7

Which theorist believed that economic relationships were the only social relationships that mattered?

Karl Marx

A recent news story reported that when a newly engaged woman gave some change to a homeless man, her ring fell into his coin jar. After he proceeded to return it. he received a large sum of money in donations from people touched by the story. This is an example of

The just-world hypothesis

In industrialized, capitalist societies, stratification systems are most commonly based on

a social class system

Joanie lost her job eight months ago and has not been able to find a new one. She and her children were kicked out of their apartment because they were behind on rent. With no income, Joanie and the kids are living on the street. Each meal is a significant hardship for the family because they often cannot find food, and the family is becoming malnourished. Joanie and her family are experiencing

absolute deprivation

Francisco has highly educated parents. Throughout his school years, each parent took turns ensuring he understood his coursework. They put much effort into conveying the value and importance of education to Francisco has higher than a 4.0 high school grade point average and is now applying to the top private colleges in the nation. According to Bourdieu, Francisco acquired______from his parents

cultural capital

The American Dream legitimizes social stratification by reinforcing the idea that

everyone has the same chance to succeed, and success or failure is completely determined by the individual person.

General predictions can often be made about a person's life chances based on their socioeconomic status. In general, people of lower socioeconomic status are less likely to encounter the criminal justice system.

false

In America, all citizens have equal chances of obtaining significant wealth during their lifetime. Is this statement true or false? Defend your answer using information from the textbook.

false

Joe grew up in the Barbados. He vacationed in Russia and met Rosi, a Russian citizen. When they married, they demonstrated which concept?

heterogamy

Unlike students at public schools, private school students are often offered the opportunity to learn tennis and golf. This is because

in terms of social reproduction, it is important to offer such experiences to upper class kids

In three months, our local community will be having a very important election for city council members. As Jorge drives through town, he notices that wealthy and middle-class areas have political signs in almost every yard while there are no signs at all in poor, neighborhoods. This exemplifies which concept?

political disenfranchisement

The division of society into groups arranged in a social hierarchy is called

social stratification

A woman has her Ph. D in child development yet she continues to work as a low-paid preschool aide. This is an example of status inconsistency

status inconsistency

Consider the three major theoretical perspectives we've routinely explored throughout our text. The perspective is likely to explore the ways in which poverty serves a purpose in society by ensuring that even the " ugly" jobs get done.

structural functionalism

Consider the three major theoretical perspectives routinely explored throughout the text. Which theorist explores the ways in which poverty serves a purpose in our society by providing jobs to many people in the social service sector?

structural functionalist

Cal is a farmer in India. In a few weeks, he plans to marry Mala. Considering the most prevalent system of stratification in India, Mala is most likely a member of which social category

sudra (farmers, artisans, & laborers)

Many people choose to buy an expensive car though they cannot easily afford the monthly payment. Driving the car becomes an important part of performing their social class. Choose the one perspective and one concept with which this statement most closely aligns.

symbolic interactionism

The idea that entrenched attitudes can develop among poor communities and lead the poor to accept their fate is called

the culture of poverty

Elizabeth has a graduate degree and works as the program director for a local nonprofit organization. She owns her home and enjoys traveling during her yearly two-week vacation. She is most likely a member of which social class in the United States?

upper-middle class

Vertical social mobility is often referred to as

upward or downward mobility

Which person is likely to confer the greatest status in the United States?

white male