Spanish 3 Chapter 4
Present Progressive
(SEE BELOW)
Vocabulario !
(SEE BELOW)
La crema (agria)
(sour) cream
El anillo de compromiso
Engagement ring
La sortija de compromiso
Engagement ring (alternative)
Según tengo entendido,...
From what I understand, . . .
Fíjate que se ha casado.
Get this: he/she got married.
¡No me lo puedo creer!
I can't believe it!
Se me fue la mano con...
I got carried away with . . .
Past Participle (-ir/-er)
If the stem of an -er or -ir verb ends in a vowel other than u, place an accent on the i in -ido (ex. leer → leído traer → traído)
Se me hace la boca agua.
It makes my mouth water.
Sabe delicioso(a).
It tastes delicious.
Está para chuparse los dedos.
It's good enough to lick your fingers.
Es que se me olvidó ponerle...
It's just that I forgot to add . . .
Es que se me acabó...
It's just that I ran out of . . .
Separado (a)
Separated
¡Qué asco!
That's disgusting!
El/La... no sabe a nada.
The . . . doesn't taste like anything.
El/La... está seco(a)/no está muy dulce.
The . . . is dry/isn't very sweet.
El/La... está salado(a)/picante.
The . . . is salty/spicy.
Al (A la)... le falta sabor, pero no sé qué le falta.
The . . . lacks flavor, but I don't know what's missing.
Está pasada la leche.
The milk has gone bad.
Nacer
To be born
Pues, sigue trabajando...
Well, he's/she's still working . . .
Qué pena que se hayan...
What a shame that they have . . .
¡Qué sorpresa que se hayan...!
What a surprise that they have . . . !
¿Qué me cuentas de...?
What can you tell me about . . . ?
¿Qué sabes de...?
What do you know about...?
¿Qué anda haciendo...?
What´s . . . up to?
Past Progressive+Preterite
When the past progressive and the preterite are used in the same sentence, the past progressive describes an action in progress, and the preterite describes completed actions or interrupting events within that setting
¡No me digas!
You don't say!
Me has dejado boquiabierto(a).
You've left me speechless.
Irregular Verbs (Past Participle)
abrir → abierto cubrir → cubierto decir → dicho escribir → escrito hacer → hecho morir → muerto poner → puesto romper → roto ver → visto volver → vuelto descubrir → descubierto
Aguacate
avocado
Frijoles
beans
El cuñado
brother-in-law
Coliflor
cauliflower
El apio
celery
Cerezas
cherries
El bizcocho de chocolate
chocolate cake
El dulce de coco
coconut candy
Preterite (Definitions)
conocer→met, first saw saber→found out, realized querer→tried to, meant to no querer→wouldn't, didn't mean to
Pepino
cucumber
Divorciado (a)
divorced
Present progressive+object pronoun
estar+present participle place it before the first verb, or after and attached to the participle When the object pronoun is attached to the participle, an accent mark is added
Reunión familiar
family reunion
El suegro
father-in-law
Pollo frito
fried chicken
El funeral
funeral
Andar + present participle
give the impression that someone goes around doing something continuously, sometimes with a slightly negative connotation
Toronja
grapefruit
Ud., él, ella
ha hablado
vosotros
habéis hablado
El medio hermano
half brother
La medio hermana
half sister
Uds., ellos, ellas
han hablado
tú
has hablado
Ud., él, ella (subjunctive)
haya
yo (subjunctive)
haya
nosotros (subjunctive)
hayamos
Uds., ellos, ellas (subjunctive)
hayan
tú (subjunctive)
hayas
vosotros (subjunctive)
hayáis
yo
he hablado
nosotros
hemos hablado
El limón
lemon
La lima
lime
Langosta
lobster
La suegra
mother-in-law
Chícharos
peas
Las pasas
raisins
Puerco asado
roast pork
La salchicha
sausage
Preterite
show that actions were begun or completed at specific times in the past. Time markers such as ayer, anoche, este fin de semana, and el verano pasado are often used with the preterite The preterite is used with al + infinitive or en cuanto, which mark the beginning of an event or situation
Camarones
shrimp
La cuñada
sister-in-law
Hermanastro
stepbrother
Padrastro
stepfather
Madrastra
stepmother
Hermanastra
stepsister
Se + indirect object pronouns
talk about unintentional events The indirect object pronoun refers to the person the event happened to. The verb agrees with the object(s) involved, and is always in the third person singular or plural Common verbs used in this construction are quedar, quemar, perder, olvidar, caer, romper, and acabar.
Estar casado
to be married
Divorciarse
to get divorced (from)
Comprometerse
to get engaged, to commit oneself
Casarse con
to get married (to)
Dar a luz
to give birth
Parir
to give birth (alternative)
Graduarse
to graduate
Separarse
to separate (from)
El pavo (con relleno)
turkey (with stuffing)
Present perfect indicative
use the present tense of the helping verb haber followed by the past participle of the main verb used to say what has or hasn′t happened in a period of time up to the present or to talk about something that happened very recently Use the present perfect indicative in Spanish when you would use the auxiliary verb ″have″ in English. When an object pronoun is used with the present perfect indicative, it should always go before the conjugated form of haber. Unlike the present progressive, a pronoun cannot be attached to the participle.
Past Progressive
used to describe past actions in progress. It is formed with the imperfect of estar + the present participle of the main verb Nosotros estábamos hablando As with the present progressive, the past progressive refers to actions in progress. Past actions, conditions, or states that were ongoing or habitual, rather than in progress, referred to with the imperfect
Seguir + present participle
used to say that someone keeps on doing something, or is still doing something
Present Perfect Subjunctive
used with expressions that convey feelings also used with expressions that convey judgments about something express an emotion, judgment, doubt, or hope about something that has happened. It′s formed with the subjunctive of haber and the past participle of the main verb
Sandía
watermelon
El yogur
yogurt
Calabacín
zucchini