Stuart Biology Chapter 3

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Example of a prokaryotic cell

Bacteria

The smallest unit of life

Cell

The structure that regulates what enters and exits the cell.

Cell membrane

The protein that most of the food and waste materials pass through in a cell.

Channel protein

Organelles associated with photosynthesis

Chloroplasts

Short, hairlike structures that protrude from cells, and allow for movement.

Cilia

The function of the cell membrane

Control what goes in and out of the cell.

The organelle that helps maintain homeostasis by moving substances from one part of the cell to another.

Endoplasmic reticulum

All living things that are not bacteria are eukaryotes.

False

Most living prokaryotes are multicellular protists.

False

The cell membrane contains DNA.

False

The cells of animals are prokaryotic.

False

The only difference between a plant cell and an animal cell is that plant cells have chloroplasts.

False

Two different structures that all cells have are a cell membrane and a cell wall.

False

The packaging and distributing center of a cell

Golgi apparatus

Mitochondria's function in a cell

Make energy

Characteristic of prokaryotes

No nucleus evolved before eukaryotes

The double membrane surrounding the nucleus.

Nuclear envelope

One difference between eukaryotes and prokaryotes. Prokaryotes don't have this.

Nucleus

The structure that identifies a cell as a eukaryote

Nucleus

Where chromosomes are found in eukaryotic cells

Nucleus

A structure within a eukaryotic cell that performs a specific function.

Organelle

Eukaryotic cells have membrane-bound _____.

Organelles

The type of molecule that forms a lipid bilayer within the cell membrane.

Phospholipid

Proteins are made on these

Ribosomes

When the volume area of a cell increases, it's surface area increases at the _______ rate.

Slower

The function most effectively, a cell must be...

Small

The way chloroplasts are similar to mitochondria

They both contain DNA

Most of a cell's ATP is produced in the cell's mitochondria.

True

Organelles enable eukaryotic cells to carry out specialized functions.

True

Robert Hooke observed cork cells under a microscope.

True

The large membrane-bound space in which water, waste products, and nutrients can be stored. Found in plant cells.

Vacuole


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