Speech 2
to discuss a topic in terms of its underlying causes
a speaker should use the causal pattern or arrangement
to describe a series of developments in time or a set of actions that occur sequentially,
a speaker should use the chronological pattern of arrangement
to demonstrate the nature and significance of a problem and provide justification for a proposed solution,
a speaker should use the problem-solution pattern of arrangement
to have the freedom to move points around according to the way the speaker wishes to present his or her topic
a speaker should use the topical pattern of arrangement
when citing testimony in a speech, the speaker should
always supply the name and qualification of the source
"a theory is like a set of glasses we put on to look through" is an example of
an analogy
an extended type of example offers a
multifaceted illustration of a point
an informative speaker might explain to the listeners the
new services available at the student center
speeches about concepts might discuss
nuclear theory, minimalist art, of freedom of speech
the working outline is used for
organizing and firming up main points
using a story as a speech intro
personalizes issues
using the speaking outline, you should
practice three to five times
the working outlines should be
prepared in a full-sentence format
to help your audience follow your speech, do all of the following
preview main points in the intro, use a lot of transition words and phrases, employ rhetorical devices such as repetition and parallelism
speeches about people address the
impact of individuals and groups on society
the purpose of a speech introduction is to
arouse the audience's attention and motivate the audience to accept the speaker's goals
speech humor should always match the
audience, topic, purpose, and occasion
speeches about processes might discuss
brewing beer, lightning formation, or yoga sequences
generally, the intro should be
brief and no more than 10 to 15 % of the speech body
all of the following are ways to define a topic
by describing what it is not, by comparing it to something similar, by illustrating its root meaning
brief stories of interesting, humorous incidents based on real life are
called anecdotes
an informative speech is arranged by
category is arranged topically
to convey ideas through a story, use
character, plot, setting, and imagery, use a narrative pattern of arrangement
with a speaking outline
condense full sentences into kew words or phrases
parables, anecdotes, and other stories are
considered narratives
narratives are used to
convey a message through a story
an effective prepared working outline will include
credits when necessary
an effective informative speech shows listeners something they
didnt previously know
speeches about objects or phenomena might discuss
digital cameras, snowshoes, or el nino
listeners are most likely to remember and act on a speech that
ends with a strong conclusion
during the speech introduction, audience members decided whether they are interesting in the topic and the speaker, to build credibility, a speaker should
establish his or her qualifications
the key-word outlines permits the
greatest degree of eye contact
with sufficient practice, which of the key-word outlines will
help the speaker deliver his or her ideas more naturally
effective examples for a speech may be all of the following
hypothetical, extended, and brief
when used as supporting material in a speech, examples can do all of the following
illustrate, represent, describe
if a medical doctor gives cutting-edge info on the threat of high cholesterol, she is
providing the expert testimony type of supporting material
if a person who was witness to the destruction of the twin towers on 9/11 provides a quotation about what she saw, that
quotation would be considered law testimony
the speaking outline should have
quotations and other critical info fully written out
when doing an informative speech about issues, speakers should focus on
raising awareness and deepening understanding rather than advocating one position over another
defining, describing, demonstrating, and explaining are all
related to informative speaking
the phrase outlines uses partial construction of the
sentence form of each point
brief type of example offers a
single illustration of a point
speakers frequently base their starting statements on
statistics
the following should be used to effectively introduce or conclude a speech,
stories, facts and statistics
an effective intro should capture
the audience's attention
the conclusions should not include
the speaker's credentials
speech conclusions fulfill the following functions to alert the audience that
the speech is coming to an end
the first challenge faced by the speaker in there intro of the speech is
to win the audience's attention
to describe information, a speaker should
use language that is vivid
to explain the physical arrangement of a place, an object, or an event, a speaker should
use the spatial pattern of arrangement