Sociology Final

Alan's daughter wears dresses, plays with dolls, and likes to pretend she is a princess. Alan does not think society has influenced her preferences at all. He views his daughter as evidence that human behavior is determined by genes and hormones. Which term best describes Alan's Views?

Biological determinism

Which of the following aligns with the ideas of black feminism?

Black women face unique oppressions that white women, and even black men, do not.

According to scientists, what is the number-one contributor to rising global temperatures?

CO2 emissions

How does genetic testing relate to race?

Definitive genetic markers for race do not exist

Michelle is doing a school project that involves visiting a local mosque and interviewing Muslims about their everyday life experiences in Indiana. What advice would Jen'nan Read likely give to Michelle?

Don't confuse ethnicity and religion, wrongly assuming that "Muslim" and "Arab" are one the same.

bob and LaShonda paint their baby's room pink as soon as they find out they are having a girl. They are beginning to provide the baby with what?

Her gendered identity

which act formalized the exclusive definition of whiteness by imposing immigration restrictions based on a national origins quota system that limited the yearly number of immigrants for each country?

Immigration Act of 1924

Compared to organic megafarms, why are small organic farms at a disadvantages?

Maintaining USDA certification is expensive

Which of the following is one of the reasons why sociologists view gender as a social construction rather than a biological given?

Our understandings of, categorizations of , and behaviors toward what it means to be a man or woman have changed throughout history and vary across different societies.

When Shelly, a white American, sees a Middle Eastern man, she worries that he may be a terrorist. She would never say this and would never take action on these thoughts, but nonetheless, they come into her mind. Despite her commitment to fair treatment, she is harboring:

Prejudice

Often nonscientists - such as politicians - make decisions that affect the course of science. Which of the following is an example of this?

President Bush and steam cell research

According to intersex activists, why do parents and surgeons push to assign a sex to a genitally ambiguous child?

Social discomfort and fear of difference

After a traumatic accident, a male baby is left with a micropenis that is badly damaged. Based on the case of David Reimer, what would likely be most helpful?

The baby and parents should participate in medical decision making in age appropriate ways

Sexuality refers to desire, sexual preference, sexual identity, and behavior. Which of the following is true about sexuality?

There is enormous variation in how humans have sex and what it means to them.

It is argued in your textbook that gender structures relationships by giving men advantages in society. As a result, which of the following is LEAST likely to happen?

When men enter female-dominated occupations, they often become victims sexual harassment.

Sociologist Cynthia Fuchs Epstein argues that deceptive distinctions are those sex differences that arise out of the roles individuals occupy rather than from some innate force. Which of the following is an example of deceptive distinction?

a boy who is a football player and acts fearless and bold

Samuel is a white Christan minister in 1830. Like most of his contemporaries, he believes in the biblical "curse of Ham". This means that when Samuel sees an African American, he sees:

a descendent of Ham, the original black man who was set apart as cursed

Which of the following would be considered a positive trait or characteristic for a man within today's hegemonic masculinity?

a love of sports

Judith Lorber argues that gender is a social institution because it it:

a major structure organizing our day-to-day experiences

Until 1973, the American Psychiatric association and the American Psychological Association listed homosexuality as:

a mental disorder

if we apply the sociological imagination to sex, gender, and sexuality, we might argue that:

although biological difference exist between men and woman, what we make of those differences is socially constructed and has throughout time and place.

What is one of the risks genetic modification may pose to the environment?

an ecological chain reaction

Sociologists who study scientists in the laboratory do so typically because they:

are interested in how scientific facts are socially constructed

Which of the following is considered one of the main benefits of genetically modified organisms (GMOs)?

better ability to resist insects

A sociologist studies Marie's family dynamics; she is a transgender woman who was raised as a boy named Max. The sociologist notices Maries's father "deadnaming" her. What is going on?

calling her "Max" even though she asks to be called "Marie"

During the mid-twentieth century in the United States, many black people moved north to escape Jim Crow laws in the rural South. This resulted in:

competition for housing and employment in the North, resulting in violent clashes between white and black people

Phrenology was an early-twentieth-century pseudoscientific approach that claimed people's intelligence, capacities, and race could be identified by examining:

differences in head formation

America's first naturalization law, passed in 1790, granted citizenship to:

free white persons

In the modern United States, people see physical markers such as hair type or skin color and think of race. In ancient Egypt, physical markers were seen as linked to:

geography

Japanese internment camps resulted in:

greater wealth for white Americans

The concept of race:

has changed over time and varied across societies

Al Gore's film An Inconvenient Truth documented the effect of _______ on climate temperature.

human activity

Which of the following is a potential problem with high-yield crops?

increased water usage

The green revolution, by increasing new technologies requiring more skills, has resulted in:

increasing the value of formal schooling for women in real areas

Similar to hegemonic masculinity, other social problems that exist within a dominant group in a society tend to seem:

invisible because they are regarded as the norm

Alfred Kinsey's 1948 study, Sexual Behavior in the Human Male, is important because:

it demonstrated how sexuality exists on a continuum, thus challenging the psychiatric claim of homosexuality as abnormal

A sociologist, biologist, and psychologist are studying the casques and consequences of obesity. Their results:

may be complementary or conflicting

Which of the following is something scientists predict will result from a continued rise in global temperatures?

migration from coastal communities

Which group believed that humans were one species, united under God?

monogenists

In Navajo tribes, there are three genders. Which of the following is their third gender category?

nadle

Christoph Wilhelm Lucht is an American living in Chicago during World War 1. Concerned about discrimination against German Americans, he makes choices that will help his family survive. Sociologists call his strategy "passing," citing as an example his choice to:

name his daughter Jane and to be happy when she marries and changes her last name to Jones.

A hypothetical nation decides to make population policy based on the fictional film Gattaca. After watching this film, Policy makers would most likely decide to:

perform genetic testing at birth and select the best for survival

Under Johann Casper Lavater's theory of __________, people with light skin were thought to have higher intellect.

physiognomy

Which group believed that different races were distinct species?

polygenists

Because of the green revolution, food production has kept pace with:

population growth

One of the main reasons farmers genetically modify their produce is so they:

produce higher yields

In 1942, 120,000 Japanese Americans were sent by federal order to internment camps. Afterward, all Asian Americans (regardless of their country of origin and/or U.S. citizenship status) went from being a relatively unnoticed group to being singled out for discrimination. This is an example of:

radicalization

The 1896 Supreme Court decision Plessy v. Ferguson upheld:

segregation

The Supreme Court's landmark 1954 decision in Brown v. Board of Education struck down what doctrine?

separate but equal

In Brazil, gender is determined by:

sexual practice

Sociologically speaking, the BRCA1 gene mutation is a good example of how:

social practices can change the effects of genes

The green revolution has made it expensive for individual farms to survive on their own, so new collectives and cooperatives have emerged to bring together household farmer? Emilie Durkheim might call this a type of:

social solidarity

Sociologists worry that the Human Genome Project could position people positively or negatively based on their genetic codes and thus lead to greater:

stratification and inequality in society

In our society, many people take for granted that sex itself is socially constructed. Which of the following is an outcome of this sexual dichotomization?

the exclusion of those who don't fit neatly into one category or the other

Which of the following examples calls into question the two firm categories of sex and gender that dominate our thinking?

the existence of people who cannot be easily classified as male or female (biologically speaking) and the fact that more than two gender groups exist in other cultures

The introduction of high-yield crop varietals in developing countries and improvements in agricultural technologies are two trends that fall under the umbrella of:

the green revolution

In considering the nature of scientific knowledge, philosopher Ian Hacking suggests that:

there is something legitimate in both social constructivism and scientific truth

Nazis identified jews as a "race," and race was believed to be biological Nonetheless, Jews were forced to wear a yellow Star of David because:

there was no reliable physical indicator of this supposed "race"

During European colonialism, ethnocentrism classified whites as normal, and nonwhites as abnormal and inferior, to help justify:

unequal treatment and conquest

According to Peggy Mclntosh (1988), which of the following statements about "being white" is most accurate? If you are white,

you don't have to think much about your racial identity