speech final

All communication events include: a source and a message. mediated channels. only a message. a transmittal device.

a source and a message

Which of the following is one of the five canons of rhetoric? persuasion argument adaptation delivery

delivery

Socioeconomic status (SES) includes income, occupation, and education. gender, occupation, and religion. ethnicity, education, and occupation. religion, education, and gender.

income, occupation, and education

An incorruptible speaker, or one who will not compromise the truth, possesses candor integrity dignity trustworthiness

integrity

______ is information presented in such a way as to provoke a specific response. Misinformation Disinformation Fabrication Propaganda

propaganda

Discerning listeners accept supporting materials as legitimate if the speaker cites only the publication name and date. is well dressed. speaks convincingly. provides credentials establishing the sources as reliable and credible.

provides credentials establishing the sources as reliable and credible?

____________ is speech that is potentially harmful to a person's reputation at work or in the community and might be illegal if spoken with a reckless disregard for the truth. Fighting Words Slander Manipulation Honesty

slander

The specific citation elements that need to be mentioned in a speech depend on... how important the source is to the point. how easily the audience will accept the source. the type of source. whether the speaker has enough time.

the type of source

Anne gives a speech to her classmates about categories of computer games. The general purpose of Anne's speech is... to convince to persuade to mark a special occasion to inform

to inform

A speaker who is both honest and dependable has the quality of trustworthiness. integrity candor dignity

trustworthiness

Supporting material illustrates main points by ______ the speaker's main ideas. Substituting Contradicting Disproving Verifying

verifying

When citing a source, down play the citation by speaking quietly and slowly. use the same wording to introduce each citation. alternate phrases introducing citations to help maintain a natural delivery. use a mechanical or rote delivery to just get the citation in.

alternate phrases introducing citations to help maintain a natural delivery

Brief stories of interesting, humorous incidents based on real life are called... anecdotes. statistics testimony facts

anecdotes

Nancy was practicing her speech when she became overwhelmed with anxiety. She decided to simply allow herself to be anxious for a few minutes, then decided it was time to be confident about all the work she had done and resume her rehearsal. Nancy was using the anxiety-management strategy known as... "fight-or-flight" response. yoga stretching. mediation anxiety stop-time technique.

anxiety stop-time technique

When we refer to noise in the communication process, we are referring to... any interference with the message. sounds that make it hard to hear the speaker. the medium through which the message is sent. speaking to a live audience rather than written communication.

any interference with the message

Effective interview questions... are made up spontaneously during the interview. are phrased to reinforce the interviewer's agenda. lead the interviewee to a desired response. are a mix of closed-ended and open-ended questions.

are a mix of closed-ended and open-ended questions

Our general evaluations of people, ideas, objects, or events are our values targets feelings attitudes.

attitudes

Keeping the needs, values, attitudes, and wants of your listeners clearly in focus is being contextually aware. audience-centered. a receiver. a decoder.

audience centered

When narrowing a topic, the speaker need not consider... time constraints audience seating arrangements. the nature of the occasion audience expectations

audience seating arrangements

In the following statement, which type of supporting material is being referenced? "In Stephanie Meyer's Twilight series, the star-crossed lovers, Edward and Bella, make an unusual pair. . . ." Website Reference text Book Online video

book

To generate ideas for topics, use word association; it's a kind of ___________ technique. survey outlining brainstorming audience analysis

brainstorming

The portion of the Web that general search engines often fail to find is referred to as the... unseen Web imperceptible Web deep Web undetectable Web

deep web

Feeling ______ is one reason many people are uncomfortable about public speaking. superior to the audience different attractive depersonalized

different

A person's respectful bearing and conduct is called trustworthiness dignity integrity candor

dignity

Invention refers to... discovering evidence and arguments you will use to make your case. organizing your ideas to suit your audience. practicing the speech until it can be artfully delivered. coming up with original gestures as a form of persuasion.

discovering evidence and arguments you will use to make your case

______ refers to the deliberate falsification of information. Propaganda Misinformation Disinformation Information

disinformation

Material that is common knowledge does not require a citation. must be credited to avoid plagiarism. should only be paraphrased to be ethical. is unlikely to be known by many people.

does not require a citation

Communication between two people is called mass communication. small group communication. dyadic communication. public speaking.

dyadic communication

_____ involves delivering a specific message to an in-person audience. Small Group Mass communication Dyadic communication Public Speaking

dyadic communication

How many demographic characteristics are typically considered in the analysis of speech audiences? six four eight nine

eight

If a medical doctor gives cutting-edge information on the threat of high cholesterol, she is providing which type of supporting material? an extended example lay testimony narrative material expert testimony

expert testimony

Which type of example offers a multifaceted illustration of a point? brief factual hypothetical extended

extended

Listening distractions are only experienced by poor listeners. external and internal. always external. not something a speaker needs to be concerned with.

external and internal

Construction noise or competing conversations are examples of external distractions. internal distractions. defensive listening. active listening.

external distractions

If a book has two authors, the speaker only needs to cite the first author. True False

false

If a speech is informative, its thesis statement represents what you are going to prove in the address. True False

false

Thinking of public speaking as a threat to personal growth can be part of positive thinking about public speaking. True False

false

Visualization is not an effective technique to reduce speaker nervousness. True False

false

When citing a website, only the Web address needs to be cited. True False

false

If you ask survey respondents to respond to questions with a limited choice of answers, you are asking what type of questions? fixed-alternative interview open-ended essay

fixed alternative

Active listening is a time-consuming one-step process. vague and abstract. undesirable when listening to public speeches. focused and purposeful.

focused and purposeful

The ______ speech purpose answers the question, "What is my objective in speaking on this topic to this audience on this occasion?" persuasive specific general informative

general

When selecting a speech topic, a speaker should first consider which of the following as a guide? historical events current issues his or her interests speech time limit

his or her interests

Under what circumstances should the speaker begin by showing the topic's relevance to the audience, and then relate the topic to ideas and experiences about which the audience holds a positive attitude? if the listeners have a positive feeling about the topic if the listeners already have a negative bias if the listeners don't know very much about the topic if the topic of the speech is new to the listeners

if the topic of the speech is new to listeners

Benefits of public speaking do not include... accomplishing professional and personal goals. improving hand-eye coordination. learning practical skills and knowledge. finding new ways to be an engaged citizen.

improving hand-eye coordination

Surveys are an especially effective source of support for topics related to the attitudes, values, and beliefs of the people... who know the speaker personally. who share a speaker's beliefs. in a speaker's immediate environment. in a speaker's own culture.

in a speaker's immediate environment

Listeners rarely pay attention to information that is associated with their experiences. information that is unrelated to their interests. information that relates to their backgrounds. information that they deem important.

information that is unrelated to their interests

The purpose of a(n) ______ speech is to increase the audience's understanding and awareness of a topic. persuasive informative challenge commemorative

informative

Daydreaming and fatigue are examples of internal distractions. scriptwriting. defensive listening. external distractions.

internal distractions

If a person who was a witness to the destruction of the Twin Towers on 9/11 provides a quotation about what she or he saw, that quotation would be considered... lay testimony. narrative. an extended example. expert testimony.

lay testimony

In which part of a speech should the speaker restate the thesis and reiterate how the main points confirm it? Introduction Body Conclusion Outline

conclusion

Narratives are used to... get listeners' feedback. convey a message through a story. present firsthand findings. provide listeners with data.

convey a message through a story

Outlines are based on the principle of coordination and subordination. topic selection. general and specific purpose. primacy and decency.

coordination and subordination

Legal protection afforded the creators of original literary and artistic works is called fair use public domain plagiarism copyright

copyright

Feeling different when delivering a speech can help reduce anxiety. is least common among politicians. makes a speaker believe no one is interested in what they have to say. does not bother most public speakers.

makes a speaker believe no one is interested in what they have to say

In this form of communication, the receiver is physically removed from the messenger, and there is little or no interaction between the speaker and the audience. small group communication dyadic communication mass communication public speaking

mass communication

In order to deal with a sudden distraction while you are giving a speech, you might refuse to continue until the distraction is removed. speak softly so listeners will have to listen more carefully. ignore any interruptions or audience reactions. minimize your response and proceed as soon as possible.

minimize your response and proceed as soon as possible

Parables, anecdotes, and other stories are all kinds of... testimonies statistics narratives. perspectives

narratives

Questions that don't lead the interviewee to a desired response are known as... closed questions loaded questions vague questions. neutral questions.

neutral questions

At the end of the interview, you should... provide a rebuttal. ask the interviewee to take a brief survey about the interview quality. inform the interviewee of your own point of view. offer a brief, positive summary of important things you learned.

offer a brief, positive summary of important things you learned

Values are our predispositions to respond to things in evaluative ways. our perceptions of reality. our most enduring judgments about what is good and bad in life. our conceptions of what is true and false.

our most enduring judgments about what is good and bad in life

Hate speech is offensive communication that is most often directed against political ideas. people's psychological characteristics. people's values. people's racial, ethnic, religious, gender, or other characteristics.

people's racial, ethnic, religious, gender or other characteristics

Tools a speaker can use to analyze an audience include all of the following except surveys personal opinions. interviews published sources.

personal opinionss\

Presenting a "cut-and-paste" of someone else's material as your own is called legal borrowing. ethical behavior plagiarism. fairness

plagiarism

Scriptwriters tend to concentrate on the speaker's motives. know what the speaker will say next. plan what they, not the speaker, will say next. focus on the speaker.

plan what they, not the speaker, will say next

Maureen began to feel nervous once she began organizing and writing her speech. Which type of anxiety did Maureen experience? preparation anxiety performance anxiety pre-performance anxiety pre-preparation anxiety

preparation anxiety

Eyewitness testimony, diary entries, interviews, and surveys are examples of ______ sources. secondary tertiary chronicle primary

primary

What are statistics NOT useful for? making comparisons summarizing information predicting things providing anecdotal information

providing anecdotal information

A speaker's general fear or anxiety associated with either actual or anticipated communication to an audience is known as communication uneasiness. communication nervousness public-speaking anxiety. stage fright.

public-speaking anxiety

Paying attention to information that is important to us, being interested in information that touches our own experiences and backgrounds, and sorting and filtering new information based on what we already know are key elements of attentive perception. selective perception. imaginative perception. simplistic perception.

selective perception

If a source used in a speech requires credit in written form, it also requires consent from the author. should be acknowledged orally. needs to be quoted directly. should be mentioned before the speaker's findings.

should be acknowledged orally

A speech should be practiced at least how many times? nine eight seven six

six

Which of the following is the process a message goes through when it is received and interpreted? source ' receiver ' channel source ' encoding ' receiver ' decoding source ' receiver ' encoding ' noise feedback ' receiver ' decoding

source ' encoding ' receiver ' decoding

To support a major point effectively, the speaker should offer all of the following except evidence from a variety of sources. each source's relevant qualifications to report on the information. sources without source qualifiers. sources that are appropriate to the audience.

sources without source qualifiers

Which kind of outline is usually brief and contains key words or phrases? speaking operational working specific

speaking

The ______ is a precise statement of what you want the audience to learn or do as a result of your speech. general purpose specific purpose audience analysis topic selection

specific purpose

The ______ speech purpose expresses exactly what the speaker wishes the audience to get from the speech. initial specific general ethical

specific?

When giving classroom presentations, what can you do to avoid boring your audience and raising tension in the classroom? Discuss only often spoken about topics. Appeal to students' deeply held beliefs. Choose a highly charged topic. Steer clear of overused and trivial topics.

steer clear of overused and trivial topics

To establish a feeling of identification with the audience, stress your commonalities. arrive at the speaking setting well before the speech. practice the speech often before its presentation. speak loudly enough to be heard without a microphone.

stress your commonalities

In an outline, what kind of points support the main points? superior coordinate equivalent subordinate

subordinate

When used as supporting material in a speech, examples do not _____ your points. emphasize describe substantiate illustrate

substantiate

When citing testimony in a speech, the speaker should always... supply the name and qualifications of the source. provide information about when, but not where, the testimony was offered. supply the inferential statistics related to the source. supply the age of the source.

supply the name and qualifications of the source

Which of the following is not a type of secondary source? periodicals surveys books biographies

surveys

When actively listening, a person should ignore the speaker's words altogether. take into account only the conclusion. concentrate on the speaker's body language. take note of the speaker's key points.

take note of the speaker's key points

An ethical speaker is conscious of ________ values. the speaker's the university's the audience's traditional

the audience's

All of the following are reasons to cite sources during your speech except... to avoid plagiarism. to demonstrate the quality and range of your research. to gain credibility. to make the speech longer.

to make the speech longer

A speaker's anxiety is heightened when he or she perceives the audience as negative or neutral to the speech. True False

true

Citation elements for an online video should include the source of the online video, program, segment, source qualifier, and date aired. True False

true

Imagining your speech as a conversation can help you relax about public speaking. True False

true

Pinpointing the stage at which you become anxious when speaking publicly can help decrease your anxiety. True False

true

Because the entire speech rests on it, the thesis statement must be clearly stated in the speech. True False

true?

An effective speech should be organized around ______ main points. four or five seven or eight one or two two or three

two or three

To present statistics ethically, use only trustworthy and reputable sources. present data as absolute. selectively present data that supports your point. present data as your own.

use only trustworthy and reputable sources

Active listeners ignore the speaker's nonverbal cues. usually set listening goals and listen for main ideas. apply the same goals to every speech. are often distracting to other listeners.

usually set listening goals and listen for main ideas

Which of the following is not a reputable watchdog site? PolitiFact Wikipedia Fact Checker FactCheck

wikipedia

An audience-centered approach means you pander to the audience. you speak to the audience about topics they already know about. you consider your audience in every phase of the speech preparation process. you say what the audience wants to hear, even when it conflicts with what you believe.

you consider your audience in every phase of the speech preparation process

The source qualifier is... a brief description of the source's qualifications to address the topic. how a speaker determines the usefulness of a potential source. the main point the source supports. the speaker's credentials.

a brief description of the source's qualifications to address the topic

"Have you ever been to a professional hockey game?" is an example of a scale question. a closed-ended question. an expert question. an open-ended question.

a closed ended question

The thesis statement, the theme or central idea of a speech, should be expressed as a single, rhetorical question. a single, interrogative sentence. a single, declarative sentence. a short paragraph of declarative sentences.

a single, declarative sentence

When preparing a speech, the speaker's first task is to select a topic chosen by the audience. a topic and purpose appropriate to the audience and occasion. a purpose appropriate to the topic. a topic and purpose of interest to the speaker.

a topic and purpose appropriate to the audience and occasion