Sociology Pearson Questions- CH 2

An image, object, or idea that carries additional meanings beyond itself to others who share in the culture is called a __________. blueprint symbol social fact social certainty

symbol

The bald eagle is the national emblem of the United States. In this context, the bald eagle is an example of a cultural __________. folkway value symbol norm

symbol

__________ can purvey and perpetuate dominant social and cultural ideas or be sites of contestation and change. Cultural relativism Ethnocentrism Mass media Cultural diffusion

mass media

Of the following, which did the text identify as an agent of great change and cultural diffusion? art language religion media

media

Which of the following statements about culture lag is true? Culture lag is a relatively gradual process. Culture lag occurs when material culture and nonmaterial culture move at the same fast pace. Culture lag occurs when material culture and nonmaterial culture move at the same slow pace. Culture lag is always a very fast process.

Culture lag is a relatively gradual process

Which of the following statements regarding cultures is true? Members of a counterculture wish to be members of the dominant culture. Members of a subculture always appear indistinguishable from the larger culture. Members of a counterculture are in opposition to the dominant culture. Members of a subculture have no power.

Members of a counterculture are in opposition to the dominant culture.

Which of the following statements regarding different forms of culture is true? Sociologists are interested in creating a hierarchy of different forms of culture in order to rank which is better. Sociologists are interested in how different forms of culture work in ways that perpetuate—and often justify—inequalities between groups. Sociologists believe that popular culture is a better form of culture than high culture. Sociologists believe that high culture is a better form of culture than popular culture.

Sociologists are interested in how different forms of culture work in ways that perpetuate—and often justify—inequalities between groups.

Which of the following statements about the Internet is true? The Internet has not transformed mass media nor is it a new form of mass media. The Internet has not only transformed mass media but is a new form of mass media in its own right. The Internet has transformed mass media but it is not a new form of mass media. The Internet has not transformed mass media but it is a new form of mass media.

The Internet has not only transformed mass media but is a new form of mass media in its own right.

Which of the following statements regarding cultural diffusion and culture lag is true? Culture lag and cultural diffusion can only be fixed through violence and force. Cultural diffusion is unrelated to culture lag. With cultural diffusion, there is often culture lag. Culture lag always comes before cultural diffusion.

With cultural diffusion, there is often culture lag.

Which of the following is considered part of nonmaterial culture? a beach a religious belief a popular song a computer

a religious belief

Knowing how to play golf might help you achieve status among the wealthy and elite, and thus is a form of __________. cultural diffusion cultural relativism ethnocentrism cultural capital

cultural capital

The fact that cultures around the world are vastly different from each other is called __________. cultural diversity ethnocentrism cultural imperialism cultural universals

cultural diversity

Coca-Cola is available worldwide, although the company's home is in Atlanta, Georgia. Critics of this brand's popularity overseas, which results in the transfer of cultural ideas and values to other countries and revenue from local economies to America, accuse Coca-Cola of __________. ethnocentrism multiculturalism cultural diffusion cultural imperialism

cultural imperialism

_________ is a standpoint that considers all cultures as equally valid in the experience of their own members. Cultural diversity Cultural relativism Cultural norming Ethnocentrism

cultural relativism

Which of the following is a true statement about global cultural transfer? Global cultural trends always emerge from below. Cultural transfer is not always one directional. Cultural transfer is always one directional. Global cultural trends always emerge from above.

cultural transfer is not always one directional

The fact that you are taking this sociology class means that you are learning ideas that have been transmitted across generations. This is an example of __________. identity culture law symbol

culture

The relatively gradual process by which nonmaterial elements of culture catch up with changes in material culture is known as __________. cultural relativism culture lag culture shock cultural diffusion

culture lag

The unsettled or disoriented feeling experienced by a traveler to another land, where all the habits are unfamiliar, is known as __________. ethnocentrism cultural diffusion culture shock cultural imperialism

culture shock

The debate in the United States over whether and how sex education should be taught in public schools—with some groups arguing for comprehensive sex education and other groups arguing for abstinence-only education—is an example of what sociologists call __________. culture wars cultural diffusion ethnocentrism cultural relativism

culture wars

The popularity of Twitter in many areas of the world is an example of cultural __________. division diffusion relativism development

diffusion

A belief that one's culture is superior to that of others is called __________. cultural diversity ethnocentrism cultural orientation cultural relativism

ethnocentrism

Which of the following is the most dynamic, fluid, quickest to change, and of shortest duration? All of these are equally dynamic and of equal duration. fashion fad high culture

fad

The practice of tattooing, once associated with lower-class and even dangerous groups, became a __________ in the 1990s but today is accepted as __________, with one out of five American adults and four in ten 18- to 29-year-olds having at least one tattoo. folkway; a ritual fad; fashion fashion; a fad norm; a fad

fad; fashion

The idea that women guests should not wear white to a wedding is an example of a __________. ritual folkway mos (singular of mores) value

folkway

__________ is/are an organized set of symbols by which we are able to think and communicate with others. Language Rituals Values Norms

language

If a social group has a shared and informal expectation for behavior, that is a __________. Once this shared expectation becomes organized, written down, and formalized, it is then a __________. ritual; folkway norm; law law; norm law; ritual

norm; law

__________ tell(s) us how to behave; __________ tell(s) us why. Rituals; language Norms; values Language; rituals Values; norms

norms; values

A basketball game is a form of __________. popular culture cultural relativism high culture cultural feedback

popular culture

The fact that the national anthem is sung at the beginning of all professional sports games in the United States is an example of a __________. law ritual mos (singular of mores) folkway

ritual

Many cultures have a traditional ceremony in the days or months following the birth of a baby, recognizing and welcoming the child into the group. These events are examples of __________. folkways norms laws rituals

rituals

One of the chief functions of many __________, such as the family, education, or religion, is to transmit the values and rules of a society to the next generation. subcultures social inequalities countercultures social institutions

social institutions

During the 1960s, __________ would have been considered a countercultural group. church groups supporting the war efforts students protesting the war members of the armed forces government bureaucrats

students protesting the war

Some research shows that people in different cultures perceive shades of color differently because of variation in the array of words used to describe colors that are present in each culture's language. This is an example of __________. cultural assimilation the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis ethnocentrism cultural imperialism

the Sapir-Whorf hypothesis

What often causes culture lag? the level of technology changes in social etiquette the aging of the population the media

the level of technology

The human use of language is different from that of animals in that humans use language to __________. indicate mood transmit culture transmit danger signs indicate hunger

transmit culture