Stage 5 Commercial Ground

(Refer to Figure 35.) GIVEN: Temperature 80°F Pressure altitude 4,000 ft Weight 2,800 lb Headwind 24 kts What is the total landing distance over a 50-foot obstacle? A: 1,125 feet. B: 1,250 feet. C: 1,325 feet.

A

(Refer to Figure 8.) With 38 gallons of fuel aboard at cruise power (55 percent), how much flight time is available with night VFR fuel reserve still remaining? View Figures A: 2 hours 34 minutes. B: 2 hours 49 minutes. C: 3 hours 18 minutes.

A

By changing the angle of attack of a wing, the pilot can control the airplane's A: lift, airspeed, and drag. B: lift, airspeed, and CG. C: lift and airspeed, but not drag.

A

Calibrated airspeed is best described as indicated airspeed corrected for A: installation and instrument error. B: instrument error. C: non-standard temperature.

A

Detonation may occur at high-power settings when A: the fuel mixture ignites instantaneously instead of burning progressively and evenly. B: an excessively rich fuel mixture causes an explosive gain in power. C: the fuel mixture is ignited too early by hot carbon deposits in the cylinder.

A

For takeoff, the blade angle of a controllable-pitch propeller should be set at a A: small angle of attack and high RPM. B: large angle of attack and low RPM. C: large angle of attack and high RPM.

A

If fuel consumption is 80 pounds per hour and groundspeed is 180 knots, how much fuel is required for an airplane to travel 460 NM? A: 205 pounds. B: 212 pounds. C: 460 pounds.

A

Propeller efficiency is the A: ratio of thrust horsepower to brake horsepower. B: actual distance a propeller advances in one revolution. C: ratio of geometric pitch to effective pitch.

A

The mixture control can be adjusted, which A: prevents the fuel/air combination from becoming too rich at higher altitudes. B: regulates the amount of air flow through the carburetor's venturi. C: prevents the fuel/air combination from becoming lean as the airplane climbs.

A

The performance tables of an aircraft for takeoff and climb are based on A: pressure/density altitude. B: cabin altitude. C: true altitude.

A

To best determine observed weather conditions between weather reporting stations, the pilot should refer to A: pilot reports. B: Area Forecasts. C: prognostic charts.

A

To produce the same lift while in ground effect as when out of ground effect, the airplane requires A: a lower angle of attack. B: the same angle of attack. C: a greater angle of attack.

A

Weather Advisory Broadcasts, including Severe Weather Forecast Alerts (AWW), SIGMETs, and Convective SIGMETs are provided by A: ARTCCs on all frequencies, except emergency, when any part of the area described is within 150 miles of the airspace under their jurisdiction. B: Flight Service on 122.2 MHz and adjacent VORs, when any part of the area described is within 200 miles of the airspace under their jurisdiction. C: selected low-frequency and/or VOR navigational aids.

A

What flight planning information can a pilot derive from Constant Pressure Analysis Charts? A: Winds and temperatures aloft. B: Clear air turbulence and icing conditions. C: Frontal systems and obstructions to vision aloft.

A

What is a consideration when using a hand-held GPS for VFR navigation? A: Position accuracy may degrade without notification. B: RAIM capability will be maintained for entire flight. C: Waypoints will still be accurate even if database is not current.

A

What procedure could a pilot use to navigate under VFR from one point to another when ground references are not visible? A: Dead reckoning. B: Pilotage. C: VFR is not allowed in these circumstances.

A

What single reference contains information regarding a volcanic eruption, that is occurring or expected to occur? A: In-Flight Weather Advisories. B: Terminal Area Forecasts (TAF). C: Weather Depiction Chart.

A

When computing weight and balance, the basic empty weight includes the weight of the airframe, engine(s), and all installed optional equipment. Basic empty weight also includes A: the unusable fuel, full operating fluids, and full oil. B: all usable fuel, full oil, hydraulic fluid, but does not include the weight of pilot, passengers, or baggage. C: all usable fuel and oil, but does not include any radio equipment or instruments that were installed by someone other than the manufacturer.

A

When departing from a runway that is covered with snow or slush, what can a pilot do to prevent damage to the landing gear due to the conditions? A: Do not retract the landing gear immediately to allow the gear to air-dry. B: Immediately retract the landing gear so it can be heated in the gear wells. C: Fly at a speed above the green arc of the airspeed indicator can remove the snow and slush.

A

When turbulence is encountered during the approach to a landing, what action is recommended and for what primary reason? A: Increase the airspeed slightly above normal approach speed to attain more positive control. B: Decrease the airspeed slightly below normal approach speed to avoid overstressing the airplane. C: Increase the airspeed slightly above normal approach speed to penetrate the turbulence as quickly as possible.

A

Which is correct with respect to rate and radius of turn for an airplane flown in a coordinated turn at a constant altitude? A: For a specific angle of bank and airspeed, the rate and radius of turn will not vary. B: To maintain a steady rate of turn, the angle of bank must be increased as the airspeed is decreased. C: The faster the true airspeed, the faster the rate and larger the radius of turn regardless of the angle of bank.

A

Which is true regarding preheating an aircraft during cold weather operations? A: The cabin area as well as the engine should be preheated. B: The cabin area should not be preheated with portable heaters. C: Hot air should be blown directly at the engine through the air intakes.

A

Why is it necessary to increase back elevator pressure to maintain altitude during a turn? To compensate for the A: loss of the vertical component of lift. B: loss of the horizontal component of lift and the increase in centrifugal force. C: rudder deflection and slight opposite aileron throughout the turn.

A

(Refer to Figure 33.) GIVEN: Weight 4,000 lb Pressure altitude 5,000 ft Temperature 30°C What is the maximum rate of climb under the given conditions? A: 655 ft/min. B: 702 ft/min. C: 774 ft/min.

B

(Refer to Figure 8.) Determine the amount of fuel consumed during takeoff and climb at 70 percent power for 10 minutes. A: 2.66 gallons. B: 2.88 gallons. C: 3.2 gallons.

B

A pilot is entering an area where significant clear air turbulence has been reported. Which action is appropriate upon encountering the first ripple? A: Maintain altitude and airspeed. B: Adjust airspeed to that recommended for rough air. C: Enter a shallow climb or descent at maneuvering speed.

B

A pilot reporting turbulence that momentarily causes slight, erratic changes in altitude and/or attitude should report it as A: light chop. B: light turbulence. C: moderate turbulence.

B

An abnormally high engine oil temperature indication may be caused by A: a defective bearing. B: the oil level being too low. C: operating with an excessively rich mixture.

B

As air temperature increases, density altitude will A: decrease. B: increase. C: remain the same.

B

For night flying operations, the best night vision is achieved when the A: pupils of the eyes have become dilated in approximately 10 minutes. B: rods in the eyes have become adjusted to the darkness in approximately 30 minutes. C: cones in the eyes have become adjusted to the darkness in approximately 5 minutes.

B

Fuel/air ratio is the ratio between the A: volume of fuel and volume of air entering the cylinder. B: weight of fuel and weight of air entering the cylinder. C: weight of fuel and weight of air entering the carburetor.

B

Hatching on a Constant Pressure Analysis Chart indicates A: hurricane eye. B: windspeed 70 knots to 110 knots. C: windspeed 110 knots to 150 knots.

B

If all index units are positive when computing weight and balance, the location of the datum would be at the A: centerline of the main wheels. B: nose, or out in front of the airplane. C: centerline of the nose or tailwheel, depending on the type of airplane.

B

If severe turbulence is encountered during flight, the pilot should reduce the airspeed to A: minimum control speed. B: design-maneuvering speed. C: maximum structural cruising speed.

B

In aircraft equipped with constant-speed propellers and normally-aspirated engines, which procedure should be used to avoid placing undue stress on the engine components? When power is being A: decreased, reduce the RPM before reducing the manifold pressure. B: increased, increase the RPM before increasing the manifold pressure. C: increased or decreased, the RPM should be adjusted before the manifold pressure.

B

The minimum vertical wind shear value critical for probable moderate or greater turbulence is A: 4 knots per 1,000 feet. B: 6 knots per 1,000 feet. C: 8 knots per 1,000 feet.

B

The need to slow an aircraft below V(A) is brought about by the following weather phenomenon: A: High density altitude which increases the indicated stall speed. B: Turbulence which causes an increase in stall speed. C: Turbulence which causes a decrease in stall speed.

B

The station originating the following METAR observation has a field elevation of 3,500 feet MSL. If the sky cover is one continuous layer, what is the thickness of the cloud layer? (Top of overcast reported at 7,500 feet MSL).METAR KHOB 151250Z 17006KT 4SM OVC005 13/11 A2998 A: 2,500 feet. B: 3,500 feet. C: 4,000 feet.

B

To develop maximum power and thrust, a constant-speed propeller should be set to a blade angle that will produce a A: large angle of attack and low RPM. B: small angle of attack and high RPM. C: large angle of attack and high RPM.

B

To maintain altitude during a turn, the angle of attack must be increased to compensate for the decrease in the A: forces opposing the resultant component of drag. B: vertical component of lift. C: horizontal component of lift.

B

What is meant by the Special METAR weather observation for KBOI?SPECI KBOI 091854Z 32005KT 1 1/2SM RA BR OVC007 17/16 A2990 RMK RAB12 A: Rain and fog obscuring two-tenths of the sky; rain began at 1912Z. B: Rain and mist obstructing visibility; rain began at 1812Z. C: Rain and overcast at 1200 feet AGL.

B

What is the meaning of the terms PROB40 2102 +TSRA as used in a Terminal Aerodrome Forecasts (TAF)? A: Probability of heavy thunderstorms with rain showers below 4000 feet at time 2102. B: Between 2100Z and 0200Z there is a forty percent (40%) probability of thunderstorms with heavy rain. C: Beginning at 2102Z forty percent (40%) probability of heavy thunderstorms and rain showers.

B

What performance is characteristic of flight at maximum lift/drag ratio in a propeller-driven airplane? Maximum A: gain in altitude over a given distance. B: range and maximum distance glide. C: coefficient of lift and minimum coefficient of drag.

B

What significant cloud coverage is reported by this pilot report? KMOB UA/OV 15NW MOB 1340Z/SK OVC-TOP025 / OVC045-TOP090 A: Three (3) separate overcast layers exist with bases at 250, 7,500 and 9,000 feet. B: The top of the lower overcast is 2,500 feet; base and top of second overcast layer is 4,500 and 9,000 feet, respectively. C: The base of the second overcast layer is 2,500 feet; top of second overcast layer is 7,500 feet; base of third layer is 9,000 feet.

B

What weather phenomenon is implied within an area enclosed by small scalloped lines on a U.S. High-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart? A: Cirriform clouds, light to moderate turbulence, and icing. B: Cumulonimbus clouds, icing, and moderate or greater turbulence. C: Cumuliform or standing lenticular clouds, moderate to severe turbulence, and icing.

B

Which is true regarding the use of flaps during level turns? A: The lowering of flaps increases the stall speed. B: The raising of flaps increases the stall speed. C: Raising flaps will require added forward pressure on the yoke or stick.

B

Which statement is true about magnetic deviation of a compass? Deviation A: varies over time as the agonic line shifts. B: varies for different headings of the same aircraft. C: is the same for all aircraft in the same locality.

B

(Refer to Figure 14.) GIVEN: Aircraft Weight 3,400 lb Airport pressure altitude 4,000 ft Temperature at 4,000 feet 14°C Using a normal climb under the given conditions, how much time would be required to climb to a pressure altitude of 8,000 feet? A: 4.8 minutes. B: 5 minutes. C: 5.5 minutes.

C

(Refer to Figure 14.) GIVEN: Aircraft weight 3,700 lb Airport pressure altitude 4,000 ft Temperature at 4,000 feet 21°C Using a normal climb under the given conditions, how much fuel would be used from engine start to a pressure altitude of 12,000 feet? A: 30 pounds. B: 37 pounds. C: 46 pounds.

C

(Refer to Figure 2.) Select the correct statement regarding stall speeds. A: Power-off stalls occur at higher airspeeds with the gear and flaps down. B: In a 60° bank the airplane stalls at a lower airspeed with the gear up. C: Power-on stalls occur at lower airspeeds in shallower banks.

C

(Refer to Figure 33.) GIVEN: Weight 3,700 lb Pressure altitude 22,000 ft Temperature -10°C What is the maximum rate of climb under the given conditions? A: 305 ft/min. B: 320 ft/min. C: 384 ft/min.

C

An aircraft airfoil is designed to produce lift resulting from a difference in the A: negative air pressure below and a vacuum above the airfoil's surface. B: vacuum below the airfoil's surface and greater air pressure above the airfoil's surface. C: higher air pressure below the airfoil's surface and lower air pressure above the airfoil's surface.

C

An airplane descends to an airport under the following conditions: Cruising altitude 10,500 ft Airport elevation 1,700 ft Descends to 1,000 ft AGL Rate of descent 600 ft/min Average true airspeed 135 kts True course 263° Average wind velocity 330° at 30 kts Variation 7° E Deviation +3° Average fuel consumption 11.5 gal/hr Determine the approximate time, compass heading, distance, and fuel consumed during the descent. A: 9 minutes, 274°, 26 NM, 2.8 gallons. B: 13 minutes, 274°, 28 NM, 2.5 gallons. C: 13 minutes, 271°, 26 NM, 2.5 gallons.

C

An airplane is located at an airport with an elevation of 5,000 feet MSL and a temperature of 90 degrees F. The altimeter is set to airport elevation. Later that night the temperature plummets to 50 degrees F. Unless the altimeter setting is changed, it will read A: 4,800 feet. B: 5,000 feet. C: 5,200 feet.

C

Applying carburetor heat will A: not affect the mixture. B: lean the fuel/air mixture. C: enrich the fuel/air mixture.

C

Detonation occurs in a reciprocating aircraft engine when A: there is an explosive increase of fuel caused by too rich a fuel/air mixture. B: the spark plugs receive an electrical jolt caused by a short in the wiring. C: the unburned fuel/air charge in the cylinders is subjected to instantaneous combustion.

C

From which of the following can the observed temperature, wind, and temperature/ dewpoint spread be determined at a specified altitude? A: Stability Charts. B: Winds Aloft Forecasts. C: Constant Pressure Analysis Charts.

C

If an airplane is consuming 12.5 gallons of fuel per hour at a cruising altitude of 8,500 feet and the groundspeed is 145 knots, how much fuel is required to travel 435 NM? A: 27 gallons. B: 34 gallons. C: 38 gallons.

C

If the ground wire between the magneto and the ignition switch becomes disconnected, the engine A: will not operate on one magneto. B: cannot be started with the switch in the BOTH position. C: could accidentally start if the propeller is moved with fuel in the cylinder.

C

In theory, if the airspeed of an aircraft in level flight is cut in half while in level flight, parasite drag will become A: one-third as much. B: one-half as much. C: one-fourth as much.

C

In theory, if the airspeed of an airplane is doubled while in level flight, parasite drag will become A: twice as great. B: half as great. C: four times greater.

C

Name the four fundamentals involved in maneuvering an aircraft. A: Power, pitch, bank, and trim. B: Thrust, lift, turns, and glides. C: Straight-and-level flight, turns, climbs, and descents.

C

The U.S. High-Level Significant Weather Prognostic Chart forecasts significant weather for what airspace? A: 18,000 feet to 45,000 feet. B: 24,000 feet to 45,000 feet. C: 24,000 feet to 63,000 feet.

C

The angle of attack of a wing directly controls the A: angle of incidence of the wing. B: amount of airflow above and below the wing. C: distribution of pressures acting on the wing.

C

The most probable reason an engine continues to run after the ignition switch has been turned off is A: carbon deposits glowing on the spark plugs. B: a magneto ground wire is in contact with the engine casing. C: a broken magneto ground wire.

C

The remarks section of the Aviation Routine Weather Report (METAR) contains the following coded information. What does it mean?RMK FZDZB42 WSHFT 30 FROPA A: Freezing drizzle with cloud bases below 4,200 feet. B: Freezing drizzle below 4,200 feet and wind shear. C: Wind shift at three zero due to frontal passage.

C

The uncontrolled firing of the fuel/air charge in advance of normal spark ignition is known as A: instantaneous combustion. B: detonation. C: pre-ignition.

C

To generate the same amount of lift as altitude is increased, an airplane must be flown at A: the same true airspeed regardless of angle of attack. B: a lower true airspeed and a greater angle of attack. C: a higher true airspeed for any given angle of attack.

C

To increase the rate of turn and at the same time decrease the radius, a pilot should A: maintain the bank and decrease airspeed. B: increase the bank and increase airspeed. C: increase the bank and decrease airspeed.

C

True airspeed is best described as calibrated airspeed corrected for A: installation or instrument error. B: non-standard temperature. C: altitude and non-standard temperature.

C

Unless adjusted, the fuel/air mixture becomes richer with an increase in altitude because the amount of fuel A: decreases while the volume of air decreases. B: remains constant while the volume of air decreases. C: remains constant while the density of air decreases.

C

What does the contraction VRB in the Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) mean? A: Wind speed is variable throughout the period. B: Cloud base is variable. C: Wind direction is variable.

C

What is the bottom of the lowest overcast layer in the following pilot report? KMOB UA /OV APE230010/TM 1515/FL085/TP BE20/SK BKN065/WX FV03SM HZ FU/TQ 20/TB LGT A: There is not a defined ceiling in this report. B: There is a layer reported at 8,500 feet. C: There is a broken layer at 6,500 feet.

C

What type of Inflight Weather Advisories provides an en route pilot with information regarding the possibility of moderate icing, moderate turbulence, winds of 30 knots or more at the surface and extensive mountain obscurement? A: Convective SIGMETs and SIGMETs. B: Severe Weather Forecast Alerts (AWW) and SIGMETs. C: AIRMETs and Center Weather Advisories (CWA).

C

What will occur if no leaning is made with the mixture control as the flight altitude increases? A: The volume of air entering the carburetor decreases and the amount of fuel decreases. B: The density of air entering the carburetor decreases and the amount of fuel increases. C: The density of air entering the carburetor decreases and the amount of fuel remains constant.

C

What wind conditions would you anticipate when squalls are reported at your destination? A: Rapid variations in windspeed of 15 knots or more between peaks and lulls. B: Peak gusts of at least 35 knots combined with a change in wind direction of 30° or more. C: Sudden increases in windspeed of at least 16 knots to a sustained speed of 22 knots or more for at least 1 minute.

C

When planning a night cross-country flight, a pilot should check for the availability and status of A: all VORs to be used en route. B: airport rotating light beacons. C: destination airport lighting systems.

C

When turbulence causes changes in altitude and/or attitude, but aircraft control remains positive, that should be reported as A: light. B: severe. C: moderate.

C

Which is true regarding the forces acting on an aircraft in a steady-state descent? The sum of all A: upward forces is less than the sum of all downward forces. B: rearward forces is greater than the sum of all forward forces. C: forward forces is equal to the sum of all rearward forces.

C

Which statement pertaining to the following Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAF) is true?TAFKMEM 091135Z 0915 15005KT 5SM HZ BKN060FM1600 VRB04KT P6SM SKC A: Wind in the valid period implies surface winds are forecast to be greater than 5 KTS. B: Wind direction is from 160° at 4 KTS and reported visibility is 6 statute miles. C: SKC in the valid period indicates no significant weather and sky clear.

C

With regard to the technique required for a crosswind correction on takeoff, a pilot should use A: aileron pressure into the wind and initiate the lift-off at a normal airspeed in both tailwheel and nosewheel-type airplanes. B: right rudder pressure, aileron pressure into the wind, and higher than normal lift-off airspeed in both tricycle- and conventional-gear airplanes. C: rudder as required to maintain directional control, aileron pressure into the wind, and higher than normal lift-off airspeed in both conventional- and nosewheel-type airplanes.

C