Student question Bank chapter 17: Textbook Clinical chemistry Principles, Techniques, and Correlations 7th edition

9. In the circulatory system, bicarbonate leaves the red blood cells and enters the plasma through an exchange mechanism with ______ to maintain electroneutrality. a. Chloride b. Carbonic acid c. Lactate d. Sodium c. Lactate d. Sodium

a. Chloride

7. A patient's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.37; pCO2, 75 mm Hg; HCO3-, 37 mmol/L. These values are consistent with a. Compensated respiratory acidosis b. Compensated nonrespiratory acidosis c. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis d. Uncompensated nonrespiratory alkalosis

a. Compensated respiratory acidosis

4. The kidneys compensate for respiratory alkalo- sis by (excretion, retention) of bicarbonate and (increased, decreased) excretion of NaH2PO4. a. Excretion, decreased b. Excretion, increased c. Retention, increased d. Retention, decreased

a. Excretion, decreased

12. Carbonic acid concentration in blood plasma equals a. 0.0307 mmol/L/mm Hg times the pCO2 value in mm Hg b. Apparent pKa of carbonic acid, 6.1, plus the pCO2 value in mm Hg - c. pCO2 value in mm Hg plus HCO3 value in mmHg d. Bicarbonate concentration divided by the pCO2 value in mm Hg

a. 0.0307 mmol/L/mm Hg times the pCO2 value in mm Hg

11. The hemoglobin oxygen binding capacity for a blood sample that is 100% saturated with O2 and has a total hemoglobin value of 12 g/dL is approximately. a. 17 mL O2/dL b. 4 mL O2/dL c. 8 mL O2/dL d. 34 mL O2/dL

a. 17 mL O2/dL

5. The normal ratio of carbonic acid to bicarbonate in arterial blood is a. 1:20 b. 7.4:6.1 c. 0.003:1.39 d. 20:1

a. 1:20

3. At a pH of 7.10, the H+ concentration is equal to a. 80 nmol/L b. 20 nmol/L c. 40 nmol/L d. 60 nmol/L

a. 80 nmol/L

1. The presence of dyshemoglobins will cause a calculated % SO2 result to be falsely (elevated, decreased) and a pulse oximeter % SpO2 value to be falsely (elevated, decreased). a. Elevated, elevated b. Decreased, decreased c. Elevated, decreased d. Decreased, elevated

a. Elevated, elevated

2. The anticoagulant of choice for arterial blood gas measurements is ______ in the ______ state. a. Lithium heparin; dry b. EDTA; dry c. Potassium oxalate; liquid d. Sodium citrate; dry

a. Lithium heparin; dry

10. Hypoventilation can compensate for a. Nonrespiratory acidosis b. Mixed alkalosis c. Mixed acidosis d. Nonrespiratory alkalosis

a. Nonrespiratory acidosis

6. When arterial blood from a normal patient is exposed to room air: a. pCO2 increases; pO2 decreases b. pCO2 decreases; pO2 increases c. pCO2 decreases; pO2 decreases d. pCO2 increases; pO2 increases

a. pCO2 increases; pO2 decreases

13.Oxygen content in blood reflects a. pO2 value b. O2Hb only c. O2 dissolved in blood plasma only d. The patient's total hemoglobin value e. All of these

d. The patient's total hemoglobin value

8. A patient's arterial blood gas results are as follows: pH 7.48; pCO2, 54 mm Hg; HCO3-, 38 mmol/L. These values are consistent with a. Compensated nonrespiratory alkalosis b. Compensated respiratory alkalosis c. Uncompensated respiratory alkalosis d. Uncompensated nonrespiratory alkalosis

d. Uncompensated nonrespiratory alkalosis