Software testing interview
115."How much testing is enough
" The answer depends on the risk for your industry, contract and special requirements.
111. An input field takes the year of birth between 1900 and 2004 what the boundary values for testing this field are
1899,1900,2004,2005
83. A wholesaler sells printer cartridges. The minimum order quantity is 5. There is a 20% discount for orders of 100 or more printer cartridges. You have been asked to prepare test cases using various values for the number of printer cartridges ordered. Which of the following groups contain three test inputs that would be generated using Boundary Value Analysis
4, 5, 99
89. Which activity in the fundamental test process includes evaluation of the testability of the requirements and system
A 'Test Analysis' and 'Design' includes evaluation of the testability of the requirements and system.
104. What is negative and positive testing
A negative test is when you put in an invalid input and receives errors. While positive testing is when you put in a valid input and expect some action to be completed in accordance with the specification.
128. What is V-Model
A software development model that illustrates how testing activities integrate with software development phases
62. Explain what it means by test harness
A test harness is configuring a set of tools and test data to test an application in various conditions, and it involves monitoring the output with expected output for correctness.
103. When should "Regression Testing" be performed
After the software has changed or when the environment has changed Regression testing should be performed.
143. What is the main purpose of Informal review
An inexpensive way to get some benefit
97. What is an equivalence partition (also known as an equivalence class)
An input or output ranges of values such that only one value in the range becomes a test case.
123. Which of the following is the review participant who has created the item to be reviewed
Author
127. Why can be tester dependent on configuration management
Because configuration management assures that we know the exact version of the testware and the test object.
125. Why does the boundary value analysis provide good test cases
Because errors are frequently made during programming of the different cases near the 'edges' of the range of values.
131. Why is incremental integration preferred over "big bang" integration
Because incremental integration has better early defects screening and isolation ability
90. What is typically the MOST important reason to use risk to drive testing efforts
Because testing everything is not feasible.
94. Why are static testing and dynamic testing described as complementary
Because they share the aim of identifying defects but differ in the types of defect they find.
148. A type of integration testing in which software elements, hardware elements, or both are combined all at once into a component or an overall system, rather than in stages.
Big-Bang Testing
54. Explain which test cases are written first black boxes or white boxes
Black box test cases are written first as to write black box test cases, it requires project plan and requirement document all these documents are easily available at the beginning of the project. While writing white box test cases requires more architectural understanding and is not available at the start of the project.
40. In manual testing what are stubs and drivers
Both stubs and drivers are part of incremental testing. In incremental testing, there are two approaches namely bottom-up and top-down approach. Drivers are used in bottom-up testing and stub is used for a top-down approach. In order to test the main module, the stub is used, which is a dummy code or program.
132. What is called the process starting with the terminal modules
Bottom-up integration
56. Mention what bottom-up testing is
Bottom-up testing is an approach to integration testing, where the lowest level components are tested first, then used to facilitate the testing of higher level components. The process is repeated until the component at the top of the hierarchy is tested.
58. Mention what the meaning of breath testing is
Breath testing is a test suite that exercises the full functionality of a product but does not test features in detail
121. Faults found should be originally documented by whom
By testers.
25. What are the categories of debugging
Categories for debugging Brute force debugging Backtracking Cause elimination Program Slicing Fault tree analysis
59. Explain what the meaning of Code Walk Through is
Code Walk Through is the informal analysis of the program source code to find defects and verify coding techniques
156. What does COTS represent
Commercial Off The Shelf.
84. What is component testing
Component testing, also known as unit, module, and program testing, searches for defects in and verifies the functioning of software (e.g., modules, programs, objects, classes, etc.) that are separately testable. Component testing may be done in isolation from the rest of the system depending on the context of the development life cycle and the system. Most often stubs and drivers are used to replace the missing software and simulate the interface between the software components simply. A stub is called from the software component to be teste, a driver calls a component to be tested.
69. When is used Decision table testing
Decision table testing is used for testing systems for which the specification takes the form of rules or cause-effect combinations. In a decision table, the inputs are listed in a column, with the outputs in the same column but below the inputs. The remainder of the table explores combinations of inputs to define the outputs produced. Learn More About Decision Table Testing Technique in the Video Tutorial here
17. What is the difference between test scenarios, test cases, and test script
Difference between test scenarios and test cases is that Test Scenarios: A Test Scenario is any functionality that can be tested. It is also called Test Condition or Test Possibility. Test Cases: It is a document that contains the steps that have to be executed, it has been planned earlier. Test Script: It is written in a programming language and it's a short program used to test part of the functionality of the software system. In other words a written set of steps that should be performed manually.
57. Mention what the different types of test coverage techniques are
Different types of test coverage techniques include Statement Coverage: It verifies that each line of source code has been executed and tested Decision Coverage: It ensures that every decision in the source code is executed and tested Path Coverage: It ensures that every possible route through a given part of the code is executed and tested
133. During which test activity could fault be found most cost-effectively
During test planning
98. When should configuration management procedures be implemented
During test planning.
61. Mention what the purpose behind doing end-to-end testing is
End-to-end testing is done after functional testing. The purpose behind doing end-to-end testing is that To validate the software requirements and integration with external interfaces Testing application in real-world environment scenario Testing of interaction between application and database
93. Consider the following techniques. Which are static and which are dynamic techniques
Equivalence Partitioning. Use Case Testing. Data Flow Analysis. Exploratory Testing. Decision Testing. Inspections. Data Flow Analysis and Inspections are static, Equivalence Partitioning, Use Case Testing, Exploratory Testing and Decision Testing are dynamic.
145. When testing a grade calculation system, a tester determines that all scores from 90 to 100 will yield a grade of A, but scores below 90 will not. This analysis is known as:
Equivalence partitioning
5. What is Equivalence partitioning testing
Equivalence partitioning testing is a software testing technique which divides the application input test data into each partition at least once of equivalent data from which test cases can be derived. By this testing method, it reduces the time required for software testing.
1. What is Exploratory Testing
Exploratory testing is a hands-on approach in which testers are involved in minimum planning and maximum test execution. The planning involves the creation of a test charter, a short declaration of the scope of a short (1 to 2 hour) time-boxed test effort, the objectives and possible approaches to be used. The test design and test execution activities are performed in parallel typically without formally documenting the test conditions, test cases or test scripts. This does not mean that other, more formal testing techniques will not be used. For example, the tester may decide to use boundary value analysis but will think through and test the most important boundary values without necessarily writing them down. Some notes will be written during the exploratory-testing session so that a report can be produced afterward.
140. What is failure
Failure is a departure from specified behavior.
106. What can static analysis NOT find
For example memory leaks.
24. How will you conduct Risk Analysis
For the risk analysis following steps need to be implemented Finding the score of the risk Making a profile for the risk Changing the risk properties Deploy the resources of that test risk Making a database of risk
46. What is Fuzz testing and when it is used
Fuzz testing is used to detect security loopholes and coding errors in software. In this technique, random data is added to the system in an attempt to crash the system. If vulnerability persists, a tool called fuzz tester is used to determine potential causes. This technique is more useful for bigger projects but only detects a major fault.
49. How will you handle a conflict amongst your team members
I will talk individually to each person and note their concerns I will find a solution to the common problems raised by team members I will hold a team meeting, reveal the solution and ask people to co-operate
144. What is the purpose of test design technique
Identifying test conditions and Identifying test cases
95. What are the phases of a formal review
In contrast to informal reviews, formal reviews follow a formal process. A typical formal review process consists of six main steps: Planning Kick-off Preparation Review meeting Rework Follow-up.
108. What are the Experience-based testing techniques
In experience-based techniques, people's knowledge, skills, and background are a prime contributor to the test conditions and test cases. The experience of both technical and business people is important, as they bring different perspectives to the test analysis and design process. Due to previous experience with similar systems, they may have insights into what could go wrong, which is very useful for testing.
2. What is "use case testing"
In order to identify and execute the functional requirement of an application from start to finish "use case" is used and the techniques used to do this is known as "Use Case Testing."
136. What is DRE
In order to measure test effectiveness, a powerful metric is used to measure test effectiveness known as DRE (Defect Removal Efficiency) From this metric we would know how many bugs we have found from the set of test cases. The formula for calculating DRE is DRE=Number of bugs while a testing/number of bugs while testing + number of bugs found by a user
52. Mention what the difference between a "defect" and a "failure" in software testing is
In simple terms when a defect reaches the end customer, it is called a failure while the defect is identified internally and resolved, then it is referred to as a defect.
63. Explain in a testing project what testing activities would you automate
In testing project testing activities, you would automate are Tests that need to be run for every build of the application Tests that use multiple data for the same set of actions Identical tests that need to be executed using different browsers Mission critical pages A transaction with pages that do not change in a short time
7. In white box testing, what do you verify
In white box testing following steps are verified. Verify the security holes in the code Verify the incomplete or broken paths in the code Verify the flow of structure according to the document specification Verify the expected outputs Verify all conditional loops in the code to check the complete functionality of the application Verify the line by line coding and cover 100% testing
86. What are the benefits of Independent Testing
Independent testers are unbiased and identify different defects at the same time.
109. What type of review requires formal entry and exit criteria, including metrics
Inspection
101. Testing activity which is performed to expose defects in the interfaces and in the interaction between integrated components is
Integration Level Testing
12. What is Integration testing
Integration testing is a level of software testing process, where individual units of an application are combined and tested. It is usually performed after unit and functional testing.
141. What are Test comparators
Is it really a test if you put some inputs into some software, but never look to see whether the software produces the correct result? The essence of testing is to check whether the software produces the correct result and to do that, and we must compare what the software produces to what it should produce. A test comparator helps to automate aspects of that comparison.
73. What is the benefit of test independence
It avoids author bias in defining effective tests.
150. Which technique can be used to achieve input and output coverage
It can be applied to human input, input via interfaces to a system, or interface parameters in integration testing. Equivalence partitioning
116. When should testing be stopped
It depends on the risks for the system being tested. There are some criteria based on which you can stop testing. Deadlines (Testing, Release) Test budget has been depleted Bug rate fall below a certain level Test cases completed with certain percentage passed Alpha or beta periods for testing ends Coverage of code, functionality or requirements are met to a specified point
64. What is the MAIN benefit of designing tests early in the life cycle
It helps prevent defects from being introduced into the code.
28. How can you eliminate the product risk in your project
It helps you to eliminate product risk in your project, and there is a simple yet crucial step that can reduce the product risk in your project. Investigate the specification documents Have discussions about the project with all stakeholders including the developer As a real user walk around the website
154. What is Coverage measurement
It is a partial measure of test thoroughness.
126. What makes an inspection different from other review types
It is led by a trained leader, uses formal entry and exit criteria and checklists.
44. Explain what LCSAJ is
LCSAJ stands for 'linear code sequence and jump.' It consists of the following three items a) Start of the linear sequence of executable statements b) End of the linear sequence c) The target line to which control flow is transferred at the end of the linear sequence
114. What is the one Key reason why developers have difficulty testing their own work
Lack of Objectivity
55. Explain what the difference between latent and masked defects is
Latent defect: A latent defect is an existing defect that has not caused a failure because the sets of conditions were never met Masked defect: It is an existing defect that has not caused a failure because another defect has prevented that part of the code from being executed
18. What is Latent defect
Latent defect: This defect is an existing defect in the system which does not cause any failure as the exact set of conditions has never been met
100. Testing wherein we subject the target of the test, to varying workloads to measure and evaluate the performance behaviors and the ability of the target and the test to continue to function properly under these different workloads
Load Testing
50. Mention what are the categories of defects
Mainly there are three defect categories Wrong: When a requirement is implemented incorrectly Missing: It is a variance from the specification, an indication that a specification was not implemented or a requirement of the customer is not met Extra: A requirement incorporated into the product that was not given by the end customer. It is considered as a defect because it is a variance from the existing requirements
36. What is test management review and why it is important
Management review is also referred to as Software Quality Assurance or SQA. SQA focusses more on the software process rather than the software work products. It is a set of activities designed to make sure that the project manager follows the standard process. SQA helps test manager to benchmark the project against the set standards.
34. What are the common mistakes which create issues
Matching resources to wrong projects Test manager lack of skills Not listening to others Poor Scheduling Underestimating Ignoring the small problems Not following the process
138. How would you estimate the amount of re-testing likely to be required
Metrics from previous similar projects and discussions with the development team
22. What is mutation testing
Mutation testing is a technique to identify if a set of test data or test case is useful by intentionally introducing various code changes (bugs) and retesting with original test data/ cases to determine if the bugs are detected.
79. You have designed test cases to provide 100% statement and 100% decision coverage for the following fragment of code. if width > length then biggest_dimension = width else biggest_dimension = length end_if The following has been added to the bottom of the code fragment above. print "Biggest dimension is " &biggest_dimensionprint "Width: " & width print "Length: " & length How many more test cases are required
None, existing test cases can be used.
41. What is the step you would follow once you find the defect
Once a defect is found you would follow the step a) Recreate the defect b) Attach the screenshot c) Log the defect
20. What is the function of the software testing tool "phantom"
Phantom is a freeware and is used for windows GUI automation scripting language. It allows us to take control of windows and functions automatically. It can simulate any combination of keystrokes and mouse clicks as well as menus, lists and more.
158. What can be thought of as being based on the project plan, but with greater amounts of detail
Phase Test Plan
75. What is Alpha testing
Pre-release testing by end user representatives at the developer's site.
66. What is the KEY difference between preventative and reactive approaches to testing
Preventative tests are designed early, reactive tests are designed after the software has been produced.
92. Which of the following are valid objectives for incident reports
Provide developers and other parties with feedback about the problem to enable identification, isolation, and correction as necessary. Provide ideas for test process improvement. Provide a vehicle for assessing tester competence. Provide testers with a means of tracking the quality of the system under test.
38. When is RTM (Requirement Traceability Matrix) prepared
RTM is prepared before test case designing. Requirements should be traceable from review activities.
159. What is Rapid Application Development
Rapid Application Development (RAD) is formally a parallel development of functions and subsequent integration. Components/functions are developed in parallel as if they were mini projects, the developments are time-boxed, delivered, and then assembled into a working prototype. This can very quickly give the customer something to see and use and to provide feedback regarding the delivery and their requirements. Rapid change and development of the product are possible using this methodology. However the product specification will need to be developed for the product at some point, and the project will need to be placed under more formal controls before going into production.
107. What is the difference between re-testing and regression testing
Re-testing ensures the original fault has been removed, regression testing looks for unexpected side effects.
119. Given the following code, which statement is true about the minimum number of test cases required for full statement and branch coverage
Read p Read q IF p+q> 100 THEN Print "Large" ENDIF IF p > 50 THEN Print "p Large" ENDIF 1 test for statement coverage, 2 for branch coverage
16. What are the valuable steps to resolve issues while testing
Record: Log and handle any problems which have happened Report: Report the issues to higher level manager Control: Define the issue management process
82. Repeated Testing of an already tested program, after modification, to discover any defects introduced or uncovered as a result of the changes in the software being tested or in another related or unrelated software component
Regression Testing
15. Mention the difference between Data Driven Testing and Retesting
Retesting: It is a process of checking bugs that are actioned by the development team to verify that they are fixed. Data Driven Testing (DDT): In data driven testing process, the application is tested with multiple test data. The application is tested with a different set of values.
65. What is risk-based testing
Risk-based Testing is the term used for an approach to creating a Test Strategy that is based on prioritizing tests by risk. The basis of the approach is a detailed risk analysis and prioritizing of risks by risk level. Tests to address each risk are then specified, starting with the highest risk first.
3. What is the difference between the STLC (Software Testing Life Cycle) and SDLC (Software Development Life Cycle)
SDLC deals with development/coding of the software while STLC deales with validation and verification of the software
142. Who is responsible for document all the issues, problems and open point that were identified during the review meeting
Scribe
99. A Type of Functional Testing, which investigates the functions relating to the detection of threats, such as virus from malicious outsiders
Security Testing
118. What are semi-random test cases
Semi-random test cases are nothing, but when we perform random test cases and do equivalence partitioning to those test cases, it removes redundant test cases, thus giving us semi-random test cases.
147. During the testing of a module tester, 'X' found a bug and assigned it to a developer. But developer rejects the same, saying that it's not a bug. What 'X' should do
Send the detailed information of the bug encountered and check the reproducibility
9. What is the difference between static and dynamic testing
Static testing: During Static testing method, the code is not executed, and it is performed using the software documentation. Dynamic testing: To perform this testing the code is required to be in an executable form.
102. What are the Structure-based (white-box) testing techniques
Structure-based testing techniques (which are also dynamic rather than static) use the internal structure of the software to derive test cases. They are commonly called 'white-box' or 'glass-box' techniques (implying you can see into the system) since they require knowledge of how the software is implemented, that is, how it works. For example, a structural technique may be concerned with exercising loops in the software. Different test cases may be derived to exercise the loop once, twice, and many times. This may be done regardless of the functionality of the software.
14. What is the difference between UAT (User Acceptance Testing) and System testing
System Testing: System testing is finding defects when the system undergoes testing as a whole: it is also known as end-to-end testing. In such type of testing, the application suffers from beginning till the end. UAT: User Acceptance Testing (UAT) involves running a product through a series of specific tests which determines whether the product will meet the needs of its users.
31. Explain how you would allocate a task to team members
Task Member Analyze software requirement specification All the members Create the test specification Tester/Test Analyst Build up the test environment Test administrator Execute the test cases Tester, a Test administrator Report defects Tester
23. What all things you should consider before selecting automation tools for the AUT
Technical Feasibility Complexity level Application stability Test data Application size Re-usability of automated scripts Execution across environment
120. Which review is normally used to evaluate a product to determine its suitability for the intended use and to identify discrepancies
Technical Review.
21. Explain what Test Deliverables is
Test Deliverables are a set of documents, tools and other components that have to be developed and maintained in support of testing. There are different test deliverables at every phase of the software development lifecycle Before Testing During Testing After the Testing
157.The purpose of which is to allow specific tests to be carried out on a system or network that resembles as closely as possible the environment where the item under test will be used upon release
Test Environment
39. What is the difference between Test matrix and Traceability matrix
Test Matrix: Test matrix is used to capture actual quality, effort, the plan, resources and time required to capture all phases of software testing Traceability Matrix: Mapping between test cases and customer requirements is known as Traceability Matrix
155. What is Boundary value testing
Test boundary conditions on, below and above the edges of input and output equivalence classes. For instance, let say a bank application where you can withdraw maximum Rs.20,000 and a minimum of Rs.100, so in boundary value testing we test only the exact boundaries, rather than hitting in the middle. That means we test above the maximum limit and below the minimum limit.
72. Which of the following defines the expected results of a test
Test case specification or test design specification. Test case specification defines the expected results of a test.
130. What is test coverage
Test coverage measures in some specific way the amount of testing performed by a set of tests (derived in some other way, e.g., using specification-based techniques). Wherever we can count things and can tell whether or not each of those things has been tested by some test, then we can measure coverage.
13. What Test Plans consists of
Test design, scope, test strategies, approach are various details that Test plan document consists of. Test case identifier Scope Features to be tested Features not to be tested Test strategy & Test approach Test deliverables Responsibilities Staffing and training Risk and Contingencies
76. What is beta testing
Testing performed by potential customers at their own locations.
80. What is the difference between Testing Techniques and Testing Tools
Testing technique: - Is a process for ensuring that some aspects of the application system or unit functions properly there may be few techniques but many tools. Testing Tools: - Is a vehicle for performing a test process. The tool is a resource to the tester, but itself is insufficient to conduct testing Learn More About Testing Tools here
85. What is functional system testing
Testing the end to end functionality of the system as a whole is defined as a functional system testing.
47. Mention what the main advantages of statement coverage metric of software testing are
The benefit of statement coverage metric is that a) It does not require processing source code and can be applied directly to object code b) Bugs are distributed evenly through the code, due to which percentage of executable statements covered reflects the percentage of faults discovered
37. What are the best practices for software quality assurance
The best practices for an effective SQA implementation is Continuous Improvement Documentation Tool Usage Metrics Responsibility by team members Experienced SQA auditors
87. In a REACTIVE approach to testing when would you expect the bulk of the test design work to be begun
The bulk of the test design work begun after the software or system has been produced.
51. Explain how does a test coverage tool work
The code coverage testing tool runs parallel while performing testing on the actual product. The code coverage tool monitors the executed statements of the source code. When the final testing is done, we get a complete report of the pending statements and also get the coverage percentage.
29. What is the common risk that leads to project failure
The common risk that leads to a project failure are Not having enough human resource Testing Environment may not be set up properly Limited Budget Time Limitations
77. Mention what the difference between Pilot and Beta testing is
The difference between a pilot and beta testing is that pilot testing is actually done using the product by the group of users before the final deployment, and in beta testing, we do not input real data, but it is installed at the end customer to validate if the product can be used in production.
60. Mention what the basic components of defect report format are
The essential components of defect report format include Project Name Module Name Defect detected on Defect detected by Defect ID and Name Snapshot of the defect Priority and Severity status Defect resolved by Defect resolved on
74. As part of which test process do you determine the exit criteria
The exit criteria are determined on the bases of 'Test Planning'.
153. The later in the development life cycle a fault is discovered, the more expensive it is to fix. Why
The fault has been built into more documentation, code, tests, etc
68. What determines the level of risk
The likelihood of an adverse event and the impact of the event determine the level of risk.
96. What is the role of moderator in the review process
The moderator (or review leader) leads the review process. He or she determines, in co-operation with the author, the type of review, approach and the composition of the review team. The moderator performs the entry check and the follow-up on the rework, in order to control the quality of the input and output of the review process. The moderator also schedules the meeting, disseminates documents before the meeting, coaches other team members, paces the meeting, leads possible discussions and stores the data that is collected. Learn More about Review process in Video Tutorial here
152. In which order should tests be run
The most important one must be tested first
117. Which of the following is the primary purpose of the integration strategy for integration testing in the small
The primary purpose of the integration strategy is to specify which modules to combine when and how many at once.
53. Explain how to test documents in a project that span across the software development lifecycle
The project span across the software development lifecycle in the following manner Central/Project test plan: It is the main test plan that outlines the complete test strategy of the project. This plan is used till the end of the software development lifecycle Acceptance test plan: This document begins during the requirement phase and is completed at the final delivery System test plan: This plan starts during the design plan and proceeds until the end of the project Integration and Unit test plan: Both these test plans start during the execution phase and last until the final delivery
67. What is the purpose of exit criteria
The purpose of exit criteria is to define when a test level is completed.
105. What is the purpose of a test completion criterion
The purpose of test completion criterion is to determine when to stop testing
4. What is traceability matrix
The relationship between test cases and requirements is shown with the help of a document. This document is known as a traceability matrix.
70. Why we use decision tables
The techniques of equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis are often applied to specific situations or inputs. However, if different combinations of inputs result in different actions being taken, this can be more difficult to show using equivalence partitioning and boundary value analysis, which tend to be more focused on the user interface. The other two specification-based techniques, decision tables, and state transition testing are more focused on business logic or business rules. A decision table is a good way to deal with combinations of things (e.g., inputs). This technique is sometimes also referred to as a 'cause-effect' table. The reason for this is that there is an associated logic diagramming technique called 'cause-effect graphing' which was sometimes used to help derive the decision table
33. While monitoring your project what all things you have to consider
The things that have to be taken in considerations are Is your project on schedule Are you over budget Are you working towards the same career goal Have you got enough resources Are there any warning signs of impending problems Is there any pressure from management to complete the project sooner
139. What studies data flow analysis
The use of data on paths through the code.
45. Explain what N+1 testing is
The variation of regression testing is represented as N+1. In this technique, the testing is performed in multiple cycles in which errors found in test cycle 'N' are resolved and re-tested in test cycle N+1. The cycle is repeated unless there are no errors found.
88. What are the different Methodologies in Agile Development Model
There are currently seven different agile methodologies that I am aware of: Extreme Programming (XP) Scrum Lean Software Development Feature-Driven Development Agile Unified Process Crystal Dynamic Systems Development Model (DSDM)
11. What are the different test levels
There are four test levels Unit/component/program/module testing Integration testing System testing Acceptance testing
122. Which is the current formal world-wide recognized documentation standard
There isn't one.
42. Explain what is "Test Plan Driven" or "Key Word Driven" method of testing
This technique uses the actual test case document developed by testers using a spreadsheet containing special "key Words". The key words control the processing.
30. On what basis you can arrive at an estimation for your project
To estimate your project, you have to consider the following points Divide the whole project into the smallest tasks Allocate each task to team members Estimate the effort required to complete each task Validate the estimation
32. Explain what is testing type and what are the commonly used testing type
To get an expected test outcome, a standard procedure is followed which is referred to as Testing Type. Commonly used testing types are Unit Testing: Test the smallest code of an application API Testing: Testing API created for the application Integration Testing: Individual software modules are combined and tested System Testing: Complete testing of the system Install/UnInstall Testing: Testing done from the point of client/customer view Agile Testing: Testing through Agile technique
71. What is the MAIN objective when reviewing a software deliverable
To identify defects in any software work product.
19. What are the two parameters which can be useful to know the quality of test execution
To know the quality of test execution, we can use two parameters Defect reject ratio Defect leakage ratio
129. What is maintenance testing
Triggered by modifications, migration or retirement of existing software
81. We use the output of the requirement analysis, the requirement specification as the input for writing ...
User Acceptance Test Cases
149. In practice, which Life Cycle model may have more, fewer or different levels of development and testing, depending on the project and the software product. For example, there may be component integration testing after component testing, and system integration testing after system testing.
V-Model
151. "This life cycle model is driven by schedule and budget risks" This statement is best suited for.
V-Model
10. What are verification and validation
Verification is a process of evaluating software at the development phase. It helps you to decide whether the product of a given application satisfies the specified requirements. Validation is the process of evaluating software at the after the development process and to check whether it meets the customer requirements.
135. Why we split testing into distinct stages
We split testing into distinct stages because of the following reasons, Each test stage has a different purpose It is easier to manage to test in stages We can run different test into different environments Performance and quality of the testing is improved using phased testing
35. What does a typical test report contain
What are the benefits of test reports? A test report contains the following things: Project Information Test Objective Test Summary Defect The benefits of test reports are: Current status of project and quality of product are informed If required, stakeholder and customer can take corrective action A final document helps to decide whether the product is ready for release
8. What is black box testing
What are the different black box testing techniques? Black box testing is the software testing method which is used to test the software without knowing the internal structure of code or program. This testing is usually done to check the functionality of an application. The different black box testing techniques are Equivalence Partitioning Boundary value analysis Cause-effect graphing
27. Explain what Test Plan is
What is the information that should be covered in Test Plan? A test plan can be defined as a document describing the scope, approach, resources, and schedule of testing activities and a test plan should cover the following details. Test Strategy Test Objective Exit/Suspension Criteria Resource Planning Test Deliverables
43. What is the DFD (Data Flow Diagram)
When a "flow of data" through an information system is graphically represented, then it is known as Data Flow Diagram. It is also used for the visualization of data processing.
91. What is random/monkey testing
When is it used? Random testing is often known as monkey testing. In such type of testing data is generated randomly often using a tool or automated mechanism. With this randomly generated input, the system is tested, and results are analyzed accordingly. These testing are less reliable, hence it is normally used by the beginners and to see whether the system will hold up under adverse effects.
26. What is fault masking explain with example
When the presence of one defect hides the presence of another defect in the system, it is known as fault masking. Example: If the "Negative Value" cause a firing of unhandled system exception, the developer will prevent the negative values input. This will resolve the issue and hide the defect of unhandled exception firing.
6. What is white box testing and list the types of white box testing
White box testing technique involves selection of test cases based on an analysis of the internal structure (Code coverage, branches coverage, paths coverage, condition coverage, etc.) of a component or system. It is also known as Code-Based testing or Structural testing. Different types of white box testing are Statement Coverage and Decision Coverage
110. Could reviews or inspections be considered part of testing
Yes, because both help detects faults and improves quality.
146. A test manager wants to use the resources available for the automated testing of a web application. The best choice is
a Tester, test automation, web specialist, DBA
48. How to generate test cases for "replace a string" method
a) If characters in new string > characters in the previous string. None of the characters should get truncated b) If characters in new string< characters in the previous string. Junk characters should not be added c) Spaces after and before the string should not be deleted d) String should be replaced only for the first occurrence of the string
137. Which of the following is likely to benefit most from the use of test tools providing test capture and replay facilities
a) Regression testing b) Integration testing c) System testing d) User acceptance testing Regression testing
112. Which of the following tools would be involved in the automation of regression test
a. Data tester b. Boundary tester c. Capture/Playback d. Output comparator. d. Output comparator
78. Given the following fragment of code, how many tests are required for 100% decision coverage
if width > length thenbiggest_dimension = width if height > width thenbiggest_dimension = height end_if elsebiggest_dimension = length if height > length thenbiggest_dimension = height end_if end_if 4
