SP02-Psychological research

Which of these does research show is the best study technique? a. practice questions b. summarization c. rereading d. highlighting

a. practice questions

You want to learn more about food preferences of those in an entire city. What would the best way to gather this information? a. survey b. case study c. experiment d. naturalistic observation

a. survey

A(n) ________ is a well-developed set of ideas that proposes an explanation for observed phenomena. a. theory b. hypothesis c. conclusion d. summary

a. theory

Where in a scholarly article would you expect to find a concise summary of the entire experiment?

abstract

Examining household sizes during the early 1900s by reading census reports is an example of

archival research

As the researcher doing an experiment on performance and sleep habits, Eliza doesn't want to know which group of participants is in the experimental group getting only 4 hours of sleep each night. Eliza should conduct a(n) ________. a. operational study b. double-blind study c. inactive study d. single-blind study

b. double-blind study

Which of the following is NOT part of obtaining informed consent? a. obtaining the participant's signature or a signature from the parent or guardian if the participant is a minor b. letting participants know that participation is voluntary c. explaining the hypothesis to the participant d. explaining what compensation the participant will receive and what tasks they will perform

c. explaining the hypothesis to the participant

An experiment is valid if it ________. a. can be replicated by another researcher and provide similar results b. can disprove the research hypothesis c. measures what it is supposed to measure d. can accurately predict future behaviors

c. measures what it is supposed to measure

Dr. Hart is interested in the role of relationships in preventing heart disease. As her patients come into her office in Bluebell, Alabama, she asks them two questions: Are you a in a relationship? Have you experienced any heart problems in the last 8 years? Based on her findings, she concludes that relationships cause cardiovascular (heart) problems. One issue with her methodology is that the results are not generalizable. What does this mean? a. There were no military generals in her sample. b. Her sample was not perfectly random c. She cannot prove causation d. Her results may not be true for the entire population

d. Her results may not be true for the entire population

In order to study the cause and effect relationship between two variables, a researcher must perform what type of study?

experimental

Jane thinks that a longer wait time at the doctor's office will result in more negative reviews for the office, no matter the expertise or quality of the doctor. What steps should Jane follow to conduct a study consistent with the scientific method? a. make an observation, do an experiment, analyze the results, make a hypothesis, prove or disprove hypothesis, then repeat b. ask a question, create a hypothesis, prove or disprove the hypothesis, conduct an experiment, analyze the results c. conduct an experiment, form a hypothesis, prove or disprove the hypothesis, analyze the results, ask a question d. make an observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, do an experiment, analyze the results, prove or disprove the hypothesis

d. make an observation, ask a question, form a hypothesis, do an experiment, analyze the results, prove or disprove the hypothesis

A negative correlation means ________. a. a third variable eliminates a correlational relationship b. two variables decrease together c. two variables increase together, but they are associated with an undesirable outcome d. one variable decreases as the other increases

d. one variable decreases as the other increases

McCabe and Castel conducted experiments to assess whether a brain image influenced the way students perceived the quality of a scientific article. When other experimenters attempted to replicate the results of the study, they found ________. a. that the McCabe and Castel results translated only to other college-student populations b. that McCabe and Castel has falsely reported the results of the experiment c. similar results d. that the results did not replicate

d. that the results did not replicate

Correlation means that ________. a. two variables actually mean the same thing, e.g., socio-economic status and household income b. one variable cannot exist without the other c. one variable causes another d. two variables are related

d. two variables are related

Spurling et al. investigated the effects of two vocabulary learning strategies on word retention two weeks later. In this example, learning strategy is the ________ variable and word retention is the ________ variable.

independent; dependent

When the findings in a research study are believed to be due to an actual phenomenon under investigation and not due to chance or random occurrence, this is called ________.

statistical significance