speech class part 2

Which laryngeal muscles are required to initiate vocal fold vibration?

- Interarytenoid muscles - Lateral cricoarytenoid muscles

The function of the laryngeal joints is to ___________.

- let the laryngeal cartilages move in ways that the joints permit - affect the vocal quality

Which of the following is/are active/mobile articulator/s?

- mandible - tongue - soft palate

When the cricothyroid muscle contracts, __________.

- the vocal folds are stretched - the rate of vocal fold vibration increases

Which of the following statements is true of the vocal fold vibration?

-To phonate, the vocal folds must be closed intially for building up sufficient subglottal -The elastic recoil force and the Bernoulli effect play important parts durng vocal fold vibration.

An average Fo for a male might be _____ Hz; and an average Fo for a female might be ____ Hz.

120; 220

To phonate, a person generally needs minimally a pressure below the vocal folds that is ____ ____ than the pressure above the level of the vocal folds.

3 cmH2O; lower

Which cranial nerve is responsible for motor innervating the muscles of soft palate?

CN X Vagus nerve

Which cranial nerve is responsible for the motor innervation of the tongue muscles?

CN XII Hypoglossal nerve

The digastric muscle plays a role in which of the following?

Elevation of the larynx.

Suprahyoids are roles of both larynx and mandible elevator.

False

The hyoid bone is not considered a part of the laryngeal system.

False

Which of the following is NOT true of the omohyoid muscle?

It is an intrinsic muscle of the larynx.

Which of the following statements is true for the muscles of VP closure? choose all that apply

Levator veli palatini and palatopharyngeus are muscles of VP closure.

What structure is related to the term "Ankyloglossia"?

Lingual frenulum

Which of the following statements is true for the movements of the mandible? choose all that apply

Moving up and down is the primary movement of the mandible for speech

What muscle forms the floor of the mouth?

Mylohyoid muscle

Which articulator is not housed inside the oral cavity?

Pharynx

What group of laryngeal muscles play an important role during falsetto?

Suprahyoid musscles

Which of the following muscles forms the major bulk of tongue (i.e., main muscle of tongue)?

The genioglossus

Which of the following statements is/are true?

The oral cavity is most variable and contains most of the articulators

Which cranial nerve innervates all the intrinsic laryngeal muscles except cricothyroid muscle?

The recurrent laryngeal nerve of CN X Vagus nerve

Which of the following is not true for the nasalization gesture?

The velum must be raised to contact the pharyngeal wall

A primary role of the intrinsic muscles of the larynx is to _______.

affect vibratory behavior of the vocal folds

The vocal fold generally open_______.

bottom to top

The ____ is a complex membrane which covers the inside of the cricoid and thyroid cartilages anteriorly. The free border of this membrane makes up the vocal ligament.

conus elasticus

The _____ is a main vocal fold tensor.

cricothyroid muscle

During phonation, only the layer of the vocal ligament is vibrating.

false

During whispering, the vocal folds are widely opened.

false

In the source-filter theory, if the filter remains constant, the product changes with the source.

false

Masseter muscle is the most powerful muscle of mastication. It is also a primary muscle for speech production.

false

Movement at the cricoarytenoid joint can increase vocal pitch.

false

The angle of the thyroid prominence is about 90 degrees in men and 45 degrees in women.

false

The cause of vocal fold vibration can NOT strictly be an aerodynamic event as the muscular contraction must occur for every vibratory cycle.

false

The cuneiform cartilages are important for speech.

false

The formant pattern of F1 and F2 of a vowel you produce changes with your voice quality.

false

The hyoid bone is the only one bony structure in the laryngeal system.

false

The laryngeal system is source of filter.

false

The laryngeal system is the source of filter.

false

The primary function for the intrinsic muscles of tongue is to change the position of tongue, whereas the extrinsic muscles of tongue are responsible for fine movements of the tongue

false

The vibration of the ventricular folds provides the sound source for normal voice.

false

The vocal ligament is located in the deepest layer of the vocal folds.

false

The superior boundary of the larynx is the ____ and the inferior boundary of the larynx is the _____.

hyoid bone; first tracheal ring

An individual with a cleft palate is most likely to produce speech that is characterized by _____.

hypernasality (excessive nasal quality)

Describe the shape of the glottis when the vocal folds are in the paramedian position.

i would describe it as a upside down V , the glottis is open from the top to the bottom but it is gradual, more open at the bottom and barley opened at the top. (it is halfway open and halfway closed)

Which type/s of teeth is/are most important for speech production?

incisors

During falsetto, the vocal folds are ____, and during glottal fry, the vocal folds are ____.

maximally stretched; thick and massive

Which of the following words would a speaker with a cleft palate have most trouble producing correctly?

mop

The _____ comprises the main muscle mass of the lips.

orbicularis oris

The _________ part of the vocal folds is the cartilaginous glottis.

posterior

The _____ is a vocal fold abductor.

posterior cricoarytenoid muscle

_________ is/are the most inferior landmark/s in the pharynx, located sides of the larynx.

pyriform sinuses

The perceptual characteristic of voice, which combines pitch and loudness characteristics is ________.

quality

Which of the following statements is true during whispering?

the cartilaginous border of the glottis is open

The vocal ligament is comprised of _______ of the vocal folds.

the intermediate layer and the deep layers

Why is the soft palate important for speech production?

the soft palate is important for speech production because it is responsible for the opening and closing of the VP port. when the soft palate is open or closed it produces different sounds necassary for speech production.

What is the Source-Filter Theory?

the source and filter theory, in which source is defined as the vocal fold vibration and the filter is defined the vocal tract. they are both important because the source measures vocal pitch while the filter is responsible for amplification of sound in terms of production of speech.

What are the three main functions of the vocal folds we discussed in the class?

the vocal folds have 3 important roles, they are responsible for the production of sounds we use for speech, they control the air going into our lungs, and they are a source of protection from choking.

The ______ is the main body of the vocal fold.

thyroarytenoid muscle

Which of the articulators is most mobile and crucial for speech?

tongue

The articulatory system is a source of filter in the process of speech production

true

The spaces between the epiglottic cartilage and the root of the tongue are valleculae.

true

When thyroarytenoid muscles act as a "relaxer," the distance between the thyroid and arytenoid cartilages decreases.

true

When the vocal folds are vibrating, __________ sounds are produced.

voiced