Speech Final Exam

Metaphors, similes, and personification are all examples of _____. common clichés unbiased language figurative language connotative meanings

c

Michael is trying to convince his roommate to believe in God and come to church with him next Sunday. Michael's feelings toward God are an example of a(n) _____. behavior attitude belief value

c

Quotes should be used in your introduction only if they are extremely interesting, compelling, or _____. gently humorous attributable very much to the point controversial

c

Stephanie deleted the sentence "This has been an incredible journey" from her speech because she knows the word "journey" has become overused and somewhat meaningless. In other words, it is _____. vernacular a simile a cliché jargon

c

The clip-on microphone used by many newscasters is called the _____ microphone. stationary boom lavaliere hand-held

c

A belief that is held in common by a group of people, based on their values, cultural heritage, and faith, is called a(n) _____. myth narrative anecdote legend

a

A speaker who employs verbal irony says _____ of what they mean. the opposite an exaggeration a mockery an understatement

a

A(n) _____ is typically included in or follows a statement of the central idea in the introduction. internal preview initial summary internal summary initial preview

a

Paulette is taking the time to think about everything the salesperson just told her before she decides whether to purchase the car. Which of the following terms applies to what Paulette is doing? elaborate motivate mitigate instigate

a

Which types of words are found at the top of the ladder of abstraction? detailed short abstract concrete

c

Which of the following speakers is employing pathos in their persuasive message? "I'm a responsible leader and I promise to lower taxes in our community." "The last time I borrowed your laptop I returned it without a scratch and I will do the same this time." "If you agree to listen to me, I agree to tell you a story you want to hear." "Friends help friends and I could use a friend at this very moment."

d

According to the text, the most obvious purpose of an introduction is to _____. introduce the subject establish speaker credibility preview the main ideas give the audience a reason to listen

a

At the end of the presentation, Jackie acted as the moderator and summarized the points reported by the five group members on the stage. Which type of presentation format was used in this situation? symposium panel discussion seminar forum

a

Carson told the audience, "Every morning at 5:00 am, my alarm clock springs to life and prods me like a drill sergeant." What technique does he use here? personification metaphor onomatopoeia simile

a

Kyle was surprised that his audience seemed restless during his presentation. He had worked hard to make it amusing, and had even incorporated several funny voices and gestures. However, Kyle's audience was expecting a formal presentation about applying for student loans. The audience response in this situation can be explained by _____. nonverbal expectancy theory emotional contagion theory transactional theory platform communication theory

a

Many people in Martha's audience rushed right out to the book store to buy her book because her weight loss speech had been so emotional that they wanted to read about her journey. This demonstrates the idea of which way to conclude a speech? inspirational appeal reference to introduction summarizing main ideas startling statistics

a

Nora ran quickly to the podium after she was introduced and drank a large glass of water before she began to speak. Her speech was on staying hydrated while exercising. Which important function did this action accomplish? introduce the subject preview the main ideas establish the speaker's credibility get the audience's attention

a

What are the two cardinal rules of an introductory speech? be brief; be accurate be indirect; be informative be simple; be persuasive be short; be sweet

a

Following her nomination to the school board, Jessica stood up and said a few words. What type of speech would she give in this situation? nomination speech acceptance speech eulogy commencement address

b

Jake told his audience, "I need every single one of you to go home and write your state representative a letter about this issue." What type of closure do his words represent? complete an extended illustration motivate audience to respond reemphasize central idea in a memorable way provide a nonverbal cue

b

Kenneth grew up in Louisiana and his speech includes Cajun phrases. These phrases are a form of _____. metaphors ethnic vernacular jargon regionalisms

b

Michael reminded the audience, "When we started off today, I told you that 35 percent of the homeless population is considered mentally incompetent. I hope I have convinced you that our state needs programs to help these people." What technique is Michael using in his conclusion? historical reference reference to introduction anecdote personal reference

b

When a speaker leaves out a word or phrase that the audience expects to hear, it is called _____. submission omission suspension inversion

b

Which attention-getting method is especially effective at helping the audience to relax? historical reference humor anecdote rhetorical question

b

While the chef demonstrated how to make a roast, Josa immediately thought about his grandmother, and how much he loves the smell of roast beef cooking in her oven. His thoughts are an example of a _____ meaning. concrete connotative denotative parallel

b

Which form of faulty reasoning involves attacking unrelated characteristics of the person proposing an idea rather than attacking the idea itself? hasty generalization bandwagon fallacy ad hominem red herring

c

Which of the following aspects of preparing a group presentation is considered the central and most important step? select and narrow the topic rehearse the speech gather supporting material analyze the audience

d

Which of the following is a good tip for organizing your persuasive message? Never bring up the disadvantages of your message. If you want listeners to take action, it is best to tell them what you want them to do at the beginning of your speech. Save your strongest arguments for last if you have a hostile audience to bolster your terminal credibility. Do not bury key arguments and evidence in the middle of your message.

d

Jake paused dramatically before delivering the punch line to his joke. What strategy is he using to make sure his humor is effective? nonverbal cue understatement exaggeration voice recognition

a

According to the text, a commencement address should praise the graduates and also focus on the _____. past future present unknown

b

Which of the following words can be used to accurately describe hyperbole? downplay exaggeration opposition drama

b

A(n) _____ relies on double meanings to create humor. understatement malapropism pun spoonerism

c

Statements coming from the government that deal with sensitive and critical issues typically use which carefully-scripted method of delivery? impromptu manuscript memorized extemporaneous

b

The degree of physical or psychological closeness between a speaker and his or her audience is known as _____. purposefulness immediacy proximity eye contact

b

The degree to which the speech content affects the listeners directly is known as _____. specificity proximity recency reliability

b

The introduction of a 10-minute speech will probably last no more than _____. 30 seconds a minute and a half five minutes three minutes

b

The subject of the discourse, the occasion, the audience, and the _____ all affect the style of the language that is used in a speech. preceding speakers personality of the speaker instructor's assignment time of day

b

Tyrell is practicing his speech in front of some friends. Since his goal is to persuade, Tyrell should make a special effort to _____ during the rehearsal process. review social judgment theory get feedback about clarity and structure analyze the audience eliminate emotional appeals

b

What are the two main strategies the text discusses to summarize a speech? consolidate and coordinate reemphasize and restate establish and emphasize displace and disrupt

b

When is high fear arousal more effective in persuasion than moderate or low appeals? when the listeners' lives could be at risk when you are a highly credible speaker when the audience is neutral when you are using a problem-solution speech organization

b

The underlying internal force that drives people to achieve their goals is called _____. conflict rivalry motivation love

c

According to James W. Robinson, why do inspirational appeals work well in conclusions? They remove the audience from current stresses and demands and give them a moment to accept the speaker's gifts. They scare readers into action and make them more likely to research your topic further. They make the audience members feel important. They stand out against most other speeches.

a

Cognitive dissonance can be used to motivate listeners to respond to a persuasive message. What does the term dissonance mean? lack of harmony or agreement an unrealized potential reinterpretation an abundance of positive values

a

Henry's speech will be given at the beginning of the conference to emphasize the importance of the day's events and to motivate the audience to work hard. Henry is giving a _____. keynote address toast speech of introduction commencement address

a

In his speech about accommodating students with disabilities, Samuel begins with the story of his own brother with a disability. As Samuel finishes his speech by describing his brother's college graduation, this conclusion _____. provides unified support for his main ideas issues a challenge refers to the motivated sequence answers a rhetorical question

a

Reasoning by analogy is a form of _____ reasoning. inductive causal syllogistic deductive

a

Rephrasing a question helps make sure the audience heard the question, allows you to summarize the question, ensures that you understand the question, and _____. gives you time to think of an answer gives credit to the listener who asked the question gives you the opportunity to change the question reestablishes your credibility

a

Television broadcasters used phrases like "Dante's hell" and "nuclear winter" following the attack on the World Trade Center. This type of language is categorized as _____ rhetoric. crisis fear emergency inflammatory

a

The three elements of a syllogism include: the major premise, the minor premise, and the _____. conclusion transition evidence context

a

Tonya wants to get her audience's attention quickly when she starts her demonstration. Which of the following will help her accomplish this? mention a startling fact tell the audience about her main points offer her credentials present her central idea

a

When Jonah arrived at the meeting, his boss asked him to fill in for the main speaker who had called in sick. Jonah's boss knew that Jonah had also been involved in the project. What type of speaking will Jonah be doing? impromptu manuscript extemporaneous memorized

a

Which of the following is an example of a challenge to the audience? "And I urge you to create a household fire safety plan with your family tonight when you get home." "Overall, I am more skilled, experienced, and dedicated than my opponent, and therefore I am the best option for president of the Student Governing Association." "Congratulations to Ms. Smith on receiving this award. I can't think of anyone else who deserves it more!" "I hope you enjoyed the opportunity to learn more about time shares."

a

Which of the following is true regarding effective conclusions? You should make it memorable and motivate the audience to respond. Techniques utilized in the introduction should be avoided. You should avoid challenging the audience. Quotations are not frequently used.

a

While Steven was waiting to give his speech, he was surprised to hear the speaker before him address the same topic he was going to talk about. What strategy should Steven consider in order to make the best of the situation? refer to the preceding speech in his introduction avoid any reference to the other speech ask the other speaker to stay on stage with him skip his speech altogether

a

You should draw on _____ while gathering supporting material for your persuasive message. ethos, pathos, and logos propositions of fact, value, and policy values, beliefs, and attitudes Maslow's hierarchy of needs

a

A speaker who is seen as informed, skilled, and knowledgeable about a topic can be described as _____. trustworthy competent dynamic charismatic

b

An epideictic speech is another name for a(n) _____ speech. extemporaneous ceremonial informative persuasive

b

Starting a presentation by saying "Are we prepared to meet the challenges of tomorrow?" is an example of a(n) _____ question. inappropriate rhetorical humorous ironic

b

Which of the following speakers is using a nonverbal cue to signal the end of a speech? Milo told his listeners, "We now know that there are 10 million starving children in our nation and the government has four laws in place to help. Let's get out there and make a difference." Calista took a long pause and stepped toward the audience before delivering her closing remark, "Now, where will you be on election day?" Alex reminded the audience that as he had grown up in a house with 17 other people, he now knew how to take a fast shower. Carlos said, "Finally, where we stand today on this issue is where we will stand for years to come. It's time to vote yes."

b

Why might it be helpful to make an audio or video recording of yourself speaking during the rehearsal stage? It helps improve your eye contact and audience interaction. You can use it to observe your physical and vocal mannerisms. You can use the recording to ensure your words match exactly from rehearsal to rehearsal. It stands as a replacement if you can't speak on the day of your presentation.

b

You should probably avoid using humor in your introduction if _____. your audience is composed of older adults your audience is linguistically diverse your speech's purpose is not to entertain you are speaking in class

b

Zachary said to his audience, "Trust me, I drove a pickup truck for fifteen years before I realized how dangerous it was." His message is based on Aristotle's idea of _____. pathos ethos logos mythos

b

A speaker should use _____ words when he or she wants to appeal to the audience's five senses. general denotative concrete abstract

c

According to the text, an effective speaker should use words concisely. This means that the speaker should _____. add more words keep it short be succinct avoid repetition

c

Alvin knew that the majority of the people in his audience didn't really have an opinion on texting and driving, so he was going to have to relate the topic to them in order to keep them interested. Alvin's audience can be described as _____. unreceptive captive neutral receptive

c

As she finished her speech, Tyra told the audience about her own interactions with special needs children as she was growing up. What method is she using to conclude her speech? appeal statistics illustration quotation

c

Caroline liked the presenter because she told the audience that, just like them, she had also worked in state government. This is an example of _____ credibility. inherent initial derived terminal

c

Communication that takes place other than through written or spoken language is known as _____ communication. oral primitive nonverbal mass

c

During her speech, Natalie said "The male nurse was considered an excellent caregiver." How did Natalie use sexist language in this instance? She patronized nurses by giving a title to just one member of the group. She incorporated an outdated use of the masculine pronoun. She perpetuated the stereotype that nurses are typically female. She implied the denotative meaning of the word nurse.

c

If a nonverbal message contradicts the verbal message, what is the effect on the audience? Listeners will not believe either message. Listeners tend to believe the verbal message. Listeners tend to believe the nonverbal message. Listeners will attempt to assimilate both messages.

c

In a _____ presentation, audience members direct questions and comments to a group, and group members respond with short, impromptu speeches. seminar symposium forum panel discussion

c

It is more difficult for a speaker to change the _____ of an audience than any of the other dispositions. attitudes behaviors values beliefs

c

Jason didn't believe anything the seminar speaker had to say because she failed to make eye contact with anyone in the audience and seemed unsure of herself. Jason would likely say that the speaker is not _____. honest organized credible interesting

c

Kent's speech included the following words: "We shall understand how much it takes to fight this disease. We shall find the funds to allow us to research this disease. We shall beat this disease." Kent was using parallelism and repetition in order to _____. remove bias develop contrast create cadence paint a sensory image

c

Mason has been asked to talk about what his association does and the special projects they are undertaking in the next six months. Mason will be giving a(n) _____ speech. commencement tribute public-relations announcement

c

Robert knew that his audience members were in attendance to learn how to stand up for themselves when faced with unfair criticism. This speech focuses on which of Maslow's hierarchy of needs? safety social self-esteem physiological

c

The _____ of your speech is determined by the amount of air you project through your larynx. rate tone volume pitch

c

The focus of Trevor's speech is to convince his audience that grasshoppers play an important role in the ecological system and aren't just " gross bugs." His persuasive speech is designed to change the audience's _____. behavior belief attitude value

c

The language taught by schools in the United States is known as _____ American English. Traditional Consolidated Standard Regional

c

The process of changing or reinforcing attitudes, beliefs, values, or behavior is called _____. argument rhetoric persuasion declamation

c

The radio advertisement promoted the idea that the face cream would erase age spots in six months. This advertisement is using positive motivation by focusing on a(n) _____. threat feature benefit conflict

c

The text provides three guidelines for adapting your language to your listeners: use language the audience can understand, use appropriate language, and use _____ language. creative abstract unbiased concise

c

Thomas told the board of directors that they should not consider building a new theater because the baseball team had not won a game in three years. What type of faulty reasoning is Thomas demonstrating? bandwagon fallacy ad hominem non sequitur either/or fallacy

c

What activity typically follows a toast? the speaker takes a bow a question and answer session guests raise their glasses handouts are passed around

c

What is the correct sequence of steps in the motivated sequence organizational pattern? visualization, attention, satisfaction, action, need action, need, attention, satisfaction, visualization attention, need, satisfaction, visualization, action attention, visualization, satisfaction, need, action

c

When audience members feel that they are or could be personally involved or affected, they are more likely to _____. agree with the speaker feel dissatisfied with the speaker respond to the speaker's message ignore the speaker's conclusion

c

Which of the following is true regarding propositions of fact? They advocate a specific action. They always make good persuasive speech topics. The often require supporting evidence to help prove them. They are always undebatable.

c

Which of the following students is using the extemporaneous delivery method? Daisy delivered her speech without any advance preparation. Serena read her speech from a prepared text. Ian related the major ideas of his speech but did not memorize it word-for-word. Carter gave his speech exactly from memory without using notes.

c

Which of these situations is an example of red herring reasoning? A nationally-known basketball player endorses athletic shoes in television commercials. The owner of Jim's company told the employees "either take the pay cut or close the company." When the politician was asked if he was involved in the recent money laundering scandal, he replied that his recent stand on abortion had made nationwide changes in the health system. Colleen felt certain that her daughter won the contest because she had worn her lucky shoes.

c

According to the text, it is especially important for a public-relations speaker to anticipate _____. support retaliation cognitive dissonance criticism

d

According to the text, the phrase "in conclusion" can sometimes backfire on a speaker because _____. listeners consider this a nonverbal cue it's overused it implies that there is more information to come it can cause listeners to tune out

d

After Katrine learned that the new health care law had been passed, she incorporated this information into her introduction. What method is Katrine using to create her introduction? proximal reference personal reference reference to a historical event reference to a recent event

d

After hearing the audience member's question, Luke said "Obviously you have not heard a single word I said." What technique for responding to audience questions is Luke ignoring in this situation? stay on message when you don't know, admit it anticipate audience questions listen nonjudgmentally

d

An effective conclusion serves two purposes: summarize the speech and _____. introduce the specific purpose establish credibility review transitions provide closure

d

Asking for an immediate show of support is effective for which type of audience? captive unreceptive neutral receptive

d

If a speaker incorporates an anecdote into his or her introduction, what do they do? reference the occasion quote a famous person give advice tell a story

d

In a speech about non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, Randy ended by revealing that he was successfully being treated for the disease. Randy's conclusion used the technique of _____. quotation reference to introduction inspirational appeal personal reference

d

Jack's speech teacher stressed the importance of rehearsing a speech ahead of time, and gave several tips to ensure success including preparing the room and equipment, arriving early, and _____. making last-minute tweaks to the content memorizing the body of the speech eating a heavy meal beforehand visualizing success

d

The questions "Why should they listen to me?" and "What is my background with respect to the topic?" are both questions regarding _____. attention creativity proximity credibility

d

The speaker begins to speak more slowly as she walks to the front of the stage. She deliberately looks around the audience, pauses, and then speaks in a lower pitch. The speaker is most likely trying to _____. signal the beginning of her speech motivate the audience to respond regain audience attention signal her presentation's conclusion

d

The speaker told the audience, "Let's all join together in this cleanup effort. This is our school, and we all need to care for it." Which emotion was this speaker appealing to? hope reverence courage pride

d

When speaking to a receptive audience, the speaker need not spend too much time on lengthy _____. emotional appeals references to common beliefs and concerns statements of credibility explanations or facts

d

Which of the following is an example of a proposition of value? Recreational marijuana use should be legalized in all fifty states. Illinois is smaller than Alaska. All retail employees should undergo CPR training. It is best if a teenager pays for their first car on their own.

d

Which of the following is true regarding the preparation of speaking notes? You should always use complete sentences. Most teachers discourage the use of electronic notes. You should only use phrases and symbols. Many teachers advocate using note cards for these.

d

You should use _____ to impress your listeners with clarity and organization during Q&A sessions. brevity gestures handouts signposts

d