Substance Abuse final
What are the barriers to full participation in the 12 Step recovery process for people with intellectual or developmental disabilities?
ALL OF THE ABOVE-reading, spiritual, communication, attention difficulties
Which of the following is true of substance abuse treatment for the elderly?
ALL OF THE ABOVE-successful treatment when geared toward age group, individualized and group with same age peers, naltrexone is effective
Smoking a drug or injecting it intravenously, as opposed to swallowing it as a pill, for example, generally produces a slower, weaker dopamine signal and is less likely to lead to drug abuse and addiction.
False
Teens are much more likely to try alcohol, cigarettes, and other drugs for the first time during the winter months
False
Teens who had ridden with other drivers under the influence were at a much lower risk for doing so themselves.
False
The majority of individuals living with a dual diagnosis have received adequate drug treatment, medical treatment and psychotherapeutic intervention to help them progress in their recovery.
False
Treatment must be voluntary to be effective.
False
Treatment of other life problems associated with drinking decreases the likelihood of success in substance abuse treatment.
False
Very few Methadone patients are dependent on other substances.
False
When planning or conducting an intervention, it is seldom useful to use the services of a person trained in the process of drug and alcohol intervention.
False
Symptoms of substance abuse in older individuals sometimes mimic symptoms of other medical and behavioral disorders common among this population, such as diabetes, dementia, and depression.
True
Taking replacement therapy for opiate addiction will not get at the root causes of the addiction.
True
Television viewing remains the most popular form of leisure activity in the United States (an average of 2.8 hours per day in the general population.
True
The best drug treatment programs pay for themselves 12 times over because patients who succeed have quick improvements in health and behavior.
True
The course instructor prefers to be contacted by email.
True
The disorder that most resembles drug addiction is pathological gambling.
True
The essential feature of behavioral addictions is the failure to resist an impulse, drive, or temptation to perform an act that is harmful to the person or to others.
True
The first step in making a change is recognizing a problem exists.
True
The influence of parental attitudes on a child's drug taking behaviors may be as important as actual drug abuse by the parents. An adolescent who perceives that a parent is permissive about the use of drugs is more likely to use drugs.
True
The origins of harm reduction lie in the more than a century old public health movement aimed at protecting the entire community from harm.
True
The program of recovery of AA and NA consists of working the 12 Steps.
True
The stages of change theory applies not just to people with substance abuse problems in treatment, but people making any kind of change in their lives
True
Total abstinence is strongly associated with a positive long-term prognosis.
True
Unlike in adults, the mere presence of peers influences a teen's brain chemistry, increasing the chances that teens will take risks
True
When mental illness and substance disorder co-exist, both disorders require specific and appropriately intensive primary treatment.
True
Which of the following is true of teens and driving under the influence?
ALL OF THE ABOVE-earlier license, more often and having ever ridden with driver under the influence increases DUI
Students should attend the 12 Step Group meeting alone, not in small groups or pairs, and should make sure this is an open meeting where visitors are allowed.
True
What is it about the adolescent brain that makes substance use and abuse particularly likely?
ALL OF THE ABOVE-frontal lobe, limbic system and dopamine receptors and brain requiring more stimulation
Match Definitions
12 Steps E 12 Traditions A Service Work D Sponsor C Home Group B
According to a National Center on Addiction and Substance Abuse report, every dollar spent on treatment, yields, on average ___ in economic benefit to society. Other studies report less, around ____ per dollar spent on treatment.
18.00 and 7.00
Substance abuse and addiction among those with disabilities can:
ALL OF THE ABOVE-hamper medical care, interfere with perscritpions and worsen conditions
Substance abuse is strongly correlated with dropping out of school - whether high school or college - creating a lifelong loss of earned income.
True
Behavioral addictions and substance use disorders:
A & B respond well to 12 step
Who is more likely to begin using substances at an earlier age?
A & C Boys and Brighter Kids
According to the 12 Traditions of Narcotics Anonymous, the only requirement for membership is:
A desire to get sober
How does the literature of Narcotics Anonymous define an addict?
A man or women's whose life is controlled by drugs
Why is the problem of elderly substance abuse difficult to detect, particularly when the person lives alone?
A reluctant family and friends
Why does the gay and transgender population exhibit higher rates of substance use and abuse?
ALL OF THE ABOVE-high stress due to discrimination, target market and lack of cultural understanding in healthcare
Women with substance use disorders:
ALL OF THE ABOVE-higher prevalence of co-occurring, history of sex abuse, greater biological vulnerability and physical effects, initiate opioid and cocaine abuse with partner and at younger age than men
Who should participate in an intervention?
A. Anyone with a vested, sincere and loving relationship with the addicted person can participate. B. The addicted person's medical and psychological treatment providers as well as pastoral and religious community members. C. Significant others, adult family members (siblings and parents) and children of the addicted person. D. Friends and colleagues of the addict. ***E. All of the above
Which of the following is true of Buprenorphine?
A. Like methadone, it reduces cravings for heroin and other opiates and also reduces withdrawal symptoms. B. It has a ceiling effect in that increased doses of the drug do not produce increased effects beyond a certain point. C. It is the first medication developed to treat opiate addiction in the privacy of a physician's office. D. Its weaker opiate effects are less likely to cause overdose problems and produce a lower level of physical dependence meaning that patients who discontinue taking it have fewer withdrawal symptoms than those who stop taking methadone for opiate addiction. ***E. All of the above
Which of the following is/are a warning sign that the recovering addict is in danger of a relapse?
A. The individual stops attending 12 Step meetings, going to therapy or engaging in other practices that have helped him or her remain abstinent. B. The addict engages in euphoric thinking about using. C. The addict begins to seek out old friends from their using days. D. The addict becomes extremely defensive when anyone brings up the changes in his or her behavior and attitude. ****E. All of the above
In order to remain abstinent, it is important that the newly recovering addict
A. Find new friends and stay away from old using companions. B. Avoid the bars, clubs and hangouts where he or she used to get drunk or stoned. C. Find new activities and interests. D.**** All of the above E. None of the above
Research has demonstrated that methadone maintenance treatment:
A. Leads to a reduction in criminal activity. B. Leads to a reduction in HIV infection rates and transmission. C. Leads to improvements in social health and productivity. D. Leads to a reduction in prostitution and fewer reports of multiple sex partners. E. **** All of the above
Which of the following is/are a harm reduction strategy or treatment?
A. Needle exchange programs B. Methadone maintenance treatment C. "Cold Turkey" detoxification D. Regular AA meeting attendance ***E. A & B
What are the principles of a harm reduction program for substance abuse treatment?
A. The individual addict's decision to use drugs is accepted. B. The focus is on reducing harm related to drug use, not consumption of drugs. C. The individual is expected to stop using drugs after a brief introductory period. ***D. A & B
Which of the following is an appropriate choice for one of your experiential interviews?
A. A current substance abuser B. A current drug dealer C. A police officer who specializes in narcotics cases D. The parent or spouse/partner of a recovering (Clean & Sober) substance abuser (E. A & D)
Making statements or behaviors that display intolerance towards individuals based upon race, sex, religion, age, handicap, national origin, or sexual orientation may result in:
A. A stern warning from the class instructor. B. Removal from the class discussions. C. Removal from the class entirely. ***D. B & C E. None of the above - what's the big deal?
Which of the following is true of the disease of addiction?
A. Addiction is a chronic disease. Drug addiction shares many features with other chronic illnesses, including a tendency to run in families (heritability), an onset and course that is influenced by environmental conditions and behavior, and the ability to respond to appropriate treatment, which may include long-term lifestyle modification. B. Addiction is a progressive disease. If left untreated, it will eventually impact all aspects of a person's life. C. Addiction is a fatal disease. D. Addiction is a primary disease. Primary refers to the nature of addiction as a disease entity in addition to and separate from other pathophysiologic states which may be associated with it. Primary suggests that addiction is not a symptom of an underlying disease state. *****E. All of the above
Which of the following statements is true of US college students and substance use?
A.Very few of America's 5.4 million full-time college students abuse drugs or drink alcohol on binges. B.Nearly 10% of America's 5.4 million full-time college students abuse drugs or drink alcohol on binges at least once a month. *****C.Nearly half of America's 5.4 million full-time college students abuse drugs or drink alcohol on binges at least once a month. D.Nearly 75% of America's 5.4 million full-time college students abuse drugs or drink alcohol on binges at least once a month. E. Nearly all of America's 5.4 million full-time college students abuse drugs or drink alcohol on binges at least once a month.
Behavioral manifestations and complications of addiction, primarily due to impaired control, can include
A. Excessive use and/or engagement in addictive behaviors, at higher frequencies and/or quantities than the person intended, often associated with a persistent desire for and unsuccessful attempts at behavioral control. B. Excessive time lost in substance use or recovering from the effects of substance use and/or engagement in addictive behaviors, with significant adverse impact on social and occupational functioning (e.g. the development of interpersonal relationship problems or the neglect of responsibilities at home, school or work). C. Continued use and/or engagement in addictive behaviors, despite the presence of persistent or recurrent physical or psychological problems which may have been caused or exacerbated by substance use and/or related addictive behaviors. (D. All of the above)
According to the instructor's teaching philosophy:
A. Getting a degree is not the same thing as getting an education. B. Safety nurtures intellectual and personal growth and learning should be personal. C. People have the power to change. D. Respect goes both ways. (E. All of the above)
Please match each term with the correct definition
A. INHALATION A route of drug administration in which a substance is inhaled through the mouth or the nose and usually act directly on the respiratory system before entering into the bloodstream. They are often used to treat respiratory diseases, but gases are inhaled for general anesthesia as well. B. TRANSDERMAL ABSORPTION Absorption of a substance through the skin. C. INTRAMUSCULAR ADMINISTRATION The injection of a substance directly into a muscle. D. ORAL ADMINISTRATION When a drug is taken by mouth. E. INTRAVENOUS ADMINISTRATION The injection of a substance directly into a vein. F. SUBLINGUAL ADMINISTRATION administration of a drug through dissolving under the tongue. Some medications are meant to bypass the harsh environment of the stomach and digestive system and enter the blood directly by absorption through the membranes beneath the tongue and into the blood vessels. G. RECTAL ADMINISTRATION A way of administering drugs into the rectum to be absorbed by the rectum's blood vessels. H. ROUTE OF ADMINISTRATION The way a drug is put into the body.
Which of the following is true of the Attendance & Participation requirements for the course?
A. Our classes will be full and students are expected to attend daily and be on time. B. Effective participation will require prior reading and preparation for each live class session as well as regular participation in all online aspects of the class. C. Class discussion and participation will comprise 25% of the final course grade. (D. All of the Above)
Even college students who don't drink to excess are impacted by the substance use of their peers. Which of the following is true of their experiences with drinking peers?
A. Over 60% had their study or sleep interrupted. B. Over half had to take care of a drunken student. C. Over 20% of women had experienced unwanted sexual advances. (D. All of the Above)
According to the Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous, most people are unable to successfully intervene with the alcoholic.
ALL OF THE ABOVE
Comprehensive assessments, including neuroimaging to assess brain activity and brain structure, along with other measures such as IQ, cognitive task performance, personality and blood tests on 14-year-old adolescents, indicated that later binge drinking was more likely in teens with:
ALL OF THE ABOVE (family history, bigger brain, lack of conscientiousness and sensation seeking traits)
Please match each term with the correct definition.
A. SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION A sensitive and complex system that forms the basis of the entire nervous system, controlling mood, emotions, memory, perceptions, movement, and the unconscious systems that maintain life such as heartbeat and respiration. It is the process by which one nerve cell communicates with another. B. REWARD PATHWAY A sort of "power cord" or connection that moves from the midbrain through the caudate nucleus, the amygdala, the hippocampus, and on to the prefrontal cortex. The key neurotransmitter of this route is dopamine and stimulation of this system releases higher levels of dopamine and causes feelings of pleasure and euphoria. C. BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER An arrangement of cells packed very tightly together that prevents most substances, including most drug molecules and infections, that circulate through the blood system from entering the brain. D. AGONIST A drug that can cross the blood-brain barrier and mimics a natural nuerotransmitter, causing the receiving cell to react.
Please match each stage of drug use, abuse, and addiction with the correct description.
A. THE EXPERIMENTATION STAGE The first stage of substance use when an individual, often an adolescent, is trying out a new experience in order to learn what it is like, what it means to them, and how they will respond to the substance. B. THE LOSS_OF_CHOICE/DEPENDENCY STAGE In the final stage, the person's life has become centered on getting and using the drug. The person's time and attention are focused on this one goal as health, relationships, work, education, and personal responsibilities are of secondary importance and may be ignored. The individual must have the substance in order to function. C. THE SEEKING STAGE A stage in which the person already knows a lot about the drug, its effects, and how it can be trusted to change his or her mood, feelings, or consciousness. In this stage the person begins to look for this change on a regular basis. He or she begins to adjust many aspects of life to make access to the drug and using easier. D. THE LEARNING STAGE The stage that occurs after a person has tried a drug and learned about the drug's effects. In this stage the person learns more about the drug's effects, what amounts lead to what sorts of experiences and how his or her body reacts to the drug. In this stage the person learns that the drug is a reliable friend that can be trusted to give a certain desirable feeling when used in a specific quantity.
How does addiction take hold in the brain?
A. The rewarding effects of drugs of abuse come from large and rapid upsurges in dopamine, a neurochemical critical to stimulating feelings of pleasure and to motivating behavior. B. The rapid dopamine "rush" from drugs of abuse mimics but greatly exceeds in intensity and duration the feelings that occur in response to such pleasurable stimuli as the sight or smell of food, for example. C. Repeated exposure to large, drug-induced dopamine surges has the insidious consequence of ultimately blunting the response of the dopamine system to everyday stimuli. Thus the drug disturbs a person's normal hierarchy of needs and desires and substitutes new priorities concerned with procuring and using the drug (D. All of the Above)
Which of the following is true of the Weekly Quizzes?
A. There will be an online quiz at the end of each class week. B. Quizzes are open book. C.In order to allow for instances of illness, family emergencies, and other difficulties, the lowest quiz grade will be dropped and the rest averaged. D. All of the Above (E. A & C)
In general, an individual's drug use:
A. increases healthcare costs for the individual, the family, and the community. B. increases welfare costs for society and decreases individual and community income. C. increases the likelihood and incidence of family violence, child abuse, and victimization as well as public safety and penal costs. D. decreases the user's self-esteem as well as the self-esteem of others involved with the user. ***E. All of the above
Of all the money spent by federal, state and local governments on smoking and the abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs, around half goes toward prevention, treatment and addiction research.
False
People who continue to abuse drugs after treatment are hopeless.
False
Match Definitions
Abstinence E) Refraining from a behavior which one has decided to discontinue, to include anything related to that behavior, and to be free from thoughts of the behavior (i.e., fantasies or planning). Abstinence Violation Effect H) The idea that once you cheat, you've blown it, so you might as well binge Buprenorphine (Subutex & Suboxone) A) A newer synthetic opioid that is classified as Schedule III; a more recently-approved treatment for heroin and opiate addiction. Craving D) A powerful "hunger" for a drug that is related to the brain changes the drug has brought about, Dry Drunk F) An individual who is no longer drinking or using but in many ways behaves like he or she is still in the midst of addiction. Euphoric Recall G) A psychological term for the tendency of people to remember past experiences in a positive light, while overlooking negative experiences associated with that event(s). It is a major factor in substance dependence and the likelihood of relapse Harm Reduction B) An approach for substance use services that involves a set of practical techniques that are openly negotiated with clients around what is most likely to be achieved. The focus is on reducing the negative consequences and risky behaviors of substance use; it neither condones nor condemns any behavior; Harm reduction is any program or policy designed to reduce drug-related harm without requiring the cessation of drug use. High Risk Situations C) Circumstances in which a person may be triggered toward relapse. It may include something in the environment (external) or something within the person (internal).
What is the relationship between addiction and poverty?
Addiction can cause poverty and poverty can cause addiction
Prevalence rates of alcohol-related cirrhosis of the liver and cardiomyopathy in women are HALF that in men.
False
Match definitions
Addictive Behavior C ANY ACTIVITY THAT HAS BECOME THE MAJOR FOCUS OF A PERSONS LIFE... Behavioral Addictions B SYNDROMES ANALOGOUS TO SUBSTANCE ADDICTION... Hypersexuality A COMPULSIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOR.... Neuroadaptation D
Match definitions
Additive Effects C) The effect of two chemicals is equal to the sum of the effect of the two chemicals taken separately, e.g., aspirin and Motrin Antagonistic Effects D) The effect of two chemicals taken together is less than the sum of their separate effect at the same doses Agonist B) A drug molecule that can bind itself to a receiving cell acting in the same way as the natural neurotransmitter that would bind to that location, mimicking the neurotransmitter. Detoxification F) A process whereby individuals are withdrawn from alcohol and drugs, typically under the care of medical staff; it is designed to treat the acute physiological effects of ceasing the use of substances Motivational Interviewing G) A person‐centered counseling method for enhancing a person's internal motivation for behavior change through exploring and resolving ambivalence. Sensitization H) Increased response to same dose of a drug with repeated exposure or less of the drug is needed to achieve the same effect Synergistic Effects A) The effect of two chemicals taken together is greater than the sum of their separate effect at the same doses, e.g., alcohol and other drugs. Tolerance E) Decreased response to same dose of a drug with repeated exposure or more of the drug is needed to achieve the same effect.
Which of the following is true of the relationship between professional treatment or rehab services and participation in 12 Step groups?
Additive effect
Match Definitions
Ageism G Comorbidity F Doctor Shopping K Dual Diagnosis A Ethnicity J Hardy Survivors D Integrated Treatment H Late Onset C Prescription Drug Misuse B Race E Sequential Treatment I
Rats that have been bred to be addiction-prone spend much less time on the running the wheel than other rats do.
False
Relapse to drug abuse means treatment has failed.
False
12 Step Meeting attendance is associated with:
All of the above
According to the literature of Narcotics Anonymous, the disease of addiction leads to:
All of the above
Adolescent substance use disorders are correlated with:
All of the above
Behavioral addictions:
All of the above
Pathological gambling:
All of the above
The 12 Steps require the recovering individual to:
All of the above
There are many parallels between substance abuse and mental health disorders including:
All of the above
What is the relationship between substance use and mental illness?
All of the above
When rats are given unlimited access to their standard food as well as appetizing, high-calorie foods:
All of the above
Which of the following is a barrier to help-seeking in African American addicts?
All of the above
Which of the following is true of bulimia?
All of the above
Which of the following is true of compulsive gamblers?
All of the above
Why do drug-using parents often use drugs with their children?
All of the above
Which of the following is true of compulsive shopping?
All of the above-binges precipitated by depression/anxiety, can generate drug like highs, can result in crashes
Adolescent substance abuse is linked to:
BOTH A (school problem etc.) and C(unwanted/unplanned/unprotected sex)
The earlier an individual tries a mood-altering substance, _________________________________.
C THE MORE LIKELY THEY ARE TO HAVE A SUBSTANCE ABUSE DISORDER
Hispanics drop out of some types of drug abuse treatment programs at higher rates than Anglos.
False
If left untreated, addiction often resolves itself with time and maturity.
False
Individuals who begin attending 12 Step Meetings by court order or other pressure seldom are successful in their recovery.
False
Individuals with behavioral addictions and those with substance use disorders both score low on self-report measures of impulsivity and sensation-seeking.
False
Marijuana is clearly the most commonly abused drug in the elderly.
False
Mental health professionals are usually eager to talk with their clients about the possibility of relapse
False
More than anything else, drug addiction is a character flaw.
False
Native Americans experience death rates due to alcoholism at half the rate of the general population.
False
Nearly 23 million Americans—almost one in 10—are addicted to alcohol or other drugs
False
Nobody will voluntarily seek treatment until they hit "rock bottom."
False
12 Step meeting attendance is associated with increasing psychological symptoms in those with co-occurring psychiatric disorders.
False
According to the Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous, an alcoholic can easily stop drinking based on increased self-knowledge.
False
Current research suggests better prognoses for ethnic and racial minorities in conventional treatment programs, although this may be accounted for by socioeconomic group differences.
False
Drug addiction is voluntary behavior.
False
Experiential write-ups are expected to be typed and handed to the course instructor by the beginning of class on the assigned week.
False
Genetic factors account for about 90% of the likelihood that an individual will develop addiction.
False
Which of the following is true of Methadone?
It blocks the euphoric and sedating effects of opiates. B. It relieves the craving for opiates that is a major factor in relapse. C. It relieves symptoms associated with withdrawal from opiates. D. It is excreted slowly so it can be taken only once a day. ***E. All of the above
Which of the following is true of the final exam?
It will include only questions from the last week of the course. B. It is open book and open note. (C. It will be cumulative and will include questions from the previous section quizzes.) D. It will account for 50% of the course grade.
Match Definitions
Naloxone B) This is a short-acting opioid receptor blocker that counteracts the effects of opioids and can be used in treatment of overdoses Naltrexone G) A medication that blocks the effects of morphine, heroin and other opiates: a long-acting opioid receptor blocker, can help prevent relapse by blocking the pleasurable effects of heroin; Can only be used with someone who has already been detoxified, due to the severe withdrawal effects it can produce in someone who continues to abuse opioids. Playing the tape all the way through D) When an individual is having thoughts of the pleasure of that first hit, fix or drink, this is a process of having the individual think of what that initial using will eventually lead to, a return to full-blown active addiction. Relapse E) A return to the old behavior, the one being avoided; a gradual unfolding process where "picking up" the drug is the last step in a series of maladaptive responses to internal or external cues or stressors Relapse Prevention A) A way to become aware of the pitfalls of daily living and avoid the situations that could lead to a relapse Substitution H) The substitution of one addiction for another that occurs when the issues that contributed to the original addiction have not been resolved and the addict needs to fill the void that was left by abstaining from their drug of choice The Life F) The dramatic and adrenaline-inducing lifestyle that generally accompanies active drug addiction, Triggers C) Events, situations and attitudes that can lead to relapse
Match Definitions
Precontemplation D) The person is not yet considering change or is unwilling or unable to change. Contemplation B) The person acknowledges concerns and is considering the possibility of change but is ambivalent and uncertain Preparation E) The person is committed to and planning to make a change in the near future but is still considering what to do. Action A) The person is actively taking steps to change but has not yet reached a stable state. Maintenance F) The person has achieved initial goals such as abstinence and is now working to maintain gains. Recurrence (relapse) C) The person has experienced a recurrence of symptoms and must now cope with consequences and decide what to do next.
Match Definitions
Psychoeducational Groups B) Groups designed to educate clients about substance abuse, and related behaviors and consequences. This type of group presents structured, group‐specific content, often taught using videotapes, audiocassette, or lectures. Generally, an experienced group leader will facilitate discussions of the material. Coping Skills Training Groups A) Groups that attempt to cultivate the skills people need to achieve and maintain abstinence. These skills may either be directly related to substance use (such as ways to refuse offers of drugs, avoid triggers for use, or cope with urges to use) or may apply to broader areas relevant to a client's continued sobriety (such as ways to manage anger, solve problems, or relax). Cognitive-Behavioral Groups H) Groups that are a well‐established part of the substance abuse treatment field and are particularly appropriate in early recovery and use cognitive restructuring as the basic methodology of change. 12-Step Programs F) Community-based and free self-help substance abuse fellowships that provide support, strategies and mentoring for a successful recovery and are linked to long-term success in recovery regardless of other types of treatments used. Medically Monitored Intensive Inpatient Treatment D) An organized service conducted by addiction professionals and clinicians who provide a planned regimen of around-the-clock, professionally directed evaluation, care and treatment in an inpatient setting. This level of care includes 24-hour observation, monitoring and treatment. A multidisciplinary staff functions under medical supervision. Residential Treatment Programs C) Safe, secure facilities in which intensive drug and alcohol treatment programs are the cornerstone of the patient's daily activities and often last 28 days. Outpatient Treatment Programs G) Similar to residential treatment programs, but in a differently structured environment. These programs provide patients with more freedom of movement which allows them to maintain a regular commitment to family, work, and educational responsibilities. Intensive Outpatient Treatment E) A planned and organized service in which addiction professionals and clinicians provide several treatment service components to clients. Treatment consists of regularly scheduled sessions within a structured program, with a minimum of nine treatment hours per week.
Match Definitions
Schedule 1 E) Drugs with no currently accepted medical use and a high potential for abuse. The most dangerous drugs of all the drug schedules with potentially severe psychological or physical dependence. Some examples are: heroin, lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) and marijuana (cannabis). No prescriptions may be written for these substances, and they are not readily available for clinical use. Schedule 2 B) Drugs with a high potential for abuse but that have a currently accepted medical use in the US. Their use can potentially lead to severe psychological or physical dependence. These drugs are also considered dangerous but this is not the MOST dangerous category. Some examples are: cocaine, methamphetamine, methadone, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), meperidine (Demerol), oxycodone (OxyContin), fentanyl, Dexedrine, Adderall, and Ritalin. Schedule 3 D) Drugs with a moderate to low potential for physical and psychological dependence. The drug has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Some examples of are: Combination products with less than 15 milligrams of hydrocodone per dosage unit (Vicodin), Products containing less than 90 milligrams of codeine per dosage unit (Tylenol with codeine), ketamine, anabolic steroids, testosterone. Schedule 4 C) Drugs with a low potential for abuse and low risk of dependence. The drug has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. Some examples are: Xanax, Soma, Darvon, Darvocet, Valium, Ativan, Ambien. Schedule 5 A ) Drugs with lower potential for and consist of preparations containing limited quantities of certain narcotics. The drug has a currently accepted medical use in treatment in the United States. They are generally used for antidiarrheal, antitussive, and analgesic purposes. Some examples are: cough preparations with less than 200 milligrams of codeine or per 100 milliliters (Robitussin AC), Lyrica, Parepectolin
Because of increasing tolerance, addictions cost more and more to maintain the longer a person has them.
TRUE
There is scientific evidence that addicts and alcoholics have a defective reward system within the brain.
TRUE
A recent comparison of treatment compliance and relapse rates for patients in treatment for opiate, cocaine, and nicotine dependence with outcomes for three common and chronic medical conditions (i.e., hypertension, asthma, and diabetes) found similar response rates across the addictive and chronic medical disorders.
True
According to the Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous, no real alcoholic ever regains control of his drinking.
True
According to the Big Book of Alcoholics Anonymous, the person who can most successfully approach an alcoholic and gain his trust and understanding is an ex-problem drinker.
True
According to the literature of Narcotics Anonymous, addiction consists of: Individuals who are court-mandated to attend self-help groups benefit just as much as those who attend voluntarily.
True
According to the literature of Narcotics Anonymous, recovery as experienced through the Twelve Steps is the goal, not mere physical abstinence.
True
Addiction can cause disability or premature death, especially when left untreated or treated inadequately.
True
Addiction changes the brain, first by subverting the way it registers pleasure and then by corrupting other normal drives such as learning and motivation
True
Addiction is a chronic, relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences.
True
Addiction is a treatable disease.
True
Adults who use illegal drugs are much more likely to have a serious mental illness.
True
Ageism is reflected in some providers' belief that older adults' quality of life will remain poor even if they are successfully treated for their substance abuse.
True
Alcohol consumption is a well-known strong predisposing factor in traumatic brain injury and it has been well documented with high pre-injury prevalence rates for people with spinal cord injuries.
True
Alcohol has a higher absorption rate in the elderly causing a greater degree of intoxication than the same amount of alcohol would cause in younger drinkers.
True
An intervention can be a helpful tool for a family member, colleague or friend who is resistant to addressing his or her problem
True
Anyone can relapse after any period of time in recovery.
True
Assessment is the first step in treatment.
True
At-school substance use is not just an isolated event requiring simple disciplinary action but an important signal identifying teens in need of urgent psychosocial assessment and support.
True
Baby boomers, who came of age in the '60s and '70s when experimenting with drugs was pervasive, are far more likely to use illicit drugs than previous generations.
True
College students have higher rates of alcohol or drug addiction than the general public.
True
Compared with individuals who begin to participate in self-help groups either soon after initiating help-seeking or during treatment, those who delay entering self-help groups do not appear to benefit as much from them.
True
Findings show unequivocally that providing comprehensive drug abuse treatment to criminal offenders works, reducing both drug abuse and criminal recidivism.
True
Government spending related to smoking and the abuse of alcohol and illegal drugs accounts for more than one-tenth of combined federal, state and local expenditures for all purposes, according to a new study.
True
Heavy drug use during times of critical brain development may cause permanent changes in the way the brain works and responds to rewards and consequences.
True
High school students drink more drinks when they drink (4.9 drinks per day) than any other age group.
True
If they are insured, addicts pay more for almost every type of insurance ranging from car insurance to health insurance due to substance abuse.
True
In the United States, the overwhelming majority of individuals have used alcohol to some extent before it is legal to do so.
True
Individuals engaged in methadone maintenance treatment can face heavy discrimination within the child welfare system from judges, attorneys, and caseworkers who believe the ultimate goal of treatment should be a completely drug-free individual
True
Individuals who are court-mandated to attend self-help groups benefit just as much as those who attend voluntarily.
True
Individuals with disabilities have a substance abuse rate 2 to 4 times that of the non-disabled population, according to the Department of Health and Human Services.
True
Individuals with dual disorders generally appear to benefit just as much from 12-step programs as those who do not have mental illness.
True
It is estimated that between 20 percent to 30 percent of gay and transgender people abuse substances, compared to about 9 percent of the general population.
True
It is possible to develop tolerance to some effects AND sensitization to other effects of the same drug at the same time
True
Kids with a high IQ are much more likely to dabble in drugs
True
Less religious individuals appear to benefit from self-help groups as much as do individuals who are more religious.
True
Like addicts, gamblers also respond to drugs that block drug highs.
True
Like drug addicts, compulsive gamblers are at risk of sudden relapse even after many years of abstinence.
True
Many women do not want to enter treatment because they fear their children will be taken away if it is discovered that they have a substance use disorder.
True
Methadone allows people to function more normally by stopping withdrawal symptoms, eliminating craving for opiates, blocking opiate induced euphoria, and correcting the neurochemical abnormalities in the brain caused by opiate addiction.
True
Methadone is a treatment for opiate addiction and will not stop the abuse of other drugs.
True
Methadone maintenance was developed in 1964 as a medical response to the post-World War II heroin epidemic in New York City.
True
Most drugs of abuse directly or indirectly target the brain's reward system by flooding the circuit with dopamine.
True
Most patients in substance abuse treatment have multiple and complex problems in many aspects of living, including medical and mental illnesses, disrupted relationships, underdeveloped or deteriorated social and vocational skills, impaired performance at work or in school, and legal or financial troubles.
True
Most patients require long-term or repeated episodes of care to achieve the ultimate goal of sustained abstinence and recovery of their lives.
True
Multiple scientific studies have shown that psychiatric treatments are more effective in people who are not actively abusing drugs and alcohol.
True
No single treatment approach is effective for all persons with alcohol or other drug problems, and there is no overall advantage for residential or inpatient treatment over outpatient care.
True
Numerous studies with young people and adults have found that 12 Step Meeting attendance is associated with longer periods of sobriety and drug abstinence.
True
Offenders who complete prison-based treatment and continue with treatment in the community have the best outcomes.
True
Older adults have increased sensitivity to alcohol and over-the-counter and prescription medications, compared with younger adults
True
Only a few drug molecules are tiny enough to get past the blood brain barrier barrier and those are the drugs that have the potential for abuse.
True
Only a small percentage of those who need treatment actually receive it, and often the treatment provided is inadequate.
True
Parents who use alcohol, marijuana, and other drugs are more likely to have children who pick up their habits.
True
Recovering from addiction is a long-term process and frequently requires multiple episodes of treatment.
True
Relapses are very likely to occur in all chronic illnesses.
True
Students should attend the 12 Step Group meeting alone, not in small groups or pairs and should make sure this is an open meeting where visitors are allowed.
True
When pathological gamblers are exposed to videos of people gambling and talking about gambling, they show activity changes in some of the same frontal and limbic brain regions as do cocaine addicts exposed to images that stir up drug craving, as assessed by functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI).
True
When some drugs of abuse are taken, they can release 2 to 10 times the amount of dopamine that natural rewards such as eating and sex do.
True
Youth with greater ethnic pride are more successful with drug treatment.
True
• Persistent risk and/or recurrence of relapse, after periods of abstinence, is another fundamental feature of addiction.
True
Which of the following is a symptom of a substance use disorder according to the DSM 5?
according to the DSM 5? A. Taking the substance in larger amounts or for longer than you meant to B. Needing more of the substance to get the effect you want (tolerance) C. Using the substance more than twice per week D. All of the above E.**** A & B
The 12 Steps do not require the recovering individual to:
convert to christianity
