Speech Final Exam

Persuasive language rarely appeals to emotions. T/F

false

Researchers suggest that between ____% and ____% of the total meaning of a message comes to us through nonverbal signals.

65; 93

A general positive or negative feeling a person has about something is called _______.

attitude

After selecting your speech topic you should think about your speaking goals; start with the overall broad goal or general purpose of the speech.

true

A _______ is someone who guides or directs a group or activity with vision, charisma, and care.

leader

what type of group teaches members a new skill or provides them with new information?

learning groups

This type of delivery style is one of the most challenging forms of delivery.

manuscript

The significant positions a person occupies within a society that affect that person's identity in almost all social situations are known as

master statuses

Which of the following organization patterns is not appropriate for speeches on questions of value?

problem-solution

To create a successful invitational environment, a speaker must alter the traditional roles of speaker and audience by not only expressing his or her own views but also listening carefully to the audiences views. T/F

TRUE

_______ occurs when members begin to think too much alike and avoid silence disagreements.

groupthink

Presentations given by one or two group members who present a group's findings, conclusions, or proposals to other members of the group or to a larger audience are known as ______

oral reports

______ is an argument in which a speaker claims that taking a first step in one direction will inevitably lead to undesirable further steps.

slippery slope

Formal roles are clearly defined and assigned, such as team captain, meeting facilitator, and note taker.

True

Bullying is a problem that is typical of middle school and high school settings, but not the workplace. T/F

false

If an interviewee provides information that seems inconsistent with what your other research supports, it is never appropriate to ask your interviewee for documentation or sources that support unusual claims. T/F

false

Master statuses can have a powerful influence on a person's view of the world and always determine a person's standpoint.

false

One way to add punctuation to your words, as well as to establish mood, indicate a transition, take time to reflect, or emphasize a point is to use vocalized pauses. T/F

false

When you deliver your conclusion, you have two primary goals: to bring your speech to an end and to offer up a few extra thoughts or ideas. T/F

false

When you give an invitational speech to explore an issue, you should lay out as much info about the two primary positions as possible. T/F

false

Which of the following is the correct order for using Monroe's motivated sequence?

gain attention, demonstrating a need, satisfying that need, visualizing beneficial results, calling for action

Which of the following is not an example of an open-ended question?

"How long have you been working in the healthcare industry?"

Which of the following is not a tip for giving an effective invitational speech?

avoid including research when you state your opinions

What is the name for the process of reasoning that uses a familiar and commonly accepted claim to establish the truth of a very specific claim?

deductive reasoning

Speeches addressing questions of policy do not ever address the facts or the morality of the speech topic. T/F

false

When you brainstorm using ______, you use a pencil and paper, or your computer, with a blank document, and record all ideas that come to your mind.

free association

the specific purpose of a speech is __________.

a focused statement that identifies exactly what the speaker wants to accomplish in the speech

________ are specific instances used to illustrate a concept, experience, issue, or problem.

examples

Which of the following is not a tip for giving an effective persuasive speech?

expect to persuade all listeners

Although there are several ways to approach an invitational speech, the one most commonly used by beginning public speakers is the _______.

explore an issue

Which method of delivery tends to be the most natural type of delivery, making it one of the more common methods?

extemporaneous

A rhetorical question is a question used for effect and that audience members are supposed to answer out loud. T/F

false

Addressing counterarguments, or the arguments against the speaker's own position, diminishes a speaker's credibility. T/F

false

An invitational environment is one in which the speaker's primary goal is to convince as many audience members as possible to agree with their position. T/F

false

Speeches about concepts are about anything that is tangible-that is, can be perceived by the senses. T/F

false

When developing main points, it is a good idea to combine two or more ideas in each main point to cover as much information as possible. T/F

false

A ______ communicates knowledge and understanding about a process, an event, a place or person, an object, or a concept.

informative speech

Small groups and teams usually consist of a minimum of ____ people.

three

Phrases such as "I came to this view because" or "because of that experience, I began to see this issue as" are examples of using invitational language to communicate to your listeners that you value them and help identify your views as your own without imposing it on others. T/F

true

Ryan gave a speech asking audience members to contact the school administration and urge its staff to provide the funds needed to improve campus lighting. This is an example of a persuasive speech seeking immediate action. T/F

true

Several techniques will help ensure a productive question-and-answer session at the end of a speech. One good idea is to establish the format of the question-and-answer session during the introduction to the session. T/F

true

When speakers create the ________, they acknowledge that all audience members hold valid perspectives worthy of exploration.

condition of equality

When speakers recognize that audience members know what is best for them and that they have the right to make choices about their lives, speakers are creating the _______.

condition of self-determination

Which of the following is not one of the most common ways groups make decisions, as identified in your text?

intuition

A type of public speaking in which a speaker enters into a dialogue with an audience to clarify positions, explore issues and ideas, or articulate beliefs and values is called _______.

invitational speaking

When a group makes a decision by _________, it is allowing the leader or head of the group to make the final choice.

authority rule

Which of the following best describes the necessary conditions for workplace democracy and deliberation?

by relying on 1. shared values 2. organizational structures that support cooperation 3. fostering the development of individual talents and resources

Charlotte has decided to give an informative speech explaining how to make peanut brittle. Which organization pattern would be best for her to use?

chronological

Abstracts give you the complete text of newspapers, periodicals, encyclopedias, research reports, court cases, books, and other documents. T/F

false

The increasing connection among countries and the globalization of corporations mean that cultural differences are disappearing. T/F

false

The reflective-thinking method is used to help group members think about who is best suited to be assigned to various group tasks, assignments, and roles

false

When women display authoritarian, democratic, or laissez-faire leadership styles, groups are more likely to evaluate them as focused and competent. T/F

false

During her interview with the dean of students, Masha asked, "Would you mind expanding on that last point a little bit more?" What type of interview question was Masha asking?

probe

Attempts at persuasion generally address questions of fact, questions of value, or ______.

questions of policy

When we want to persuade an audience about what is good or bad, or what is right or wrong, we are speaking about ________.

questions of value

"How can we worry about illiteracy rates in the US when thousands of children are dying of AIDS and AIDS related illnesses in other countries?" This statement is an example of which fallacy?

red herring

People draw from five foundations or sources of power when they interact with others. What type of power exists when someone has the ability to influence others because of an association with or respect for the people who hold power in the group?

referent power

Listeneres find material to be _______ if it is useful, or if it is something they must know to do their jobs, live in a community, or make informed decisions.

relevant

______ are collections of individuals who come together to attempt to win something, to set a record, or to be the best at some task or event.

teams

It is possible to present to little info in a speech, causing the audience to be confused. T/F

true

One reason that public speakers appeal to emotions is to gain audience attention and motivate listening. T/F

true

One way to prepare for a Q&A session is to keep a log of the questions your audience might ask, then formulate and practice your answers to those questions. T/F

true

Open-ended questions invite a wide range of possible responses. T/F

true

Following the steps of the reflective-thinking method, after a group identifies a problem, they should _____

analyze the problem

One way to minimize bias in your informative speeches is to only use examples, statistics, testimony, and other materials that support your personal position. T/F

false

One way to overcome the fear that you will forget your extemporaneous speech is to write our every word of the speech. T/F

false

Since disagreements may become personal during the conflict stage of group work and teamwork, groups should take every possible step to avoid conflict.

false

Speakers should never provide their own testimony in a speech. T/F

false

Which of the following is not one of the types of connectives discussed in your textbook.

identifiers

The first step in the reflective-thinking model is to ______

identify the problem

If you make a speech up on the spot it is called a

impromptu speech

Flip charts, white boards, and SMART boards are good visual aid choices when you want to _________.

lead a discussion, keep track of ideas, or brainstorm with your audience

You should use a chart as a visual aid when you want to _______.

represent the parts of a whole or simply a complex process

When people work in groups, they often feel pressure to conform or "go along with the crowd." Which of the following strategies can help groups avoid this type of pressure?

rotate group tasks, roles, and assignments.

One way to bring your topic to life is to _________.

share the human side of your topic

Which of the following is not part of ethical informative speaking?

sharing only the components of the story that support your opinions

Formal or informal groups of individuals who gather to meet the personal, communal, and collective needs of people are called______?

social groups

Staying audience centered throughout the speech process means that, as you develop and present your speech, you continually reflect on the needs and interests of your audience. T/F

true

Professor Martin divided her class into groups of five students each. The groups were assigned a major group project to complete before the end of the semester. During their first group meeting, Owen, Wyatt, Aubrey, and Sofia spend time getting to know one another. They share ideas tentatively and cautiously and when Wyatt makes a clearly ridiculous suggestion, no one disagrees. This group is in the _______ stage of group work.

orientation

"To inform my audience about the process of planting, harvesting, and preparing organic produce" is an example of a _________.

specific-purpose

Informative speeches about abstractions, or things you cannot perceive with your senses-such as ideas, theories, principles, worldviews, or beliefs are called _______.

speeches about concepts

________ describe or explain significant, interesting, or unusual occurrences.

speeches about events

Which of the following is not a guideline for conducting interviews?

start with questions that are most challenging

which of the following is the basic standard for personal grooming for public-speaking situations?

the speakers dress should be appropriate to the occasion

Which of the following in not a reason that people choose to participate in the public dialogue?

the want to prevent others from speaking

In his speech on learning a second language, Conner stated: "When we learn a second language, we learn to appreciate the culture of the people who speak that language and we also increase our understanding of our own culture." This is conners _______.

thesis statement or central idea

When using technology in groups and teams, actions such as expecting immediate replies to our inquiries, taking credit for ideas generated by others, and plagiarizing content from the internet are examples of

uncivil behavior

Speeches can use stories to construct an argument. T/F

true

A speech that explains how a solar panel converts the sun's heat into our energy is a speech about a

process

Wyatt is preparing a persuasive speech about the risk of violent crime in the local community. Which strategy should Wyatt use?

should speak honestly about the problem without exaggerating it, and then offer practical steps the audience can take to reduce its risk

Owen is planning to give an informative speech about the nation's most popular national parks. He has decided to organize his speech by talking about popular parks in the eastern US first, and then moving westward before ending with information about Yosemite National Park in California. What pattern of organization is used?

spatial

Which pattern of organization can help you organize your ideas according to location or geography?

spatial

______ is a general or widespread agreement among all the members of a group.

consensus

______ leaders spread responsibilities, tasks, and opportunities across the membership; they empower group members by giving them the opportunity to develop skills, learn new things, and challenge themselves.

democratic

Because informative speeches focus on ________, we should use language that is descriptive and instructive.

describing, defining, and explaining

The roles of blocker, attacker, and joker are examples of which type of informal role?

dysfunctional roles

Which of the following is not part of the invitational environment?

encourage the audience to support your position

In the introduction to her speech about the natural wonders of Yosemite National Park, Riley said, "My family has vacationed in Yosemite National Park every year since I was born. Yosemite is where I took my first step and lost my first tooth, and it's also where I saw my first black bear." In these sentences, Riley was ________.

establishing her credibility

In online forums,__________.

messages or topics are posted online, and individuals have an opportunity to post their individual responses and ideas to those original messages

The _______ is the number that occurs most often in a set of numbers.

mode

Which pattern of organization allows the speaker to systematically address the many sides and positions of an issue before opening up the speech for dialogue with the audience?

multiple perspectives

To persuade ethically is to ______.

recognize the complexity of the issues you speak about and the possible effects of the proposed solutions on your audience

David is preparing an agenda for an upcoming group meeting. His group has one major issue to cover and several small items that can be handled fairly quickly. How should david organize these items on his agenda?

start with small items first them go to large item

A technique for reducing anxiety that involves teaching your body to feel calm and relaxed rather than fearful during your speeches is known as ________

systematic desensitization

When you create the condition of value, you let your audience know

that differing views and opinions will be explored in a spirit of mutual understanding, without judgement

The fundamental goal of invitational speaking is ______.

the exchange and appreciation of perspectives

Andie decided to use the following thesis in her persuasive speech: "The problems of wildlife overpopulation, the spread of disease, and other negative consequences caused by deeding big-game wildlife can be solved by keeping food away from wild animals." Which organizational pattern should Andie use?

Problem-cause-solution

The statement, "The overpopulation of zebra mussels has destroyed the natural balance of the ecosystem and damages boats, buoys, docks, and anchors" uses what type of reasoning?

casual reasoning

Groups and teams evolve through several stages as they meet to discuss and work through tasks and dilemmas. Which of the following is the correction progression of stages?

orientation, conflict, emergence, reinforcement, and dissolution

This term refers to how correctly a word is said; for example, saying the word nuclear as "nu-cle-ar"

pronunciation

A group or team works well when its members understand how they are to operate, what they are to do, and __________.

the job they are to perform

What type of organizational pattern allows you to highlight the aspects of a topic that are most useful and important for an audience to understand?

topical

Nelson Mandela is often described as an example of a ______ leader because he inspired generations of people to work for a cause larger than themselves.

transformative

"Now that you understand how our childhood memories influence our relationship to money, let's explore the relationship we have to money as adults." The underlined statements represent which type of connective?

transition

According to the elaboration likelihood model, listeners who lack motivation to think critically about a topic move toward using the peripheral processing route. T/F

true

Expectations for the appropriate amount of direct eye contact made by a speaker vary depending on culture and gender. T/F

true

Inductive reasoning is best used when you can identify trends to make a claim about a general conclusion; to indicate something is expected to happen again or should hold true based on previous experience. T/F

true

Research suggests that when speakers discuss two sides of an issue, they are more persuasive if they actively refute the side they oppose rather than simply describe it without providing evidence for why the audience should share the speaker's views. T/F

true