Solutions, Acids, and BasesWhich is an example of a solution?

When excess stomach acid is treated with milk of magnesia Mg(OH)2 a chemical reaction takes place in your stomach:Mg(OH)2 + 2HCl →In this neutralization reaction, the products are A)a metallic salt.B)a salt and water.C)carbon dioxide and water.D)water, which has a neutral pH.

a salt and water

Which is an example of a solution? A)airB)oxygenC)saltD)water

air

Excess stomach acid is often treated with milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2 or a similar substance. We would expect the pH of milk of magnesia to be approximately A)4.B)7.C)10.5.D)14.

10.5

BOTH acids and bases A)turn red litmus blue.B)are a component of soapsC)donate protons to solution.D)conduct electricity in water.

conduct electricity in water

NaOH and bleach have several characteristics in common. They include all BUT one of the characteristics listed. A)Taste bitter.B)They have a pH<7.C)They conduct electricity in solution.D)They produce OH- in solution.

B)They have a pH<7

Elaborate on the reason why heating water up will increase the rate of dissolving for a solute. A)The average kinetic energy of the solute molecules decreases with increasing temperature, and it changes the state of dissolution. The increased movement of the solute molecules causes them to break, and thus they dissolve more readily.B)The molecules that make up the solution speed up with increasing temperature. This increase in kinetic energy allows the solvent molecules to more effectively hold themselves together and strengthen the intermolecular attractions between solute molecules.C)The average kinetic energy of the solute molecules also increases with temperature, and it destabilizes the solid state. The increased vibration (kinetic energy) of the solute molecules causes them to hold together better, and thus they dissolve more readily.D)The average kinetic energy of the molecules that make up the solution also increases with increasing temperature. This increase in kinetic energy allows the solvent molecules to more effectively break apart the solute molecules that are held together by intermolecular attractions.

D

What must Lauren do to make her sugar cube dissolve quicker than Matt and Erin? A)Place the sugar cube into a bucket of cold water and stir really, really fast.B)Place the sugar cube into a bucket of hotter water and stir slower than Matt and Erin.C)Get a smaller container with less water and put the sugar cube in it and shake it.D)Break the sugar cube into smaller pieces, put into hot water and stir it.

D)Break the sugar cube into smaller pieces, put into hot water and stir it.

Baking soda is often used in experiments to neutralize vinegar. In the picture above, the beaker on the left contains a solution of vinegar. What can you conclude about the picture on the right? A)The solution on the right has a pH less than 7.B)The solution on the right will not conduct electricity.C)It has similar characteristics as HCl and H2SO4.D)It must be a base since is has the opposite reaction to litmus paper as vinegar and vinegar is an acid.

D)It must be a base since is has the opposite reaction to litmus paper as vinegar and vinegar is an acid.

Jose makes two mixtures. Mixture one contains 10 g of salt dissolved in 50 mL of water. Mixture two contains 20 g of salt dissolved in 50 mL of water. Compare the concentrations of the two mixtures. A)Both mixtures are equally concentrated.B)The mixtures are of equal concentration.C)Mixture one is more concentrated than mixture two.D)Mixture two is more concentrated than mixture one.

Mixture two is more concentrated than mixture one

Which factor below does NOT affect how fast a solute dissolves in a solvent? A)Quantity of soluteB)Particle size of soluteC)TemperatureD)Stirring

Quantity of solute

Explain in terms of chemical interaction how milk of magnesia acts to calm an upset stomach. A)Acidic milk of magnesia helps to counteract the stomach acid.B)An upset stomach requires more acid instead of milk of magnesia.C)The basic pH of milk of magnesia neutralizes any extra stomach acid.D)Milk of magnesia has a neutral nature which dilutes the stomach acid.

The basic pH of milk of magnesia neutralizes any extra stomach acid

Addition of _____________ to pure water causes the greatest increase in conductivity. A)weak basesB)acetic acidC)ionic compoundsD)organic molecules

ionic compounds

A reaction between an acid and a base is called a(n) ________________ reaction. A)hydroB)ionizationC)neutralizationD)redox

neutralization

How does crushing a cube of solute increase the rate of dissolving? A)By increasing the amount of solvent.B)By decreasing the amount of solvent.C)By increasing the surface area of the solute.D)By decreasing the surface area of the solute.

By increasing the surface area of the solute

Using the solubility curve above, what is the solubility of KBr when the temperature is 80°C? A)86 g/100 g waterB)90 g/100 g waterC)96 g/100 g waterD)102 g/100 g water

C)96 g/100 g water

What property do all three of these common household substances have in common? A)They are all acidic.B)They all taste bitter.C)They all have a pH above 7.D)They all turn litmus paper blue.

They are all acidic