Sociology final exam review- Unit 2 chapters 5,6,11,12

All societies enforce some type of incest taboo, which A. forbids sexual relations between close relatives. B. creates an authority pattern in the community. C. ensures economic stability. D. replaces members of a society who die or move away.

A

Compensatory education programs such as English as a Second Language (ESL) and Headstart serve the purpose of allowing all students to access the curriculum. A. Functionalism B. Symbolic Interactionism C. Conflict Theory

A

Families help to develop an individual's self concept by forcing constant adjustments through contact with others. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Functionalism C. Conflict Theory

A

Far-reaching social change is needed to reduce or eliminate social inequality and to create an egalitarian society. A. Conflict Theory B. Functionalism C. Symbolic Interactionism

A

Individuals are subordinate to systems of power. A. Conflict Theory B. Functionalism C. Symbolic Interactionism

A

The main form of food production in ___________________ is farming with the use of tools and work animals to produce surplus crops. A. Agricultural Societies B. Pastoral C. Horticultural Societies D. Hunting and Gathering Societies

A

Views socialization as a way for the powerful to keep things the same. A. Conflict Theory B. Functionalism C. Symbolic Interactionism

A

What best describes the extended family? A. Where two or three generations live under the same roof or on the same compound. B. Two parents and children living separately from the rest of the family. C. When people remarry and blend their pre-existing families together under one roof. D. Families living with their friends.

A

When a person studies, imitates, and compares their behavior to that of local country club members, the country club members are described as a: A. Reference group B. Outsider group C. Authority group D. Emulation group

A

Which of the following are examples of achieved statuses? A. All of these are achieved statuses. B. Musician C. Basketball player D. Actor

A

Which of the following would best embody a society that followed "homogamy"? A. Individuals have a tendency to date and marry within their socioeconomic class. B. Only women are required to marry someone who lives outside of their home town. C. People are required to marry someone of their same religion. D. The parents of children arrange a marriage partner for them by age 10.

A

Which of the following would not be a purpose of education according to a functionalist sociologist? A. maintaining a power structure that benefits the rich B. teaching knowledge and social skills C. transmitting non-material culture D. social integration and occupational placement

A

A young person's understanding of their role in family may change as they witness patterns of behavior after the arrival of a new brother or sister. A. Conflict Theory B. Symbolic Interactionism C. Functionalism

B

American children are taught that sexual activity should be reserved for married couples. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Functionalism C. Conflict Theory

B

Individuals negotiate their definitions of the situations in which they find themselves and socially construct the reality of these situations. A. Conflict Theory B. Symbolic Interactionism C. Functionalism

B

Network television programs encourage social integration by exposing the entire society to shared beliefs, values and norms. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Functionalism C. Conflict Theory

B

One status tends to take rank above all others. This status that plays the greatest role in shaping a person's life and determining his or her social identity is called a(n): A. Anticipated status B. Master status C. Achieved status D. Ascribed status

B

People construct their roles as they interact; they do not merely learn the roles that society has set out for them. A. Conflict Theory B. Symbolic Interactionism C. Functionalism

B

Primary groups are often characterized by all of the following except: A. informal/personal social environments B. task-oriented interactions C. frequent face-to-face contact D. small size

B

Students with more money often have a future occupational advantage over students from impoverished schools. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Conflict Theory C. Functionalism

B

When a teacher identifies a student as academically gifted, provides them with extra attention, and finds that the student is outperforming their peers, it is an example of: A. integrative education. B. the self-fulfilling prophecy. C. cultural bias. D. tracked insight.

B

Which individual described below is the best example of someone experiencing role conflict? A. A parent wants her daughter to be able to confide in her, but worries that she is too lenient with discipline. B. A student is overwhelmed with maintaining his grades due to working more and more hours at his part-time hardware store job. C. An Army Drill Sergeant struggles with disciplining a soldier after finding out the young recruit's mother is currently on her death bed in the hospital. D. A young commercial airline pilot is put on probation after violating safety-check policy on back-to-back flights.

B

Which individual described below is the best example of someone experiencing role strain? A. A coach has a tough time finishing up practice before he has to go pick up his son from daycare. B. A first-year public school teacher is struggling to keep up with grading, lesson planning, and professional development. C. A police officer catches a close friend of his son's drinking alcohol underage. D. A restauranteur misses her sister's birthday party after a number of servers call in sick.

B

Which of the following is a common reason for parents to choose homeschool? A. They are dissatisfied with the quality of education offered by public schools. B. There are certain ideological or religious perspectives they want their children to know. C. The location of their assigned school is convenient to their family. D. They desire less control over their children's educational curriculum.

B

You have been invited to speak at your college's commencement ceremony. You would be speaking to a ________ group. A. Primary B. Secondary C. Close D. Bored

B

In many traditional households, husbands use their economic position as "breadwinner" to control how money is spent. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Functionalism C. Conflict Theory

C

Kinship traced through a mother's side of the family is referred to as A. bilateral descent. B. neolocality. C. matrilineal descent. D. matrilocality.

C

Schools teach a hidden curriculum, instructing students on topics like conformity and achievement. A. Conflict Theory B. Functionalism C. Symbolic Interactionism

C

Stresses the ways in which groups work together to create a stable society. A. Symbolic Interactionism B. Conflict Theory C. Functionalism

C

The features of a bureaucracy include all of the following except: A. A division of labor based on the principle of specialization and division of labor. B. Highly detailed written records of work and activity kept on file as an organizational "memory." C. A leadership structure which places primary power in the hands of the workers. D. Promotion based on the basis of merit and qualifications.

C

The voucher system is best described as A. a system of laws that sets up high-stakes standardized testing for students in reading, writing, and math. B. an approval/rating system for charter schools and magnet schools. C. a program where the money spent per child on public education is available to families to remove their children from the system to put them in private schooling. D. a method to raise taxes and increase funding for the public school system.

C

What is not a likely effect of the boomerang kids trend? A. Societal re-norming related to young people's post-college expectations. B. The redefining of parents' financial responsibilities for their children. C. A higher sense of self-worth among the young people returning to live at home. D. Higher levels of marital dissatisfaction among the parents of returning children.

C

Which of the following is not a common criticism of the bureaucratic school system? A. The bureaucratic school system does not account for learning styles of a diverse array of students. B. The bureaucratic system has too little government input on the curriculum taught to the students. C. The bureaucratic school system efficiently conveys a broad curriculum to a large number of students. D. The bureaucratic system struggles to manage large budgets and the needs of many different schools.

C

Which of the following is not one of the five types of interaction that take place in societies throughout the world: A. Social Exchange B. Coercion C. Accommodation D. Conflict

C

Which of the following represents a groupthink dynamic? A. A group shares information widely and makes an excellent community policy recommendation. B. A group leader makes a decision without consulting anyone, and the decision is a bad one. C. A group seeks consensus, but makes poor decisions because the members are unwilling to threaten the group's solidarity. D. A group seeks opinion differences, and as a result makes a poor policy recommendation.

C

Placing students in curricula consistent with the expectations for their eventual occupation or academic achievements is known as A. hidden curriculum. B. meritocracy. C. cultural bias. D. tracking.

D

Statuses and their related roles determine the structure of the various groups in society. When these statuses and roles are organized to satisfy one or more of the basic needs of society, the group is called a(n): A. Bureaucracy B. Primary Group C. Secondary Group D. Social Institution

D

Which scenario best illustrates a "blended family"? A. Two single individuals, both divorcees, meet and marry after six months. B. A father (African-American) and a mother (white) get married and have two children of mixed-race heritage. C. A same-sex couple made up of two women (legally married in their state) adopts a young boy from China. D. A father with two children from a previous relationship gets married to a woman with no children.

D