Special Education F2 (5543)
According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), and at the discretion of the state and local education agency and with appropriate testing, children in which of the following age groups are qualified to receive special education services under the noncategorical designation of developmental delay?
3-9 years only
An eighth-grade student with an intellectual disability has an IEP goal that states that the student will participate in science experiments that use science in everyday applications. The class is currently investigating chemical reactions that produce new substances with different properties. Which of the following activities best meets the student's IEP goal and the class learning objective?
Having the student add baking powder to a batch of pancake batter and note the changes that occur
A first-grade student with a mild intellectual disability and a language delay shows interest in producing written work in the classroom. Which of the following teaching strategies is most likely to encourage the student to develop written language skills?
Allowing the student to use invented and phonetic spelling - Young students with special needs learn to write by participating in the writing process. They begin by using their phonetic knowledge to produce written work, and as time goes by their ability to produce correct letter-sound correspondences increases.
Which of the following stakeholders must be present at the first IEP meeting for a student who is eligible for special education services?
An individual to interpret evaluation results for team members - One of the IEP team members must be able to interpret the results of the evaluations and explain those results to parents and other team members. Such an individual helps to ensure that an appropriate individualized education program is developed for the student.
Which of the following resources is most appropriate for a special education teacher to consult before teaching a small group of students about questioning strategies?
A literacy coach - The literacy coach or reading specialist is trained to help special education teachers implement strategies that help students develop literacy skills such as questioning strategies.
A special education teacher is writing the present levels of academic achievement and functional performance (PLAAFP) for a student's IEP meeting and plans to use an informal assessment to evaluate the student's reading behavior. Which of the following assessments is best for the teacher to use?
A running record on a teacher-chosen book - A running record is a type of informal assessment that is used to determine how well a student can read a teacher-selected, leveled passage.
According to the Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA), which of the following is required in an Individualized Education Program (IEP)?
A statement of present levels of academic achievement and functional performance
Which of the following is the best example of a formative assessment that a middle school English teacher can give on a book currently being read in class?
A test asking for a summary of a chapter in the book The students are being asked to give a summary of only one chapter, not the whole book. If the students were to give a summary of the whole book, it would be a summative assessment.
A student is able to successfully complete a target behavior 90 percent of the time without receiving a token. A special education teacher can best support maintenance of the behavior by using which of the following?
An intermittent reinforcement - Intermittent reinforcement is a documented way to effectively promote maintenance of a skill that has been mastered.
Andrew is a second-grade student with a mild intellectual disability and a visual impairment who is unable to hold scissors and cut paper independently during projects. Which of the following professionals is best qualified to help Andrew develop his hand-eye coordination?
An occupational therapist
Chloe, a fourth-grade student with an intellectual disability and poor fine-motor skills, receives daily reading instruction in the resource room. The special education teacher plans to assess Chloe's comprehension skills on a book that was read to the class. Which of the following accommodations is most appropriate for Chloe during the assessment?
Allowing Chloe to answer the questions orally with some prompting
Which of the following best represents an accommodation for a fifth-grade student with a mild intellectual disability who has difficulty with writing short responses?
Allowing the student to respond orally to the task - Allowing a student to respond orally to a prompt represents an accommodation, because it changes how a student responds to an academic task without changing the academic expectation itself.
Which of the following classroom arrangements best provides accessibility to materials and workstations for a student who uses a wheelchair?
Arranging open shelving at eye level and setting up workstations in an open corner
A sixth-grade teacher wants to understand students' values and beliefs before beginning an upcoming unit. Which of the following assessment strategies is most appropriate?
Asking students to complete open-ended questions about values and beliefs
A fifth-grade special education teacher is introducing the concept of simplifying fractions using common factors to a collaborative math class. After the lesson, the teacher wants to determine which students will require more guided practice. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate for the teacher to use to assist students in evaluating their own level of understanding?
Asking students to fill out a rubric on an exit slip as they leave the classroom - A rubric used as an exit slip would allow students to evaluate their own level of understanding as unsure, moderately proficient, or confident in their own abilities, letting the teacher know which students require additional practice.
Which of the following skills is most appropriate to include in a functional academic curriculum for high school students with mild-to-moderate disabilities?
Balancing a personal spending account
Which of the following is the most appropriate IEP goal for a fourth-grade student who has an intellectual disability and reads at a first-grade level?
By midyear, the student will be able to match spoken words to print, isolate consonant sounds at the beginning of words in context, and identify previously viewed words from text with 100% accuracy on 8 out of 10 trials with familiar text. - at a first-grade level, using phonemic awareness skills to decode and remember words is an appropriate goal.
A second-grade student with a mild intellectual disability is not mastering the academic skills currently being taught in the classroom. Which of the following strategies is most likely to help the student succeed?
Collecting data and appropriately adjusting instruction
An eighth-grade student is classified as having a specific learning disability. To prepare for the student's annual IEP review, the team considers assistive technology equipment that would benefit the student. Which of the following is the best first step in that process?
Collecting information about the possible needs of the student - After this information is gathered, the team can then proceed with recommendation and implementation of a device or strategy.
A third-grade student with a moderate intellectual disability has difficulty remembering how to read the numbers and the hands on a clock face. Which of the following is the most appropriate next step for the teacher to take?
Completing a task analysis for telling time using forward chaining - Task analysis is an evidence-based practice that helps students master multistep skills. Forward chaining has students practice and master each step individually before being expected to complete the full process on their own.
Felicity, a ninth-grade student who has been classified as having a specific learning disability, is in an inclusion English class. The class will be starting a new novel next week. The special education teacher wants to preteach the novel's vocabulary words. Which of the following student activities is most appropriate for the teacher to use to best support Felicity?
Completing semantic maps for the vocabulary words - age-appropriate activity
According to Jean Piaget, during which of the following stages of human cognitive development do children demonstrate an increase in logical thinking and a decrease in egocentric thinking?
Concrete operational stage - During the concrete operational stage, which typically occurs between 6 and 12 years of age, children demonstrate an increase in logical thinking and a decrease in egocentric thinking. Thought processes become more rational, mature, and adultlike, or more operational.
Ms. Jackson currently serves special education students by providing instructional support in English language arts, mathematics, and science. One of Ms. Jackson's students is Billy, a fifth-grade student with a learning disability who is failing math and science. To address Billy's failing grades, it is most important for the IEP team to do which of the following?
Consider whether Billy's IEP goals are appropriate or need to be amended - The IEP team is responsible for writing a student's IEP goals and determining whether the goals are providing the student with appropriate instruction needed to access the curriculum.
Which of the following teacher actions is most likely to decrease problem behaviors of a first-grade student with ADHD and increase home-school collaboration?
Creating opportunities for the parents to participate in planned activities in the classroom - will provide the student with emotional support and promote effective home-school collaboration.
A student has multiple disabilities along with hearing and visual impairments, the combination of which causes severe communication difficulties and other developmental and educational needs. The student is most likely to be classified as having which of the following?
Deaf-blindness
Ms. Smith will have a student in her class with co-occurring disabilities, a physical disability and a learning disability, that make processing printed documents exceptionally difficult. Which of the following is the best presentation accommodation for Ms. Smith to use to support the student?
Demonstrating key concepts orally and pictorially
Ms. Jackson currently serves special education students by providing instructional support in English language arts, mathematics, and science. One of Ms. Jackson's students is Billy, a fifth-grade student with a learning disability who is failing math and science. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for Ms. Jackson to help Billy with math and science?
Preteaching Billy new vocabulary to be used in math and science classes
Ms. Jackson currently serves special education students by providing instructional support in English language arts, mathematics, and science. One of Ms. Jackson's students is Billy, a fifth-grade student with a learning disability who is failing math and science. Ms. Jackson plans to schedule an IEP meeting to discuss Billy's failure to learn the grade-level math and science curriculum. Which of the following is the most important first step for Ms. Jackson to take?
Providing the parents with a meeting date, time, and place for them to accept well in advance of a proposed meeting - A parent must have written notice of any scheduled IEP team meeting early enough to provide the opportunity for the parent to accept or suggest an alternate date or time.
ABC Chart: (A) Teacher asks student to stop playing with the puzzle. (B) Student screams "NO!" and refuses to leave the puzzle table. (C) Teacher repeats request to stop playing with the puzzle. (A) Teacher tells student to stop playing with the puzzle. (B)Student ignores the teacher and continues playing with the puzzle. (C) Teacher says, "You have 10 seconds to go to your seat" and starts counting. (A) Teacher finishes counting to 10 and again tells the student to stop playing with the puzzle. (B) Student puts an arm across the puzzle and grabs the edge of the desk. (C) Teacher warns the student that puzzle privileges will be lost in the future. A third-grade special education teacher in a collaborative classroom asks students to clean up before music class. A student with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) refuses to comply and continues to play with a puzzle. The ABC chart describes the interaction between the teacher and the student. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for the teacher to prevent similar situations in the future?
Providing the student with verbal and visual transitional cues - Students with ASD often have difficulty transitioning between activities. Providing verbal or visual cues will best help students prepare for an upcoming change.
Which of the following environmental factors has the most positive impact on the development and achievement of a student diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder?
Providing visual cues to communicate during activities and routines
Rebecca is a 9-year-old student who receives instruction in a third-grade inclusion classroom. She has been diagnosed with ADHD and a specific learning disability in reading. Rebecca is very impulsive and shouts out answers and interrupts others when they are speaking. She easily forgets concepts taught in class and has difficulty completing assignments on time. Rebecca is learning to keep her desk organized and to remind herself to bring in her homework. She prefers to work by herself yet close to the teacher. Which of the following is the most appropriate instructional strategy that the special education teacher can use to best support Rebecca in the classroom?
Reviewing previous lessons and relating them to new material - One of the best ways for students with ADHD to learn new material is to review what they have previously learned and relate it to new material, thus making a connection between the two.
Kindergartners with autism spectrum disorder often become upset during transitions in an inclusion classroom. Which of the following is the most appropriate way for a teacher to help the students who are upset by transitions?
Reviewing the current schedule to determine whether transitions can be minimized - When a kindergarten teacher has students with challenging behaviors in the classroom, it is important for the teacher to plan transitions carefully to ensure that there are minimal disruptions while the students are engaged in activities.
Which of the following is most likely to increase the motivation level for a second-grade student with ADHD who has trouble completing assignments on time?
Rewarding the student each time the assigned work is complete - Students with ADHD typically lack intrinsic motivation. A token reward system provides the outside motivation that students with ADHD often require to make completing tasks worthwhile to them.
Which of the following types of student results are most appropriate to consider when making adjustments to instruction?
Scores on formative assessments - Formative assessments such as short quizzes, exit tickets, and traffic light reflections are used to evaluate student learning and provide feedback for teachers to make instructional decisions.
Ms. Davis, a special education teacher, provides inclusion support in mathematics for students in a fourth-grade classroom. She administers tests in a quiet alternate location for one student with a mild intellectual disability who is easily distracted. Ms. Davis is primarily providing the student with which of the following types of accommodations?
Setting
There is a wide range of diversity among the students in a third-grade class. Several students complete reading assignments quickly and must wait for other students before the teacher can move on. Other students have difficulty following directions and completing assignments. The teacher can best meet the needs of the students in the class by occasionally using which of the following collaborative-reading strategies?
Setting up class-wide peer-tutoring partnerships - Using a collaborative strategy like class-wide peer tutoring is one of the ways to meet the needs of the students in the class. Class-wide peer tutoring meets the needs of students who finish early by allowing them to assist others by asking and answering questions. It also provides individual support for the students who struggle to finish and enables the teacher to make the best use of available time.
Which of the following are primary caregivers of young children with cerebral palsy most likely to experience?
Strong feelings of isolation - Parents of children with medically unstable conditions often experience problems such as social isolation, financial difficulty, marital stress, and sleep disruption.
Peter is a third grader who has a difficult time producing written work in class. Besides having poor pencil grasp and handwriting, he has a difficult time visually tracking reading material. Which of the following will best support Peter's needs and ensure his access to the curriculum?
Supplying Peter with a slant board - The slant board promotes fine and visual motor skills. The angled position of the slant board provides support for holding a pencil appropriately, and reading on an angle will help Peter's visual tracking difficulties.
Which of the following is a possible limitation of having classroom teachers collect Response-to-Intervention data for a school psychologist?
Teachers may not be adequately trained to execute the research-based assessment tools required to collect accurate data.
According to IDEA, which of the following must occur within 30 calendar days of a student being classified with a disability?
The IEP team must meet to develop a program for the student.
A teacher recommends that a 10-year-old student from Kosovo be evaluated to determine whether the student has a disability and needs special education services. If the parents consent to the evaluation, which of the following factors must be considered to ensure that the assessment instruments used are not discriminatory?
The student's cultural and linguistic background
Which of the following is a proactive strategy that is most effective for parents to use during their child's IEP meeting?
Using personal statements to express a clear point of view about issues - Using "I" statements is proactive and focuses on the needs of the parents and child and enables the parents to express concerns clearly and effectively.
Mr. Chang is working with a small group of students during a guided practice lesson. Eleanor does not appear to understand the lesson. After reteaching, Mr. Chang begins to prompt Eleanor. Which of the following hierarchy levels is best for Mr. Chang to use initially when prompting Eleanor?
Visual - Visual prompts are the least intrusive and the first strategy in the prompt hierarchy levels that teachers should try if a student is unable to complete an assignment. More intrusive levels of prompting can be used as needed.
Which THREE of the following are shared responsibilities between the general education and special education teachers in an inclusion classroom?
Writing lesson plans Delivering instruction Adapting materials
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) states that students diagnosed with an emotional disturbance often demonstrate an inability to
learn that cannot be explained by intellectual, sensory, or health factors
A student classified with a learning disability is retained in fourth grade. The parent files a due process complaint on the basis that the student's IEP was not followed. According to IDEA, the local education agency must
respond to the parent within ten days, specifically addressing the issues raised in the complaint
During whole-group activities, Jubal, who has autism spectrum disorder and an intellectual disability, hides in the closet. His teacher, Ms. Winter, plans an intervention. She will first have Jubal stand outside the closet during an activity and watch the other students. Then she will have him do the activity by himself near the closet. She will continue to move him closer to the group until he is participating with the group. Ms. Winter is planning on using an intervention strategy best known as
shaping - Shaping occurs when successive approximations to a target behavior are reinforced.
A special education teacher collaborates regularly with a general education classroom teacher to interpret the data from a variety of informal and standardized assessments. To best interpret the data, the teachers should focus on
student achievement and the effectiveness of instructional practices - The most important factors to consider when interpreting data from assessments are how the students performed on the assessments, whether the instructional practices in the classroom are effective, and to what degree they are effective.
A student with an auditory processing disorder has difficulty learning new material in an inclusive mathematics class. Which of the following teaching strategies is the most appropriate way to support the student's learning?
Pausing often when presenting concepts to the student - A student with an auditory processing disorder requires extra time to interpret what is being heard. The teacher can support the student by pausing between concepts, increasing wait time, and presenting material visually.
A middle school student, classified as other health impaired due to a diagnosis of ADHD, has recently received several disciplinary referrals for inappropriate behavior. Which of the following is the most appropriate strategy the special education teacher can use to gather data about the student's behavior?
Observing the student's behavior across settings - By observing the student across settings the teacher can identify antecedents to the inappropriate behavior and conditions that might reinforce it.
A kindergarten student with a mild intellectual disability has a hearing impairment caused by damage to the inner ear. The student is most likely to have difficulty with which of the following?
Oral language development
A sixth-grade student with a mild intellectual disability receives special education services and supports for an orthopedic impairment. Which of the following specialists can best help the student improve range of motion and make progress in climbing stairs independently?
Physical therapist - A physical therapist is responsible for increasing gross motor skills, such as walking, climbing, and range of motion, as well as increasing strength and agility, and provides assessment in all these areas.
Which of the following best exemplifies an adaptive skill?
Learning how to dress oneself
Which of the following supplementary resources best helps middle school students manage their assignments?
Maintaining a personal daily calendar
Which of the following is the primary benefit of cooperative learning groups for students during a writing lesson?
Students seek assistance from each other more freely. - Cooperative learning groups allow students to articulate their thoughts, share ideas, and ask and answer each other's questions.
Which of the following strategies is most likely to increase motivation for a student with ADHD to be successful in school?
Varying the rate and length of activities - Students with ADHD perform better in school when the rate and length of activities are varied, because doing so provides frequent changes in activities in order to hold their attention.
Ms. Murphy analyzes data from both formal and informal assessments before writing the goals for a student's IEP. Which of the following is the most important question Ms. Murphy should keep in mind while writing the goals?
What does the evidence imply about the student's knowledge and skills?
Which of the following behaviors is most typical for a student with autism spectrum disorder?
Resistance to changes in routines
For each row, indicate whether the statement refers to a formative assessment or a summative assessment. 1) Assessment data are gathered throughout a lesson to determine the effectiveness of an intervention. 2) Assessment data are used to monitor progress and point to next steps in the instructional process. 3) Assessment data are gathered to measure the level of proficiency at the end of an intervention.
1) Assessment data are gathered throughout a lesson to determine the effectiveness of an intervention. - Formative 2) Assessment data are used to monitor progress and point to next steps in the instructional process. - Formative 3) Assessment data are gathered to measure the level of proficiency at the end of an intervention. - Summative
Place each of the following components of evidence-based assessments with the appropriate term. 1) Integrity 2) Validity 3) Reliability 4) Fidelity
1) Integrity—Complying with ethical standards and providing secure administrations to ensure accurate results; 2) Validity—Measuring the construct or proficiency an assessment was designed to measure; 3) Reliability—Producing consistent results from standard administrations of different forms of a test; 4) Fidelity—Following recommended procedures and protocols during administrations of a test.
Which TWO of the following are essential components of a special education teacher's well-prepared lesson plans?
1) Student learning objectives and instructional resource 2) Assessment instruments to measure student progress toward goals
Consider the traits below. Indicate whether each trait is more likely to be associated with a student with autism spectrum disorder or a student with Down syndrome. 1) Unusual communication habits 2) Disruptive behavior when routines are interrupted 3) Delay in reaching developmental milestones
1) Unusual communication habits - ASD 2) Disruptive behavior when routines are interrupted - ASD 3) Delay in reaching developmental milestones - DS
A school district is conducting its annual Child Find and kindergarten registration. District counselors, diagnosticians, and special education teachers are on hand to assess children to determine whether there is a possible need for special education or related services or both. Which of the following children is most likely to be identified as eligible for early intervention services?
A 2-year-old child who has a vocabulary of approximately 20 words - A limited vocabulary in a child who is 2 years of age indicates a likely delay in language development and the need for early intervention services.
According to IDEA, students with disabilities have a right to which of the following?
A free and appropriate public education
An IEP team is preparing for a behavioral intervention plan (BIP) meeting for Paul, a first-grade student with an emotional and behavioral disturbance (EBD). Data collected for a functional behavioral assessment (FBA) provides multiple instances of the student's pushing and hitting other students while waiting in line, playing on the playground, or engaging in group activities. Which of the following is the next step for the team to do during the meeting?
Determine measurable and observable goals and specific strategies to reach the goals
Which of the following is the primary reason for conducting a functional behavioral assessment (FBA) on a third-grade student with a mild intellectual disability who frequently engages in negative behavior in the classroom?
Determining the triggers of the behavior
Which of the following best identifies the primary role of the special education teacher during the IEP process?
Developing drafts of academic goals and objectives
Which of the following is most appropriate for the IEP team to consider when developing the IEP goals for a second-grade student who is eligible to receive special education services?
Developing goals that are based on assessment data and the student's current academic and functional levels
A sixth-grade student with a learning disability receives science instruction in an inclusive classroom with the support of a special education teacher. The student is earning poor grades on assessments, not participating in class, and struggling to complete assignments. Which of the following strategies is most appropriate to help address the student's needs?
Differentiating the student's instruction - Differentiation is a strategy the teacher can use to tailor content, processes, and the learning environment to meet the student's needs.
A student has been unable to build or maintain satisfactory interpersonal relationships with peers and teachers for over a year and has an unexplained inability to learn grade-level mathematics. The characteristics described are most closely associated with which of the following disabilities?
Emotional disturbance
Rebecca is a 9-year-old student who receives instruction in a third-grade inclusion classroom. She has been diagnosed with ADHD and a specific learning disability in reading. Rebecca is very impulsive and shouts out answers and interrupts others when they are speaking. She easily forgets concepts taught in class and has difficulty completing assignments on time. Rebecca is learning to keep her desk organized and to remind herself to bring in her homework. She prefers to work by herself yet close to the teacher. Which of the following is most likely to help Rebecca solve multistep word problems in mathematics?
Encouraging Rebecca to use hands-on manipulatives to model word problems - provides an opportunity for her to use multiple senses while focusing on what she is doing.
ABC Chart (A) A student asks Chip to pay attention during literature circle time. (B) Chip crawls under his desk. (C) The students in the literature circle ignore Chip and continue working. (A) The general education teacher asks students to go to their learning stations. (B) Chip puts his head down on the desk and covers his head with his arms. (C) The general education teacher verbally reprimands Chip. (A) The general education teacher asks Chip to read aloud a portion of a science text. (B) Chip throws the book at the teacher. (C) Chip is sent to the office. Based on the information in the ABC chart, which of the following best describes the function of Chip's behaviors?
Escaping from undesirable tasks
Rebecca is a 9-year-old student who receives instruction in a third-grade inclusion classroom. She has been diagnosed with ADHD and a specific learning disability in reading. Rebecca is very impulsive and shouts out answers and interrupts others when they are speaking. She easily forgets concepts taught in class and has difficulty completing assignments on time. Rebecca is learning to keep her desk organized and to remind herself to bring in her homework. She prefers to work by herself yet close to the teacher. Which of the following teacher actions is most likely to control Rebecca's impulsive behavior in the classroom?
Establishing a visual cue for Rebecca to follow before an activity begins - Establishing a visual cue before the beginning of an activity gives Rebecca a chance to redirect impulsive behaviors before they happen, thus helping her successfully self-monitor her actions.
Mr. Sandy is a special education teacher whose students are constantly moving around the classroom during seatwork time to look for their folders. Which of the following suggestions will best help Mr. Sandy organize his classroom?
Establishing fixed locations for students to access supplies
Ms. Johnson reflects on her unit on the founding of the American colonies: "The students in the class who are in special education performed poorly on the test, which indicates that they did not understand the content, even though I spent several class periods reviewing for the test. I need to find a way to assess the students as we progress through the unit and not just at the end." Which of the following types of assessments will best allow Ms. Johnson to monitor students' ongoing progress?
Formative - Formative assessment is intended to help teachers monitor student progress during the learning process for the purpose of modifying instruction as needed.
When an IEP team begins post-secondary transition planning for a student with a disability, which of the following is the most appropriate initial focus?
Gathering information about the student's current strengths, needs, and preferences
Which of the following best reflects a practice of culturally responsive teaching?
Giving students opportunities to choose projects that are relevant to their own lives and experiences
Several kindergarten students with developmental delays have trouble comprehending picture books that are read aloud to the class. Which of the following approaches is most likely to increase the students' comprehension of the stories?
Giving the students cardboard cutouts of the characters from the story to reenact their favorite parts - will motivate the students to become engaged with the stories
A special education teacher is instructing second-grade students on a new math skill. Which of the following activities is the best way for the teacher to check for student understanding during guided practice?
Having students write their answer to a sample problem on a card that they hold up when they are ready for a class discussion
Rachel is a third-grade student who receives special education services under the category of specific learning disability in reading. She receives mathematics and reading instruction in a small-group, pull-out setting. Which of the following testing accommodations is most appropriate for Rachel when she is taking the end-of-year mathematics assessment?
Having the test read aloud to her - Since Rachel has a specific learning disability in reading, she is entitled to have the end-of-year mathematics test read aloud to her. The accommodation must be documented in her IEP.
Liam, a student with a language-based learning disability, has lower self-confidence than his peers. Which of the following steps can Liam's teacher take to most effectively improve Liam's self-confidence?
Help Liam find new strategies for learning that will help him feel more successful.
A middle school special education mathematics teacher provides specialized instruction based on each student's IEP. The teacher uses a computer-based assessment program once every two weeks and analyzes the results. The teacher's actions are best described as which of the following?
Implementation of progress monitoring
A mathematics teacher asks students to solve an equation, write the answer on a sticky note, and place the note on the door as they exit. Which of the following best describes the type of assessment the teacher is using?
Informal
A second-grade student who started receiving special education services at the age of 3 was recently reevaluated. The results of testing indicate that the student has an IQ score of 70, poor expressive communication skills, and difficulty performing daily-living skills. The deficits affect the student's ability to complete age-appropriate tasks. Which of the following categories best defines the student's disability?
Intellectual disability - the student has an IQ of 70 along with adaptive behavior deficits. These are characteristics of an intellectual disability.
Which of the following is most characteristic of an evidence-based assessment?
It provides reliable and valid data.
Which of the following characteristics of students with a mild intellectual disability has the most detrimental effect on their ability to develop basic reading skills in school?
Limited language skills - Students with intellectual disabilities struggle to acquire age-appropriate oral language skills. This struggle leads to a deficit in phonological language skills, which are essential for acquiring basic reading skills.
A fifth-grade student was hurt in a car accident and now has difficulty with memory, paying attention, and processing information. Which of the following IDEA categories is most appropriate to include on the student's IEP?
Traumatic brain injury
Rebecca is a 9-year-old student who receives instruction in a third-grade inclusion classroom. She has been diagnosed with ADHD and a specific learning disability in reading. Rebecca is very impulsive and shouts out answers and interrupts others when they are speaking. She easily forgets concepts taught in class and has difficulty completing assignments on time. Rebecca is learning to keep her desk organized and to remind herself to bring in her homework. She prefers to work by herself yet close to the teacher. Which of the following establishes the most appropriate consequences for Rebecca's impulsivity?
Using collaborative discipline in which Rebecca has input in monitoring her own behavior - The most effective way for students with ADHD to change their behavior is to recognize it and take ownership of its consequences. Collaborative discipline would provide Rebecca with this opportunity.
John is a fourth-grade student in Ms. Kerr's general education classroom. John speaks English and Spanish at home. Based on his classroom performance, Ms. Kerr is concerned that John may have a learning disability. Which of the following is the most appropriate way to assess John for a learning disability?
Using multiple forms of assessment data for his evaluation
According to IDEA, in order to be eligible for special education services, a school-age student must have a
disability and a need for an individualized education program
