SOCIOLOGY TEST 4 QUESTIONS (CH. 14-17)

Which nation is an absolute monarchy? A. Oman B. Great Britain C. Denmark D. Australia

A. Oman

Many constitutional monarchies started out as: A. oligarchies B. absolute monarchies C. dictatorships D. democracies

B. absolute monarchies

Which is not one of functionalism's four main purposes of government? A. Maintaining law and order B. Meeting social needs C. Equally distributing resources D. Planning and directing society

C. Equally distributing resources

Same-sex couple households account for _____ percent of U.S. households. A. 1 B. 10 C. 15 D. 30

A. 1

What are the major factors that affect education systems throughout the world? A. Resources and money B. Student interest C. Teacher interest D. Transportation

A. Resources and money

Children of divorced parents are _______ to divorce in their own marriage than children of parents who stayed married. A. more likely B. less likely C. equally likely

A. more likely

The majority of U.S. children live in: A. two-parent households B. one-parent households C. no-parent households D. multigenerational households

A. two-parent households

Which of the following is not a manifest function of education? A. Cultural innovation B. Courtship C. Social placement D. Socialization

B. Courtship

In the past, Southern states discouraged African Americans from voting by requiring them to take a _____________________ test. A. blood B. literacy C. lie detector D. citizenship

B. literacy

Which socialist perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps to maintain social inequalities within a society? A. Functional B. Symbolic interactionist C. Conflict theory D. Feminist perspective

C. Conflict theory

What term describes the separation of students based on merit? A .Cultural transmission B. Social control C. Sorting D. Hidden curriculum

C. Sorting

Karl Marx believed social structures evolve through: A. supply and demand B. enlightenment C. conflict D. cooperation

C. conflict

The main difference between an ecclesia and a denomination is: A. the number of followers or believers is much larger for denominations B. the geographical location varies for ecclesia versus denominations C. ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion D. there are no important differences; the terms are interchangeable

C. ecclesia are state-sponsored and considered an official religion

In general, children in ______ households benefit from divorce. A. stepfamily B. multigenerational C. high-conflict D. Low-conflict

C. high-conflict

Social scientists refer to the use of a church to combat social injustice in the political realm as: A. the protestant work ethic B. conflict management C. liberation theology D. justice work

C. liberation theology

Couples who cohabitate before marriage are ______ couples who did not cohabitate before marriage to be married at least ten years. A. far more likely than B. far less likely than C. slightly less likely than D. equally as likely as

C. slightly less likely than

A child who associates his line of descent with his father's side only is part of a _____ society. A. matrilocal B. bilateral C. matrilineal D. patrilineal

D. patrilineal

Sociologists tend to define family in terms of A. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption B. the connection of bloodlines C. the status roles that exist in a family structure D. how closely members adhere to social norms

A. how a given society sanctions the relationships of people who are connected through blood, marriage, or adoption

Which type of child abuse is most prevalent in the United States? A. Physical abuse B. Neglect C. Shaken-baby syndrome D. Verbal mistreatment

B. Neglect

Informal education _________________. A. describes when students teach their peers B. refers to the learning of cultural norms C. only takes place at home D. relies on a planned instructional process

B. refers to the learning of cultural norms

A(n) _________________ is an extremely oppressive government that seeks to control all aspects of its citizens' lives. A. oligarchy B. totalitarian dictatorship C. anarchy D. absolute monarchy

B. totalitarian dictatorship

In what part of the world have Confucianism and Taoism been primarily practiced? A. India B. Europe C. China D. The Middle East

C. China

Which statement best explains the meaning of "one person, one vote"? A. One person should not be allowed to vote twice. B. A voter deserves one chance to vote. C. A voter should vote only once a year. D. All people's votes should count equally.

D. All people's votes should count equally.

Megachurches tend to have: A. a variety of male and female clergy B. numerous buildings in which to meet C. high attendance for only a limited time D. large arenas where services are held

D. large arenas where services are held

Which theory of education focuses on the ways in which education maintains the status quo? A. Conflict theory B. Feminist theory C. Functionalist theory D. Symbolic interactionism

A. Conflict theory

Which perspective most emphasizes the ways in which religion helps keep the social system running smoothly? A. Functional perspective B. Symbolic interactionist perspective C. Conflict perspective D. Feminist perspective

A. Functional perspective

Which president signed the Voting Rights Act? A. Lyndon Johnson B. John F. Kennedy Jr. C. Barack Obama D. Franklin D. Roosevelt

A. Lyndon Johnson

Which of the following do the functionalist and conflict perspectives share? A. Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms B. Emphasis on religion as providing social support C. Belief that religion helps explain the mysteries of life D. None of the above

A. Position that religion relates to social control, enforcing social norms

Some controversial groups that may be mislabeled as cults include: A. Scientology and the Hare Krishna B. the Peoples Temple and Heaven's Gate C. the Branch Davidians and the Manson Family D. Quakers and Pentecostals

A. Scientology and the Hare Krishna

According to the study cited by the U.S. Census Bureau, children who live with married parents grow up with more advantages than children who live with: A. a divorced parent B. a single parent C. a grandparent D. all of the above

A. a divorced parent

The 1972 case Mills v. Board of Education of the District of Columbia set a precedent for __________. A. access to education B. average spending on students C. desegregation of schools D. teacher salary

A. access to education

Sociologist G. William Domhoff's Who Rules America? asserts that wealth is often necessary to exert the most influence over social and political systems. This is a ____ perspective. A. conflict theory B. symbolic interactionist C. functionalist D. feminist

A. conflict theory

Learning from classmates that most students buy lunch on Fridays is an example of ________. A. cultural transmission B. educational access C. formal education D. informal education

A. cultural transmission

Plessy v. Ferguson set the precedent that _____________. A. racial segregation in schools was allowed B. separate schools for Black and White students were unconstitutional C. students do not have a right to free speech in public schools D. students have a right to free speech in public schools

A. racial segregation in schools was allowed

Which is not a characteristic of a democracy? A. People vote to elect officials. B. A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control. C. One goal of this type of government is to protect citizens' basic rights. D. A constitution typically outlines the foundational ideas of how this government should operate.

B. A king or queen holds the majority of governmental control.

Which of the following paradigms would consider movements such as Occupy Wall Street undesirable and unnecessarily forcing social change? A. Symbolic interactionism B. Functionalism C. Feminism D. Conflict theory

B. Functionalism

Which concept corresponds best to functionalism? A. Happiness B. Interdependence C. Revolution D. Symbolism

B. Interdependence

Which of the following is a criticism of the family life cycle model? A. It is too broad and accounts for too many aspects of family. B. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages. C. It does not serve a practical purpose for studying family behavior. D. It is not based on comprehensive research.

B. It is too narrowly focused on a sequence of stages.

Which current world figure has the least amount of political power? A. President Barack Obama B. Queen Elizabeth II C. British Prime Minister David Cameron D. North Korean leader Kim Jong-Un

B. Queen Elizabeth II

The U.S. Supreme Court case _________________ led to the revision of voting districts to account for differences in population density. A. Roe v. Wade B. Reynolds v. Sims C. Brown v. Board of Education D. Marbury v. Madison

B. Reynolds v. Sims

Which of the main theoretical perspectives would approach religion from the micro-level, studying how religion impacts an individual's sense of support and well-being? A. Functionalism B. Symbolic interactionism C. Conflict theory D. Feminism

B. Symbolic interactionism

The Arab Spring, Occupy Wall Street protests, and the Tea Party movement have the following in common: A. They sought to destroy central government. B. They are examples of conflict theory in action. C. They can only occur in a representative democracy. D. They used violence as the means of achieving their goals.

B. They are examples of conflict theory in action.

What do nations that are top-ranked in science and math have in common? A. They are all in Asia. B. They recruit top teachers. C. They spend more money per student. D. They use cutting-edge technology in classrooms.

B. They recruit top teachers.

In the U.S. Senate, it is customary to assign each senator a seniority ranking based on years of government service and the population of the state he or she represents. A top ranking gives the senator priority for assignments to office space, committee chair positions, and seating on the senate floor. What type of authority does this example best illustrate? A. Dictatorial B. Traditional C. Charismatic D. Legal-rational

B. Traditional

The Protestant work ethic was viewed in terms of its relationship to: A. evolution and natural selection B. capitalism C. determinism D. prejudice and discrimination

B. capitalism

Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. used his public speaking abilities and magnetism to inspire African Americans to stand up against injustice in an extremely hostile environment. He is an example of a(n) __________ leader. A. traditional B. charismatic C. legal-rational D. illegitimate

B. charismatic

A cultural universal is something that: A. addresses all aspects of a group's behavior B. is found in all cultures C. is based on social norms D. may or may not be of value in meeting social needs

B. is found in all cultures

A sect: A. has generally grown so large that it needs new buildings and multiple leaders B. often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals C. is another term for a cult D. All of the above

B. often believes it must split from the larger group to return to important fundamentals

Conflict theorists see sorting as a way to ________. A. challenge gifted students B. perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status C. help students who need additional support D. teach respect for authority

B. perpetuate divisions of socioeconomic status

Key predictors for student success include ____________. A. how many school-age siblings the student has B. socioeconomic status and family background C. the age of the student when she or he enters kindergarten D. how many students attend the school

B. socioeconomic status and family background

Which statement best expresses the difference between power and authority? A. Authority involves intimidation. B. Authority is more subtle than power. C. Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power. D. Authority is inherited, but power is seized by military force.

C. Authority is based on the perceived legitimacy of the individual in power.

Which statement best expresses why the United States is not a true democracy? A. Many politicians are corrupt. B. Special-interest groups fund political campaigns. C. Citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy. D. Ancient Greece was the only true democracy.

C. Citizens elect representatives who vote on their behalf to make policy.

Which statement best expresses why there have been so few charismatic female leaders throughout history? A. Women have different leadership styles than men. B. Women are not interested in leading at all. C. Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the courseof history. D. Male historians have refused to acknowledge the contributions of female leaders in their records.

C. Few women have had the opportunity to hold leadership roles over the courseof history.

Which of the following is true of intimate partner violence (IPV)? A. IPV victims are more frequently men than women. B. One in ten women is a victim of IPV. C. Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol. D. Rape is the most common form of IPV.

C. Nearly half of instances of IPV involve drugs or alcohol.

Research suggests that people generally feel that their current family is _______ than the family they grew up with. A. less close B. more close C. at least as close D. none of the above

C. at least as close

The median age of first marriage has ______ in the last fifty years. A. increased for men but not women B. decreased for men but not women C. increased for both men and women D. decreased for both men and women

C. increased for both men and women

Public schools must guarantee that ___________. A. all students graduate from high school B. all students receive an equal education C. per-student spending is equitable D. the amount spent on each student is equal to that spent regionally

C. per-student spending is equitable

A woman being married to two men would be an example of: A. monogamy B. polygyny C. polyandry D. cohabitation

C. polyandry

Many stories in the sacred text of Judaism are: A. referred to as the Apocrypha B. oral traditions only because Judaism has no sacred text C. shared by Christianity and Islam D. no longer part of the Torah

C. shared by Christianity and Islam

Because she plans on achieving success in marketing, Tammie is taking courses on managing social media. This is an example of ________. A. cultural innovation B. social control C. social placement D. socialization

C. social placement

Allowing a student to move to the next grade regardless of whether or not they have met the requirements for that grade is called ____________. A. affirmative action B. social control C. social promotion D. socialization

C. social promotion

In what ways does religion serve the role of a social institution? A. Religions have a complex and integrated set of norms. B. Religious practices and beliefs are related to societal values. C. Religions often meet several basic needs. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

What do Christianity and Islam have in common? A. Both believe in a single supreme god. B. Both share many of the same stories in their central religious texts. C. Both believe in an afterlife. D. All of the above

D. All of the above

Which sociologist is not associated with conflict theory? A. C. Wright Mills B. G. William Domhoff C. Karl Marx D. George H. Mead

D. George H. Mead

Which of the following present and former government leaders is generally considered a dictator? A. David Cameron B. Barack Obama C. Qaboos bin Said Al Said D. Kim Jong-Un

D. Kim Jong-Un

Which of the following types of authority does not reside primarily in a leader? A. Dictatorial B. Traditional C. Charismatic D. Legal-rational

D. Legal-rational

What are some denominations of the Christian Protestant church? A. Catholic and Jewish B. Jehovah's Witnesses and Presbyterians C. Scientology and Hare Krishna D. Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist

D. Methodist and Seventh-day Adventist

Which theory of education focuses on the labels acquired through the educational process? A. Conflict theory B. Feminist theory C. Functionalist theory D. Symbolic interactionism

D. Symbolic interactionism

Conflict theorists see IQ tests as being biased. Why? A. They are scored in a way that is subject to human error. B. They do not give children with learning disabilities a fair chance to demonstrate their true intelligence. C. They don't involve enough test items to cover multiple intelligences. D. They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.

D. They reward affluent students with questions that assume knowledge associated with upper-class culture.

What term describes the assignment of students to specific education programs and classes on the basis of test scores, previous grades, or perceived ability? A. Hidden curriculum B. Labeling C. Self-fulfilling prophecy D. Tracking

D. Tracking

Which factor does not influence voting practices? A. Race B. Social class C. Ethnicity D. Voting booths

D. Voting booths

Functionalist theory sees education as serving the needs of _________. A. families B. society C. the individual D. all of the above

D. all of the above

Current divorce rates are: A. at an all-time high B. at an all-time low C. steadily increasing D. steadily declining

D. steadily declining

Rewarding students for meeting deadlines and respecting authority figures is an example of ________. A. a latent function B. a manifest function C. informal education D. transmission of moral education

D. transmission of moral education