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What was King George III's response to the Olive Branch Petition drafted by the Second Continental Congress? He declared the colonies to be in rebellion. He turned it over to the British press, hoping to arouse public sentiment for war. He revised it and sent it back to them to be ratified and signed. He resorted to the French to send reinforcements to quell the rebellion. He declared war on the colonies and demanded reparations for the Boston Tea Party.

He declared the colonies to be in rebellion.

The Ohio territory was at the center of which war?

French and Indian War

Which colonies were founded on the idea of feeling religious persecution in England?

Massachusetts and Maryland

Why was it difficult for the Dutch to establish a settlement in the New World?

No compelling societal friction

Why did many of the puritans come to be in New England?

Persecuted as a result of political change in England

The first great awakening emphasized the following:

Personal, transformative relationship with the divine

How did the English settlers who founded Jamestown plan to become rich?

Prospecting for gold

What was the outcome for the Articles of Confederation that the 1787 Constitutional Convention convened to discuss? The Articles of Confederation were revised and the U. S. Constitution was incorporated into them. The Articles of Confederation were mandatorily incorporated into the new state constitutions. The Convention chose to abandon the Articles of Confederation in order to draft a Constitution. The revision of the Articles of Confederation fell to James Madison who refused to complete it in protest.

The Convention chose to abandon the Articles of Confederation in order to draft a Constitution.

Why is the Siege of Vicksburg considered a turning point in the Civil War?

Union victory, split the confederacy in two

The debate about whether or not slavery should be allowed in the Western territories took place: During the Reconstruction period. Up through the 1850s. In Congress and was included in the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo. In 1862 anticipation of the Emancipation Proclamation. After Virginia seceded from the Union in 1860.

Up through the 1850s.

During the antebellum period, racism in the Northern U.S. _____ was still a part of everyday life. largely ceased to exist in everyday life. was on the rise in everyday life. greatly decreased as part of everyday life.

was still a part of everyday life.

Following the Civil War when former Confederates leaders were once again allowed to serve in Congress the Radical Republicans _____ refused to grant them the right to vote on legislation or to sit on committees. conspired to block any legislation that former Confederates proposed. walked out of any proceedings in which a Southern congressman took the floor to address the assembly. would not officially seat them or even acknowledge them as members of Congress.

would not officially seat them or even acknowledge them as members of Congress.

Which of the precedent-setting cases tried before by the Supreme Court under Chief Justice John Marshall upheld the authority of federal law over state law? 'Marbury v. Madison' 'Fletcher v. Peck' 'McCulloch v. Maryland' 'Plessey v. Ferguson'

'Fletcher v. Peck'

In what way did Zinn's work challenge a nationalists view of history?

Allowed for criticism of major war heroes

The Siege of Vicksburg: isolated Texas and the New Mexico territory from the rest of the Confederacy. gave General Lee the momentum he needed to launch an invasion of the North. was the deadliest campaign of the war. cost the Confederacy their second in command.

isolated Texas and the New Mexico territory from the rest of the Confederacy

One of the successes of the Articles of Confederation was that: It managed to organize the territories to prepare them for becoming states. It was able to fully finance the war effort through the taxes levied upon the territories. It got the states to agree upon the structure for the new government. It accomplished the long-desired task of unifying the territories under a strong central government.

It managed to organize the territories to prepare them for becoming states.

What was the importance of the Battle of Yorktown? The bloodiest battle of the Revolution, the Battle of Yorktown led to the British capture of Fort Ticonderoga. It was the final battle of the American Revolution that led to the surrender of British General Cornwallis. It was the opening battle of the American Revolution from which sounded out the 'shot heard 'round the world.' It was the first battle of the American Revolutionary War that was fought with full French participation. It was the key battle that led to the decisive victories for American forces at Lexington and Concord.

It was the final battle of the American Revolution that led to the surrender of British General Cornwallis

What did The Second Great Awakening, the rise of reform movements, and the development of a market economy all have in common? They were roundly rejected by ordinary citizens as extreme and burdensome to everyday life. They all contributed to the standardization of grade-school textbooks and curricula. They had a fundamental impact on new thinking about education. They were key elements in changing the political landscape in presidential politics.

They had a fundamental impact on new thinking about education.

During the first 25 years of the 19th Century, what was the lasting impact of the Marshall Court? None of these answers are correct. The reduction of executive authority under Jefferson, Madison, and Monroe The permanent weakening of the legislative branch The lasting expansion of the power of the federal government over state governments

The lasting expansion of the power of the federal government over state governments

What power did the U.S. Constitution give to the president that was unique to that office? The Head of the Joint Chiefs of Staff The power to re-write existing law by executive authority The power to veto or approve a newly created law The power to declare war The power to adjudicate the constitutionality of existing law

The power to veto or approve a newly created law

The federal government's bicameral legislature with one house based on population and one house with equal representation for each state: Was outlined in the Articles of Confederation and mirrored in all of the state legislatures under their own constitutions. Was arrived at by the Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention of 1787. Was foreshadowed by the Mayflower Compact that first established rule by democratic means. Was outlined by Thomas Payne's Treatise on Enlightened Government and John Locke's Age of Reason.

Was arrived at by the Great Compromise of the Constitutional Convention of 1787.

The Monroe Doctrine announced to European nations that the United States: Was a sovereign nation that would not allow European hegemony to continue. Would not tolerate their seeking to establish centers of power in the Western Hemisphere. Would not allow their political interference within the borders of the USA and its Western territories. Would not participate in European affairs unless provoked.

Would not tolerate their seeking to establish centers of power in the Western Hemisphere.

The primary role of foreign navies in the Revolutionary War was to _____ launch a successful invasion of England and several colonies. donate ships of the line to help America achieve naval superiority. blockade England to turn public opinion against the war. bombard American cities that were under British control. divert British resources and attention away from the colonies.

divert British resources and attention away from the colonies.

The Articles of Confederation created a unicameral legislature in which... Each state received one vote. Only states that had their own constitutions could vote. Slave states were excluded from participation. The number of representatives was based on state population.

Each state received one vote.

The best role of American women during and after the Revolutionary War was seen as that of: Participating in militia to help bear arms against tyranny. Campaigning to prohibit the production of alcohol and strong drink. Instilling in their children the values of the republic. Fighting to preserve the union of the colonies. Caring for wounded warriors and providing homes for children orphaned by the war.

Instilling in their children the values of the republic

Why did the glorious revolution impact the colonies?

It forces James II to flee the country and Mary and Williams to take the throne. Allowed for a looser policy towards the colonies and disposal of royal governors

Which oppositional party of political adversaries would have most likely accused Andrew Jackson of being too powerful and acting like a king? The Whig Party American Libertarian Party The Republican Party The Know Nothing Party

The Whig Party

According to the Articles of Confederation, one important task of the central government was... To conscript citizens to fight in the war. To be in charge of the Revolutionary War effort. To collect taxes. To coordinate the writing of the state constitutions.

To be in charge of the Revolutionary War effort.

The Gadsden Purchase in 1853 is the completion of the so called 'lower 48' with the purchase of a strip of land at the southern border of the New Mexico territory for $10 million during the presidency of _____ . James Gadsen Franklin Pierce Millard Fillmore Jefferson Davis

Franklin Pierce

British prime minister responsible for implementing taxes on the colonies after the French and Indian War?

George Grenville

Which is correct of George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards?

George Whitefield: preached outside after being denied a pulpit Jonathan Edwards: started the first Great Awakening

What was an unintended consequence of the Embargo of 1807? Immigrants could not work in the new American factories. America had to produce goods it could no longer import. European technology like the power loom could not be purchased. Enslaved people could not be imported into the US from Africa. Capital was shifted from commerce into manufacturing.

Capital was shifted from commerce into manufacturing.

Why did the British king approve James Oglethorpe's charter to found the colony of Georgia

Georgia would be a buffer preventing Spanish attacks from Florida

Why did Jefferson have such great admiration for the small, self-sufficient farmers he called yeoman farmers? He saw them as a buffer against religious persecution and counted upon their political clout. He saw them as a powerful voting block for promoting Virginia's interests within the Republic. He saw them as the ideal citizens as far as a functioning democracy goes. He saw them as a way out of the need for slavery and a solution to the farming crisis.

He saw them as the ideal citizens as far as a functioning democracy goes.

Conquering Spaniards set up a complex social and economic system called the hacienda and encomienda. How did these two systems work together? Spaniards were given land (hacienda) and workers who lived on the hacienda (encomienda). Spaniards were given tax-free (encomienda) royalty status (hacienda) for ten years. The Spaniards were the patron of the encomienda, making them royalty. The encomienda provides the land for the hacienda, or the owner of the land.

Spaniards were given land (hacienda) and workers who lived on the hacienda (encomienda).

Which branch of government is specifically tasked with interpreting the law and upholding the Constitution?

The Judicial Branch

Ralph Waldo Emerson and Henry David Thoreau made great use of nature and the concept of self-reliance in their writings. They belonged to a uniquely American school of philosophy known as _____ Transcendentalism Utopianism Modernism Romanticism

Transcendentalism

The contested Republican convention of 1860 nominated this man, who then went on to win the presidential elections that same year. James Buchannan Rutherford B. Hayes William Seward Andrew Johnson Abraham Lincoln

Abraham Lincoln

How did the divisive subject of the abolition of slavery fit into the Declaration of Independence? It was included as an optional proviso so that each colony's rights could be preserved and protected. It was dealt with from a theological position that declared slavery to be allowable and acceptable under the proper circumstances. By design it did not figure into the Declaration of Independence to avoid unnecessary friction between the colonies. It was inserted into the Grievances section of the Declaration and then later removed to satisfy the Virginia contingent.

By design it did not figure into the Declaration of Independence to avoid unnecessary friction between the colonies.

Which of the following statements about Sherman's March to the Sea is correct? Sherman's army ended the campaign by laying siege to Atlanta and setting the city on fire. Sherman's army engaged in guerilla war tactics, which allowed them to easily defeat the Confederate troops they encountered. Sherman's strategy of total war so enraged white Southerners that they formed the Ku Klux Klan, a secret military organization, to counter Union tactics. Sherman's army razed the Georgia countryside in an effort to undermine Southern morale.

Sherman's army razed the Georgia countryside in an effort to undermine Southern morale.

The British attempt to raid a weapons arsenal belonging to the Massachusetts militia led to: The Boston Tea Party in 1773 The Battle of Fort Ticonderoga in 1775 The Battle of Bunker Hill in June of 1775 The 1775 battles of Lexington and Concord

The 1775 battles of Lexington and Concord

France formally allied itself with the Americans and declared war on Britain following which event? The ratification of the Treaty of Versailles Washington's crossing of the Rubicon The Battle of Saratoga The signing of the Articles of Confederation The Battle of Lexington and Concord

The Battle of Saratoga

What changes did the U.S. Constitution make in the role of the federal government? The Constitution increased the authority of the federal government, allowing it to fully carry out its leadership role within the Union. The Constitution declared previous state constitutions to be null and void and added reinforcements to the state militias. The U.S. Constitution subordinated federal authority in favor of increasing states' rights. The Constitution did not significantly alter the role of the central government in relation to the former Articles of Confederation.

The Constitution increased the authority of the federal government, allowing it to fully carry out its leadership role within the Union.

During the first half of the 19th century, what influenced the American way of thinking? More avenues of service to the country opening up Better access to liberal arts educations The market revolution, which focused their attention on ideas such as profit and cost A love for nature that led them to reject modern technology and cling to an agrarian way of life The changing political climate concentrating power in the hands of the federal government

The market revolution, which focused their attention on ideas such as profit and cost

What resulted from the Pilgrims' landing at a site outside their London Company charter? The writing of the Mayflower Compact, the first North American document to establish consent of the governed as the basis for their laws None of the answers are correct. The founding of the colony of Roanoke Bacon's Rebellion, a slave revolt

The writing of the Mayflower Compact, the first North American document to establish consent of the governed as the basis for their laws

The political campaigns of 1876 boiled down to which of the following positions or assertions held by the opposing parties? The Democrats insisted on a federal investigation of electoral fraud, while the Republicans waved the 'bloody shirt.' The Democrats supported Andrew Johnson, while the Republicans campaigned for South Carolinian Wade Hampton. The Democrats advocated ending Reconstruction, while the Republicans claimed the Democrats were essentially still rebels and shouldn't be trusted. The Democrats accused the Republicans of discrimination, while the Republicans called the Democrats scalawags and carpetbaggers.

The Democrats advocated ending Reconstruction, while the Republicans claimed the Democrats were essentially still rebels and shouldn't be trusted.

What correctly describes land-grant institutions? As the Western Territories opened up, government agencies were established to facilitate settlers wishing to relocate. Beginning in the early 1860s, land-grant institutions were colleges that were built on land granted to each state by the federal government for that purpose. By the mid 1800s these federal agencies were providing financial aid to settlers so they buy land out west. Beginning in the early 1860s, the federal government granted land to the new states that they were allowed to then sell to raise money to fund the establishment of colleges.

Beginning in the early 1860s, the federal government granted land to the new states that they were allowed to then sell to raise money to fund the establishment of colleges.

The most successful battle of the Anaconda Plan - the Union's strategy to defeat the Confederacy - was: The Battle of Shiloh, fought over control of the West The Battle of Antietam, the bloodiest single day of fighting in American history The Battle of New Orleans, fought over control of the Mississippi The Battle of Hampton Roads, a naval battle between the Monitor and Merrimack

The Battle of Shiloh, fought over control of the West

What did Jefferson's embargo of 1807, which curtailed American shipping, lead to? The tightening of British impressment of American sailors and a decline in American oceanic shipping A significantly large decrease of American imports and exports Closed shipping access to European markets except France and Italy Napoleon's pact with the largest economic powers of Europe to boycott goods from America

A significantly large decrease of American imports and exports

Why did the American Revolution almost fail in 1776? There were many who stopped believing in the revolution causing a split between the north and the south. France stepped in to help Great Britain quell the revolution. There was disagreement about the Declaration of Independence which delayed its draft until October. A well-organized British imperial army had returned and had won numerous military victories.

A well-organized British imperial army had returned and had won numerous military victories

How did the weakness of the Articles of Confederation impact the American economy?

Because it could print money but not levy taxes, inflation increased and many people's debts landed them in prison

The Webster-Ashburton Treaty, that settled the borders between Canada and the US, more specifically between Canada and Maine, was brokered during which United States president? John Tyler Henry Clay Martin Van Buren William Henry Harrison

John Tyler

What way did the Enlightenment inform the future direction of American politics and society?

Provided a blueprint of a modern democratic society

The belief that authority comes from the consent of the governed is a key feature of:

Republicanism

What collective movement defined America colonists religious views?

The Great Awakening

Which U.S. president was able to consolidate larger amounts of power for the executive branch of government, a memorable aspect of his presidential legacy? Daniel Webster Andrew Jackson Henry Clay John C. Calhoun

Andrew Jackson

Which presidential candidate's loss in the election of 1824 by a vote in the U.S. House of Representatives cemented his future leadership philosophy that the government needed to do a better job representing the will of the average citizen? John Quincy Adams Andrew Jackson Andrew Johnson Abraham Lincoln

Andrew Jackson

According to the US Constitution, Supreme Court judges... Are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate. Are appointed by the House of Representatives, voted on by the Senate, and approved by the President. Are chosen by direct election during each election cycle every 4 years. Are appointed by a Constitutional Convention and serve a term of 10 years.

Are appointed by the President and must be approved by the Senate

Why did Mexico encourage Americans to settle in the area of North-east Mexico after 1821, known today as Texas? Because they needed assistance in fighting the Native American None of the answers are correct Because they wanted to be part of the United States. Because they wanted a stable populace.

Because they wanted a stable populace.

As a result of the French and Indian War, England gained control of the entirety of which settlement?

Canada

During the Second Great Awakening an influential revivalist was known for his preaching on being 'born again.' What was his name? Charles Finney Hudson Taylor Charles Wesley Thomas Paine

Charles Finney

Why did Congress debate for two days whether they should discipline the delegates of the Constitutional Convention? For not adhering to the Bill of Rights. For creating a new form of government instead of just modifying the Articles of Confederation. For having far too many Enlightenment Era ideas in the final draft, such as federalism. For creating a completely new military system rather than just modifying the Declaration of Independence.

For creating a new form of government instead of just modifying the Articles of Confederation.

Why was the Connecticut colony started?

Leader disagreed with limited voting rights in Massachusetts

Whose name was associated with the beginnings of the temperance movement during the Great Awakening? Lyman Beecher Charles Finney William Sunday Harriet Beecher Stowe Harriet Tubman

Lyman Beecher

The War with Mexico, along with the annexation of Texas, is greatly caused by which of the following? The Lincoln doctrine The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo Manifest Destiny The Gadsen Purchase

Manifest Destiny

Which of the following was the cause of the Boston tea party?

Parliament passed a new tax, made tea cheaper but was still another instance of taxation without representation

According to the Articles of Confederation, how was power to be distributed within the new nation? The President had the power of the purse, which was the final authority. Congress was the most powerful governmental entity. State governments were given precedence over the authority of the federal government. The Supreme Court was the overarching authority.

State governments were given precedence over the authority of the federal government.

Which of these marred the presidency of John Adams? The Alien and Sedition Acts The scandal over the trade routes along the Mississippi Adams's infidelity and secret divorce The XYZ Affair

The Alien and Sedition Acts

Which document in its original form rationalized the existence of slavery in the New World as being the fault of the British Empire? The Mayflower Compact and Common Bond The Declaration of Independence The Articles of Confederation The Jamestown Charter of 1720

The Declaration of Independence

The American Enlightenment emphasized all of the following EXCEPT: consent of the governed separation of powers within government obedience to established religious authority authority of democratic elections

obedience to established religious authority

What was John Brown's great plan? Incite slaves to armed rebellion in order to destroy the institution of slavery. Take Congress hostage in order to force them to write anti-slavery legislation. Lead a type of guerrilla warfare against slavery in the Western territories. Assassinate Robert E. Lee, the man whose military skill gave the South such wartime success. Lead a constitution convention to abolish slavery and end universal suffrage.

Incite slaves to armed rebellion in order to destroy the institution of slavery.

How did the principle of the consent of the governed impact the Declaration of Independence? It was the thing that the writers of the Declaration most opposed because they did not believe in the relevance of free trade. It was one of the things that the writers of the Declaration were working against where all of the power was in the hands of a small political elite. It was an integral part of the Declaration and it meant that there would be some limitation of the federal government in comparison to the local government. It was an integral part of the Declaration and it meant common people have to allow their rulers to have any authority over them.

It was an integral part of the Declaration and it meant common people have to allow their rulers to have any authority over them.

Which 19th century French politician observed that social mobility and political participation were much more available to average citizens in America than Europe? Immanuel Kant Alexis de Tocqueville Jean-Jacques Rousseau John Locke Jean-Jacques Rousseau John Locke

Alexis de Tocqueville

The Olmecs are best described by which of the following? All of the answers are correct. Leaving Mesoamerica because they were unhappy with the land As being responsible for finding the fountain of youth in Spain As being the first major civilization in Mesoamerica and helping to influence the rise of later civilizations

As being the first major civilization in Mesoamerica and helping to influence the rise of later civilizations