Sports Injury Management Exam 1

In performing their responsibility as an emergency first aider, a coach is not likely to be protected by the "Good Samaritan Laws." Identify 4 conditions that must exist for immunity based on the "Good Samaritan Laws" to apply to the emergency first aider.

1. acts during an emergency 2. acts with good faith 3. acts without expected compensation 4. is not got guilty negligence

Understanding and completing their duty of care consistent with state laws and professional policies and standards of practice is key to a coach reducing litigation for their actions. Identify 5 other strategies that can be used by a coach to reduce the risk of litigation.

1. let the athletes and parents know prior to the season the risks of the sport 2. get properly fitted equipment 3. teach proper technique 4. supervise the athletes 5. Make sure the playing surface is playable

Explain the on-site assessment and management (within the standard of care of a coach) of an unconscious individual who is lying supine

Activate emergency action plan, Call 911, If the athlete is breathing leave them on their stomach and monitor until EMS arrives, If they are not log roll, Remove helmet mask, remove clothing from chest, start CPR and attach the AED until EMS arrives

What is the National Athletic Trainers Association?

An organization that enhances and advances the profession of athletic training

What are the signs and symptoms of shock?

Anxiety, Clammy skin, Thirsty, sunken eyes, nausea, Irregular breathing, Dizziness, Rapid Weak pulse

In the absence of an athletic trainer, what are the responsibilities of a coach with regard to injury assessment and management?

Assessing the injury based on location and severity, Determining the right plan of action for managing the injury, Administering the plan of action and performing first-aid if necessary

According to the NATA, what is an athletic trainer?

Athletic trainers are specialized in diagnosing, prevention, and chronic conditions involving athletics

An individual sustains a severe blow to the abdomen. How should a coach determine if the individual is experiencing internal bleeding?

Blunt trauma, Sings and symptoms of shock, Fractures of the pelvis rib or skull

An individual sustains an open wound that results in bleeding. Some of the blood spills on the activity room floor. Explain the implementation of 4 universal conditions in managing this scenario.

Clean the area, Clean the spills with the right infection control standards, designate a person to clean up, biohazard waste bags available, an agency dispose of biohazard waste

During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. A. Is the coach at risk for negligence? If so, which negligent tort would be the basis for the wrong?

He is at risk for misfeasance negligence, he left the room which is the wrong procedure to while athletes are lifting.

Explain the management for a total airway obstruction

Heimlich maneuver, Unconscious= call 911, Activate emergency plan, While waiting for EMS monitor & CPR

passive range of motion (PROM)

Helping the athlete move the injured body part

In developing an emergency plan for a high school athletic program, why it is essential to address the topic of determining "when and who" will make a 911 call and make the call to the parents of the injured adolescent?

If a coach is attending to an injured athlete a student needs to call 911 so the process can be more efficient. They also need to let the parents know that a student is apart of the emergency response team.

What is the advantage of a team approach to the delivery healthcare?

If everyone on the healthcare team knows their job then the injured individual will be able to get the treatment they need in a timely and effective manner

Why is the application of cold the appropriate course of action in the immediate management of an acute musculoskeletal injury (i.e., what are the physiological effects of cold)?

Initial cold sensation, burning and aching, numbing sensation

Explain the management for a partial airway obstruction

Keep coughing

What are the commonly known substances that can cause anaphylaxis in hypersensitive individuals?

Medications, food and food additives, Inhaled substances Radiographic Dye

For respiration, provide 3 examples of abnormal values or qualities.

More than 25 breathes per minute, Less than 10 breathes per minute, No sounds of breathing

Why is there a different professional standard of care for an athletic trainer and a coach?

They were trained differently, Different qualifications, make sure each professional knows the limits of their care

Why is AROM assessed? What factors/conditions could cause limits in AROM?

To asses the injury better, get a better feel if the athlete is able to move it., It can cause further harm to the injured body part

During a weight training session, the coach left the room to work with some players in the gymnasium. While the coach was out of the room, an athlete sustained an injury using the equipment. B.If none of the athletes sustained an injury during the time the coach was in the gymnasium, is the coach at risk for negligence? Justify your response.

Yes he is because he is still leaving the athletes and not properly supervising them while they are lifting.

tort

a civil wrong for which damages are awarded

standard of care

act as a reasonable prudent person

informed consent

authorization to provide treatment for an injury

angina

chest pain during physical exertion

commission

committing an act that is not one's responsibility

What is the focus of the observation component in the onsite assessment of a musculoskeletal injury?

consciousness, body language, range of motion, posture, attitude

For pupils, provide 3 examples of abnormal values or qualities.

constricted, dilated, unequal

For skin temperature, provide 3 examples of abnormal values or qualities.

cool and clammy, Hot and dry, dry and cool

septic

derives from severe, usually bacterial, infection

neurogenic

due to an insufficient blood volume, cannot supply oxygen to the vital organs

atherosclerosis

excessive build up of cholesterol in coronary arteries

hypertrophic cardiomyopathy

excessive enlargement of the heart

omission

failure to perform one's responsibility

syncope

fainting and lightheadedness

myocardial infarction

heart attack

When should a suspected fracture be treated as a medical emergency?

if there is a fracture and also a major trauma

arrhythmia

irregular heartbeats

In the process of cleansing an open wound, what conditions would require the coach to recommend immediate physician referral?

life-threatening wounds, bleeding uncontrollably, are unable to take all debris out, a wound that could require stitches, penetrating wound

Explain (in detail) the role of movement in the inflammatory phase of the healing process. (Make reference to the nature of the movement with regard to time and physiological responses.)

move gently after the bleeding has stopped and do so in accordance to their pain tolerance, moving toes or flexing ankle, to help range of motion

For pulse, provide 3 examples of abnormal values or qualities.

no capillary refill, lower than 40 beats per minute, can not feel pulse

Why is it advantageous for a coach to utilize an adapted version of a HOPS format in assessing an injury?

observation and inspection, palpation, Special testing, All these help when evaluating the severity of the injury

duty of care

protect participants from unreasonable risks

For skin color, provide 3 examples of abnormal values or qualities.

red, white or ashen, blue

Why is the application of compression equally as important as the application of cold in the immediate management of a majority of acute soft tissue injuries?

reduces swelling, reduces excessive internal bleeding, reduces the space for fluid seepage, encourages fluid absorption

psychogenic

refers to a temporary dilation of blood vessels

implied warranty

responsibility of manufacturers to produce equipment that will not cause injury when use for its intended purpose

metabolic

results from a severe loss of body fluids because of an untreated illness

hypovolemic

results from excessive blood or fluid loss leading to inadequate circulation

assumption of risk

strategy for informing participants of inherent dangers during physical activity

What considerations should be addressed by a coach in determining whether it is appropriate to perform palpation during the onsite assessment of a musculoskeletal injury?

tenderness, temperature, deformity, muscle spasm, cutaneous sensation, pulse

misfeasance

using the wrong procedure in performing a responsibility

In the onsite assessment of a musculoskeletal injury, what questions should a coach ask to determine the nature and severity of the injury?

what is wrong?, what hurts?, how did it happen?, what were you doing?, where is your pain?, rate pain, other painful areas?, did you hear anything?, has this ever happened to you before?

expressed warranty

written guarantee that equipment is safe for use

Following the completion of a mandatory preparticipation examination, a physician determined that a high school student was cleared for participation an athletic team. Based on that clearance, should the parents of the student consider their son/ daughter to have a "clean bill of health?" Why or why not?

No they should not, because the pre physical examination does not test for everything.

What are the 7 major performance domains of the athletic trainer?

Prevention, Clinical Evaluation and Diagnosis, Immediate Care, Treatment, Rehabilitation and Reconditioning, Organization and Administration, Professional Responsibility

What is the purpose of the primary and secondary survey?

Primary asses the ABC's. Secondary is for the type and extent of the injury: Decisions, immobilization, control bleeding, safe transportation, rapid referral

What are the 5 responsibilities of the coach with regard to injury prevention?

Teach proper technique, provide programs to condition athltes, ask about the safety of equipment, facility and field, Make sure athletes are healthy enough to play, Supervision

What is the BOC?

The Board of certification for an athletic trainer, they determine who gets certified as an athletic trainer and also what the performance domains are.

resisted range of motion (RROM)

The coach applies resistance to the injured body part to see if the athlete can still move it

active range of motion (AROM)

The injured athlete trying to move the body part on their own

respiratory

due to insufficient oxygen in the blood as a result of inadequate breathing