STA210 Chapter 2

2.29 Exhibit 1, Question 2. Use data from the table to compute the percentage of those Not Incentivized who responded early to the survey. A. 16% B. 32% C. 75% D. 5%

A

2.8 You have enough money to interview 90 residents. Working much the way Gallup did in the 1930s you want your sample of 90 to mirror the distribution of subjects in the population exactly (at least along the lines of gender, income,and political affiliation). How many people would your sample place in the group "Males making between $40,000 and $80,000 yearly?" If your calculation results in a partial person, leave the number as it is-don't round. A. 20 B. 6.4 C. 1.5 D. 40

A

A carefully chosen simple random sample may not be representative of the population. How this could be? A. There is always some chance that a random sample won't be representative.There is nothing about how an SRS is taken that guarantees it will be representative. In a class with 10 men and 100 women, an SRS of size 10 gives the same chance to all 10 men being chosen as it does to any other sample of size 10. B. There is always some chance that a random sample won't be representative. That having, been said it is very unlikely in the sense that in a class with 10 men and 100 women, an SRS of size 10 being all 10 men would be way less likely than any other sample of size 10. C. There is always some chance that a random sample won't be representative. But the way that an SRS is taken makes that very unlikely to occur. In essence, "random" means "representative" for all practical purposes. D. There is always some chance that a random sample won't be representative. Of course if this were to happen it would be because some error (maybe really small) was made on the part of the persons collecting the sample. But it could happen.

A

A recent poll of 1500 college-age students found that 885 agreed with U.S. foreign policy toward Israel. What is the corresponding 95% confidence interval (choose closest answer)? A. 59% plus or minus 3% B. 59% plus or minus 95% C. 885 plus or minus 95 D. 885 plus or minus 3%

A

A survey was conducted by Playboy, asking questions about the sex lives of 5,000 U.S. University and College students. One question asked: "Are you in a nude picture on someone's camera phone?" 34 percent said "yes". Name at least one error you'd expect this survey to suffer from even if all 15.9 million College and University students in the U.S. had answered, and not just 5,000. A. Error caused by fabricated responses B. Error caused by camera phone restrictions on nudity C. Error caused by increasing confidence levels D. Error caused by sampling

A

About how many study subjects agreed with Statement 3? A. 343 B. 123 C. 600 D. None agreed

A

According to the authors of this study, what is one way to address response substitution? (Hint: locate the actual paper using online resources at UK that give you access, and look on page 9, right hand column.) A. Tell the consumers that, after the survey is over, they'll have the opportunity to express any opinion they might have. B. Tell the consumers to make sure they only answer the questions being asked and that they don't allow their thoughts to wander to things they'd really like to say. C. Tell the consumers that it is a violation of survey research ethics to pre-judge a person in the absence of any hard facts.

A

BN 2.12 Question 1, Exhibit 1. What is the actual population being addressed by a Gallup telephone survey? Be very precise with your answer? A. Gallup refers to the target audience as "national adults," representing all adults, aged 18 and older, living in United States B. Gallup refers to the target audience as all adults, with cell phones of course, living in the central 48 states. C. Gallup refers to the target audience as all Americans, regardless of age, living in United States

A

BN 2.2 Question 1, Exhibit 1: What is wrong with Statement 1? A. This makes it sound like the parameter is random B. This makes it sound like the parameter is known in advance C. This makes it sound like it is not possible for a probability to be negative D. This makes it sound like the statistic is random

A

BN 2.27 Exhibit 1, Question 1: Compute a 95% margin of error for the true proportion of all Americans who believe that the reform package will prohibit insurers from denying coverage to people. A. 0.02 B. 0.014 C. 0.05 D. 0.95

A

BN 2.6 In Exhibit 2, Question 1, you were asked to list all possible distinct samples of size two from this four-person population. How many were there? A. 6 B. 12 C. 3 D. 5

A

Consider the following survey question: "The Mac operating system rarely gets infected by viruses and therefore Department of Education should only purchase Mac computers. Please answer Yes or No". What is one objection to this question, as asked? A. Because of the "rarely gets infected by viruses" clause this question is a leading question. B. It won't necessarily be clear what one means by a Mac operating system." C. Only have two possible answers severely limits the breadth of expression for the respondent. D. It would be silly to ask this question to people who don't have any purchasing power in the College of Education

A

Exhibit 1, Question 1: What is the z* required to computer an 80% MOE? A. 1.28 B. 1 C. 2 D. 3 standard deviations

A

Question 1, Exhibit 2 (first part): Use the empirical rule to estimate how likely it is that an answer to this question will be in the interval 2.10 to 4.20 A. 68 chances in 100 B. 50 chances in 100 C. 32 chances in 100 D. 13.5 chances in 100

A

Question 3, Exhibit 1: Suppose a college student is selected at random. Use the empirical rule to estimate how likely it is that this student studies more than 20 hours per week. A. 2.5 chances in 100 B. 95 chances in 100 C. 5 chances in 100 D. 2.35 chances in 100

A

Question 4, Exhibit 1: If you study 15 hours per week, then how many standard deviations away from the mean do you fall? A. 0 B. Can't tell from information given C. 1 D. 2

A

Refer to the graphic below. We encountered this summary of the sampling distribution of the sample proportion in class. Specify an interval (range) in which 68% of all sample proportions based on samples of size n could be expected to occur. A. Within (0.5)x(1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the parameter p. B. Within (0.5)x(1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the sample proportion phat. C. Within (1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the parameter p. D. Within (1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the sample proportion phat.

A

Suppose the cross-sectional sample taken above represents a perfect microcosm of the larger population with respect to the legalization of marijuana. Is there any uncertainty involved in using this sample to represent the proportion of people in Gulliver who favor the legalization of marijuana? Say why or why not. A. There would be no uncertainty about what the population felt at that very moment in time. Not if you had a perfect microcosm. B. There would be still be uncertainty about what the population felt at that very moment in time. Even a perfect microcosm is still just a sample. C. There would be no uncertainty about what the population felt at that very moment in time. The same would be true even if you didn't have a perfect microcosm, just as long as you had a good sample.. D. There would still be uncertainty about what the population felt at that very moment in time. Even if you had a perfect microcosm. Nothing is for certain.

A

The distribution shown here represents the sampling distribution that resulted from 113 simple random samples, each of size 50, taken from a manufactured population of 250 voters. In each case the percentage of sampled voters who agreed the federal government was doing enough about the environment was recorded. About what percentage of the time did a sample proportion bigger than (or equal to) 0.27 occur? A. 92% B. 84% C. 50% D. 45%

A

What can one say about the sampling distribution of a sample statistic based on a simple random sample? A. it is about bell-shaped and peaks above the parameter B. it is usually skewed if the population concerns incomes C. it will be roughly a straight line. D. nothing can be said in advance about the sampling distribution since the sampling was random

A

What is "response substitution?" A. This is the tendency for survey respondents to present their answers in a way that allows them to express their opinions about other issues that aren't the topic of the survey B. This is the desire of the interviewee to be looked at favorably by the interviewer and, as such, will purposely conform to social norms. C. This is the threat of being stereotyped or confirming a negative stereotype. D. This is the tendency for survey respondents to substitute questions for those that are worded poorly or are hard to understand

A

Which of the following are examples of strategies for reducing non-sampling errors? A. All of those listed here B. Awareness of psychology of question order C. Use of inducements for non-responders D. Use of technology-assisted confidential interview techniques

A

You ask a question to a random sample of 1000 adults in Texas (population 18 million people) and to a separate random sample of 1000 adults in Indiana (population 5.7 million people). You make separate 95% confidence statements about the percent of all adults in each state who agree. Your margin of error for Indiana is A. the same as in Texas, because the two samples are the same size. B. larger than in Texas, because there are fewer people in Indiana. C. smaller than in Texas, because there are fewer people in Indiana. D. may be either smaller or larger than in Texas, because the sample result varies due to chance.

A

You ask a question to a random sample of 1500 adults in Texas (population 18 million people) and to a separate random sample of 500 adults in Indiana (population 5.7 million people). You make separate 95% confidence statements about the percent of all adults in each state who agree. Your margin of error for Indiana is A. larger than in Texas, because there are fewer people in the Indiana sample. B. may be either smaller or larger than in Texas, because the sample result varies due to chance. C. smaller than in Texas, because there are fewer people in the Indiana sample. D. the same as in Texas, because the two samples are in the same proportion to their respective population sizes.

A

Refer to Question 3, Exhibit 2. Suppose for a sample of size two to be "representative" of the population, it has to have exactly one man and one woman, and one Democrat and one Republican. What is the chance of selecting a simple random sample of size two from this population that is representative (in this sense of the word)? Assume your samples are (MR, MD), (MR, FR), (MR, FD), (MD,FR), (MD, FD), (FR,FD), where M stands for male, F for female, R for Republican and D for Democrat.

A. Only (MR,MD) and (MR, FD) will work B. Any of the six will work C. None of the samples of size 2 are representative ! D. Only (MR,FD), (MD,FR) will work.

A Ph.D. candidate in the College of Education once defended her misleading and confusing questionnaire by arguing that her margin of error was low, only about 3%. This argument is: A. correct, because 3% is very small and the parameter range is still very small B. confused, because the margin of error has nothing to do with biased questionnaire designs C. correct, because only about 3% of the respondents would have been affected negatively. D. confused, because margin of error does not apply outside of the sciences

B

A population has 50 items, 21 green and 29 red. Turns out there are 2118760 possible samples of size 5 that can be taken from this population. Supposed you computed the sample proportion of green in each of these 2118760 samples of size 5 and added them all up. What would you get? A. 21/50 B. 889879.2 C. 29/50 D. 1228880.8

B

Exhibit 2, Question 1: What is one explanation as to the difference between the average found in the previous semester survey (typical number, by the way) and the average that general surveys often find. A. When a student is asked how many children are in a family, the minimum will be 1, counting that student. But when a couple/parent is asked, the minimum number may be 0. The latter will have an average number of children that is more than the former. B. When a student is asked how many children are in a family, the minimum will be 1, counting that student. But when a couple/parent is asked, the minimum number may be 0. The latter will have an average number of children that is less than the former. C. When a student is asked how many children are in a family, the minimum will be 0, counting that student. But when a couple/parent is asked, the minimum number may be 1. The latter will have an average number of children that is the same as the former. D. When a student is asked how many children are in a family, the minimum will be 0, counting that student, But when a couple/parent is asked, the minimum number may be 1. The latter will have an average number of children that is less than the former.

B

Exhibit 2, Question 2. Refer to Table 2.11. About what percentage of respondents responded from the group who were contacted a second time with no additional incentives offered? A. 3.4% B. 33% C. 12% D. 63%

B

How much does the typical homework assignment (a single BN) count in this class? A. 4 points B. 5 points C. 3 points D. 2 points

B

If you want a 95% margin of error to be 1%, what will your sample size have to be? A. n = 100 B. n = 10000 C. n = 1000000 D. n = 10

B

In BN 2.20 we found that out of 594 people asked (students, researchers), 281 reported that the right way to interpret a 95% confidence interval of 0.1 to 0.4 was to say that "the probability that the true proportion is bigger than 0 is at least 95%." What is wrong with that interpretation? A. That makes it sound like the confidence interval is random. It is not. B. That makes it sound like the parameter is random. It is not. C. That makes it sound like that 0 is in the interval 0.1 to 0.4. It is not. D. That makes it sound like the sample proportion is random. It is not.

B

In BN 2.29 you studied about the role of incentives and whether they mattered. There were three Phases of that study. What was Phase II? A. In this Phase the original 1,197 subjects were given an opportunity to respond in this second round. No incentives were offered. B. In this Phase the 873 subjects who did not respond early (Phase I) were given an opportunity to respond in this second round. No incentives were offered. C. In this Phase the original 1,197 subjects were given an opportunity to respond in this second round. Half were offered an incentive and half were not. D. In this Phase the 873 subjects who did not respond early (Phase I) were given an opportunity to respond in this second round. Half were offered and incentive and half were not.

B

In a 2012 Gallup poll, eighty-two percent of adult U.S. Catholics say birth control is morally acceptable. Results for this poll are based on telephone interviews conducted May 3-6, 2012, with a random sample of 1,024 adult Catholics, aged 18 and older, living in all 50 U.S. states and the District of Columbia. What is the corresponding 95% confidence interval for the proportion of all adult U.S. Catholics who feel birth control is morally acceptable? A. 0.82 plus or minus 3% B. 82% plus or minus 3% C. 0.82 plus or minus 0.001 D. There are two correct answers listed here.

B

What is a non-sampling error? A. An error caused by the fact that something other than a sample was taken B. An error caused by something other than the fact that a sample was selected instead of the entire population. C. Error due to sampling variability D. Error due to non-sampling random fluctuation

B

Question 1, Exhibit 1: Explain how you plan to identify the cases for Research Randomizer. A. First randomize the cases based on BAC, then number the rearranged cases from 1 to 296. B. Number the 296 cases from 1 to 296. C. Number the cases from 1 to 73 (the last case number listed).. D. Group the cases based on BAC levels. This will allow you to sample some from each level.

B

Question 1, Exhibit 2 (second part): What was the actual percentage of answers in this interval? A. 52% B. 61.33% C. 59% D. 181%

B

Question 2, Exhibit 1: In what sense can a directory-assisted random-digit-dial sample be thought of as a simple random sample? A. The numbers selected are chosen at random (by a computer) from all working exchanges. So in that sense any given set of working numbers should not have the same chance of being chosen as any other set of working numbers of the same size. This uniqueness is required for a (simple) random sample. B. The numbers selected are chosen at random (by a computer) from all working exchanges. So in that sense any set of working numbers should have the same chance of being chosen as any other set of working numbers of the same size. C. The numbers selected are chosen at random (by a computer) from all working exchanges. So in that sense any set of working numbers chosen should be demographically balanced. D. The numbers selected are chosen at random (by a computer) from all working exchanges. So in that sense any set of working numbers chosen should be effectively representative of all working numbers available.

B

Question 2, Exhibit 1: Suppose a college student is selected at random. Use the empirical rule to estimate how likely it is that this student studies between 17.5 and 20 hours per week. A. 27 chances in 100 B. 13.5 chances in 100 C. 86.5 chances in 100 D. 95 chances in 100

B

Question 2, Exhibit 2 (first part): Use the empirical rule to estimate how likely it is that an answer to this question will be above 4.20. A. 5 chances in 100 B. 16 chances in 100 C. 84 chances in 100 D. 68 chances in 100

B

Question 3, Exhibit 2: Suppose that in the larger population, half of all likely voters are Democrats and half are Republicans. Now imagine that our simple random sample was comprised of 50 Democrats and 50 Republicans (instead of 80 Democrats and 20 Republicans). Re-compute the proportion of likely voters who planned to vote for Barack Obama. What is the result of that computation? A. 0.54 B. 0.45 C. 0.04 D. 0.35

B

Recall the sampling distribution of the sample proportion (page 162 in your book). Specify an interval (range) in which 68% of all sample proportions based on samples of size n could be expected to occur. A. Within (0.5)x(1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the sample proportion phat. B. Within (0.5)x(1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the parameter p. C. Within (1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the sample proportion phat. D. Within (1/sqrt(n)) on either side of the parameter p.

B

Refer to Exhibit 3, Question 1. What is the population being referred to? A. The 20 Facebook Friends chosen B. The 113 Facebook Friends mentioned C. All people who are Friends on some Facebook account

B

Refer to the graphic below. We encountered this summary of the sampling distribution of the sample proportion in class. Suppose n = 100. What are the chances of an SRS of this size yielding a phat that is somewhere between p - 0.1 and p + 0.1? A. 99.7 out of 100 B. 95 out of 100 C. 68 out of 100 D. 13.5 out of 100

B

The scores for all high school seniors taking the verbal section of the Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) in a particular year had a mean of 490 and a standard deviation of 100. The distribution of SAT scores is bell-shaped. A rather exclusive university only admits students who were among the highest 16% of the scores on this test. What minimum score would a student need on this test to be qualified for admittance to this university? A. 490 B. 590 C. 690 D. 390

B

What kind of error does the margin of error address? A. Fabrication errors B. Random sampling error C. Non-sampling error D. Non-mathematical error

B

What was the Treatment 3 average? A. 3.02 B. 3.06 C. 2.67 D. 2.16

B

Which of the following sources of error is addressed by the margin of error? A. errors in entering the data into the computer B. errors that comes from choosing a sample and not the entire population C. errors because subjects weren't truthful D. errors because some of the subjects did not understand the questions

B

2.9 What was the Treatment 1 average? A. 2.16 B. 3.06 C. 2.67 D. 3.02

C

A 1996 Gallup poll of eligible New Hampshire primary voters reported that "of 1200 voters surveyed, 24% would vote for Senator Bob Dole if the primary election were held today". The Gallup organization also reported that the margin of error for a sample of 1200 people is 3 percentage points. If the Gallup organization had wanted to make a confidence statement based on the same data, only with more confidence that the interval had captured the parameter, what do you think would happen to the margin of error? It would be A. Smaller than 3%. B. Still 3%. C. Larger than 3%. D. Essentially infinite, because less confidence is not possible with this small a sample.

C

A student in a statistics class is about to start a survey sampling project. She has 113 Facebook friends and wants to distribute a questionnaire to 20 of them. Which of the following sampling plans would be the most like a real-world simple random sample? A. Post the questionnaire on Facebook and take the 20 responses you get. No reason to believe the first 20 are not just random from the larger group. B. Post the questionnaire on Facebook and wait until you get as many of the 113 responses as you can. Then select 20 of those at random. C. Select 20 names at random from the 113 Friends and contact those 20 with the questionnaire. D. Select several different samples of size 20 names from the 113 Friends. Contact each group of 20 with the questionnair and then average the reponses you get from each of those groups.

C

Exhibit 1, Question 2: If the sample had truly been a random sample, what percentage of women would you expect to have been in the sample? A. About 34% B. About 5% C. About 50% D. About 66%

C

Exhibit 1, Question 3: Which type of error does the Harris Poll seem to be claiming is the most difficult to get a handle on? A. Sampling error B. Response Substitution C. Non-sampling error D. Margin of error

C

In BN 2.29 you studied about the role of incentives and whether they mattered. Table 2.10 (shown below) recorded the results of the Early Response incentive. What two percentages would you use to evaluate the effect of "Incentive" versus "No Incentive" on Early Response? A. 324 and 873 B. 402 and 695 C. 16% and 32% D. 50% and 25%

C

In the MOE Doesn't Apply Read All About It (or video), what was the issue with the question "Have you often, sometimes, hardly ever, or never felt bad because you were unfaithful to your wife?" A. Of the 15% who said they "never felt bad about it" surely most of them had really been unfaithful to their wives. But the way the question was asked there wasn't an option for them to say how. B. Of the 15% who said they "never felt bad about it" surely a large part of those had never been unfaithful to their wives. But the way the question was asked this wasn't an option for an answer. C. Of the 85% who said they "never felt bad about it" surely a large part of those had never been unfaithful to their wives. But the way the question was asked this wasn't an option for an answer.

C

Please read the following excerpt a 2006 CNN/USA Today/Gallup poll. Suppose CNN/USA Today/Gallup had wanted to produce a 99.9% confidence interval that had a width of 0.02 (or 2%). What size sample would they have needed to take in order for this to happen? A. 2,500 B. 6,765 C. 27,060 D. 10,000

C

Question 2, Exhibit 1: When you take this problem to Research Randomizer, what would be the values for: a) How many sets of numbers do you want to generate? b) How many numbers per set? c) Number range (e.g. 1-50)? A. a) 296; b) 1; c) 1 to 20. B. a) 20; b) 1; c) 1 to 296. C. a) 1; b) 20; c) 1 to 296. D. a) 1; b) 20; c) 1 to 73.

C

Question 2, Exhibit 2: Do you think the proportion you provided above is an underestimate or an overestimate? Why? A. Probably neither an overestimate nor an underestimate since the initial sample was a simple random sample (or equivalent to one). B. Probably an underestimate since four times as many Democrats were in the sample as Republicans. C. Probably an overestimate since four times as many Democrats were in the sample as Republicans. D. Probably an overestimate since four times as many Republicans were in the sample as Democrats.

C

Question 4 The distribution shown here represents the sampling distribution that resulted from 113 simple random samples, each of size 50, taken from a manufactured population of 250 voters. In each case the percentage of sampled voters who agreed the federal government was doing enough about the environment was recorded. About what proportion of the time did a sample percentage between 21% and 45% occur?? A. Can't tell from the figure given. B. 0.32 C. 0.88 D. 0.39

C

Recall Harris Poll disclaimer mentioned in the Read All About It (or the video). Harris is a major polling organization that refuses to accompany their poll reports with a margin of error. What is one reason that was given for such a bold omission? A. Harris recognizes that the MOE is simply too difficult to calculate, so why bother. B. Harris claims that poll participation rates are so high that the MOE doesn't add anything useful. C. Harris recognizes that there are many sources of error that are not addressed by the MOE, so reporting it might be misleading. D. Harris claims that publication sponsors simply don't want to see the MOE reported any longer.

C

The University of Kentucky has 21,441 undergraduates, with a gender distribution of 49 percent male students and 51 percent female students. You take a simple random sample of 100 undergraduates (30 males and 70 females) and ask the question "Have you ever attended a date party?" 100% of the males say "yes" and 50% of the females say "yes." If the estimate of all undergraduates who would say "yes" to this question is reweighted to reflect the distribution of males and females in the U.K. population, what would that be in this case? A. about 65% B. about 85% C. about 75% D. about 25%

C

What happens to the margin of error as the sample size gets larger? A. It increases B. It stays the same C. It decreases D. It will depend on the sample

C

What is sampling variability? A. The variability seen in parameters from sample to sample. B. The variability seen in statistics over time C. The variability seen in statistics from sample to sample D. The variability seen in parameters over time.

C

2.22 Question 1, Exhibit 1: Suppose a college student is selected at random. Use the empirical rule to estimate how likely it is that this student studies between 10 and 17.5 hours per week? A. Either the student does (probability of .5) or doesn't (probability of .5) study between 10 and 17.5 hours per week. So the chances are 1 in 2. B. Mean is 15 and standard deviation is 5. So 10 is one standard deviations below and 20, which is only a bit larger than 17.5, is one standard deviation above. From the graph then this probability is 34 + 34 = 68 chances in 100. C. Mean is 15 and standard deviation is 2.5. So 10 is two standard deviations below and 17.5 is one standard deviation above. From the graph then this probability is 100-(13.5 + 34 + 34) = 100- 81.5 = 18.5 chances in 100. D. Mean is 15 and standard deviation is 2.5. So 10 is two standard deviations below and 17.5 is one standard deviation above. From the graph then this probability is 13.5 + 34 + 34 = 81.5 chances in 100.

D

A population has 50 items, 21 green and 29 red. Turns out there are 2118760 possible samples of size 5 that can be taken from this population. If the parameter of interest is the true proportion green in the population, what is the parameter in this situation? A. 21/2118760 B. 29/2118760 C. 29/50 D. 21/50

D

BN 2.6 Exhibit 1, Question 1: Other samples of 5,000 people, asked the same question, would not produce a sample percentage of 34%. What is this kind of variability called? A. Non-sampling variability B. Non-response variability C. MOE variability D. Sampling variability

D

Exhibit 1, Question 1: Compute an 80% margin of error for the true proportion of all Americans who believe that the reform package will prohibit insurers from denying coverage to people. A. 0.05 B. 0.02 C. 0.95 D. 0.014

D

Exhibit 1, Question 2. Use data from the table to compute the percentage of those Incentivized who responded early to the survey. A. 16% B. 75% C. 5% D. 32%

D

Exhibit 2, Question 2 (second part): What was the actual percentage of answers in this interval? A. 99% B. 18% C. 68% D. 9.9%

D

Exhibit 2, Question 2 noted that for a simple random sample of size 2, all samples of size 2 have the same chance of being chosen. What would the likelihood be of choosing any one of these samples (expressed as a decimal) if there were 100 different samples of size 2? A. 0.1 B. 100.00 C. 0.0001 D. 0.01

D

Exhibit 3, Question 1. How many non-respondents remained after the Phase II attempt? A. 154 B. 227 C. 190 D. 577

D

Exhibit 3, Question 1: What might be misleading about the headline for this article? A. Title should be a little more forceful perhaps. It seems to imply abuse only at the hands of adults, but clearly there is abuse from everyone, including teachers and clergy being included. B. Title should be a little less forceful perhaps. The distinction between slapping and punching are not distinguished. C. Title seems OK. No good case can be made for changing it based on the information given. D. Title should be a little less forceful perhaps. The distinction between abuse and typical sibling treatment of each other is not made in the survey question and muddies the waters.

D

Exhibit 3, Question 2: What role does the Margin of Error play, if any, in quantifying the confusion in this exhibit? A. It puts a number to the confusion, helping us know where the parameter might be. B. It factors in the sample size, which is important in understanding the confusion. C. In the Three Stooges MOE always abused Curley, so using MOE in an abuse study is simply perfect. D. Absolutely none

D

Professors Gal and Rucker used a plot very much like the one shown on page 152 to argue that these results are "consistent with response substitution because wastefulness led to more negative perceptions of intelligence when participants did not have an opportunity to provide their attitude toward wastefulness." How does the plot support that conclusion? A. Jane was perceived as wasteful. So if her intelligence was rated before her wastefulness, then she got lower wastefulness scores. B. Jane was perceived as wasteful. So if her intelligence was rated before her wastefulness, then she got lower intelligence scores. C. Anne was perceived as wasteful. So if her intelligence was rated before her wastefulness, then she got higher intelligence scores. D. Anne was perceived as wasteful. So if her intelligence was rated before her wastefulness, then she got lower intelligence scores.

D

Question 1, Exhibit 2: What proportion of likely voters overall (Democrats and Republicans combined) planned to vote for Barack Obama? A. 0.54 B. 0.45 C. 0.04 D. 0.60

D

Robert Niles is a former mathematics geek turned journalist who is continually trying to educate other journalists about how to interpret statistical arguments. He recently noted "Don't overlook that fact that the margin of error is a 95 percent confidence interval, either. That means that for every 20 times you repeat this poll, statistics say that one time you'll get an answer that is completely off the wall." What does Niles mean by this statement? A. That the "confidence" is in a repeated sampling sense but in reality it is very difficult to actually repeat a sample without human error more than 20 times in a hundred. B. That the "confidence" is in a repeated sampling sense; and to say one gets an interval that is "right" 95% of the time, is to say one will get a "wrong" one 20% of the time.. C. That the "confidence" is in a repeated sampling sense but in reality it is very difficult to actually repeat a sample without human error more than 1 time in 20. D. That the "confidence" is in a repeated sampling sense; and to say one gets an interval that is "right" 95% of the time, is to say one will get a "wrong" one 5% of the time.

D

You are given five statements in Table 2.7. Which of those are correct statements? A. Only Statement 4 B. Only Statement 5 C. Statements 4 and 5 D. All of the statements are wrong.

D

You have enough money to interview 90 residents. Working much the way Gallup did in the 1930s you want your sample of 90 to mirror the distribution of subjects in the population exactly (at least along the lines of gender, income,and political affiliation). How many people would your sample place in the group "Male Republicans making over $80,000 per year?" If your calculation results in a partial person, leave the number as it is-don't round. A. 20 B. 40 C. 1.5 D. 6.4

D