SVHS Unit 4 quizzes

[4.6] In the United States in 1890, how long was the average work week?

60 hours

[4.4] Which of the following ideas best reflects the work of a "muckraker"?

A cartoonist drawing a politician involved in a scandal

[4.2] How many miles of railway were built along the First Transcontinental Railroad?

About 1900 mile

[4.3] One economic issue during the Gilded Age was the growth of labor unions. What was one of their goals in response to unsafe working conditions and low wages?

An 8 hour workday

[4.2] Which Gilded Age tycoon became one of the largest providers of the "material" needed for rails and railcars?

Andrew Carnegie

[4.6] __________________ grew rapidly during the Gilded Age.

Big businesses

[4.3] Immigration to the United States increased during the Gilded Age. By the late 19th century and into the early 20th century, many of the immigrants were coming from what part of Europe?

Eastern Europe like Poland and Russia

[4.6] True or False ? By the late 19th century, many women in America had grown tired of education and wanted to return to domestic life.

False

[4.5] Over 1 million immigrants came to the United States in the 1840s from what European country (that had experienced a potato famine)?

Ireland

[4.5] What part of Manhattan became a magnet of immigration?

Lower East side

[4.2] During the Industrial Age, the economy operated under laissez faire, which meant there was

No regulation of industry, child labor laws or work safety laws

[4.2] Which famous railroad company was the first to produce sleeper cars and dining cars to allow railway passengers to be more comfortable?

Pullman Car Company

[4.2] The Central Pacific Railroad was built through _____________ provided by 10,000 _______________ .

cheap labor; Chinese immigrants

[4.5] What was the largest motivating factor for immigrants coming to the United States?

opportunity

[4.6] For each piece of literature from the Gilded Age , match the name of the author. 1. Huckleberry Finn, written by _______________. 2. Portrait of a Lady, written by _________________. 3. Leaves of Grass, written by _________________. 4. The Awakening, written by ________________.

1. Mart Twain 2. Henry James 3. Walt Whitman 4. Kate Chopin

[4.5] Match each famous inventor from the late 19th century to their most famous invention. 1. Louis Sullivan - ________________ 2. Thomas Edison - _________________ 3. Alexander Graham Bell -________________ 4. Elisha Otis -________________

1. Skyscraper 2. Light bulb 3. Telephone 4. Elevator

[4.3] What year was the Transcontinental Railroad completed?

1869

[4.1] The Grange, farmers' labor union operated from

1870-1880

[4.1] As of ____________ , Congress declared that all federal money must be backed by gold. This limited the nation's money supply and benefited the ___________.

1873; wealthy

[4.1] The Populist Age lasted from ____________ .

1890-1900

[4.6] According to educated women during the Gilded Age, what led to increased violence and neglect at home?

Alcohol

[4.1] Populism is a direct response to the ____________ age.

Industrial

[4.2] In 1887, public outrage over the railroad companies' practice of price fixing--keeping rates for shipping goods above a certain level--resulted in the creation of the ____________.

Interstate Commerce Commission

[4.3] The relocation of the Native Americans to reservations was one of the negatives associated with Westward Expansion. The Dawes Act of 1887 sought to do what with Native Americans?

It sought to Americanize them.

[4.6] What was the name of the system in the South that ensured all public schools were segregated?

Jim Crow

[4.3] Immigration to the United States was based on push and pull factors. From the choices below, which one IS NOT a pull factor?

Poverty

[4.4] Who wrote The Jungle that exposed the unsanitary practices of the meat packing industry?

Upton Sinclair

[4.5] One invention that was critical to the development of tall buildings and skyscrapers was the_________________ .

elevator

[4.6] James McNeill Whistler and John Singer Sargent were the most popular __________________ of the Gilded Age.

portrait artists

[4.5] Which of the following materials or resources was most important to architecture, including skyscrapers, during the growth of urbanization?

steel

[4.6] As Americans acquired more free time in the early _____________, they spent __________ time participating in sports, leisure and ____________________ activities.

1900s; more; amusement

[4.5] The American city that led the way to immigration and growing populations was what east coast city?

New York City

[4.3] This act made it illegal to form monopolies and engage in activities which forbade trade.

Sherman Anti‑Trust Act

[4.4] Who founded the NAACP or the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People?

W.E.B. DuBois

[4.5] The most notorious political boss during the Gilded Age was __________________ , who effectively ruled _________________ politics, and whose corruption was exposed by the political cartoonist ___________________

William "Boss" Tweed; New York; Thomas Nast

[4.6] Educated women in the early 1900s demanded ________________ reforms, such as the ________________ of alcohol, regulation of child labor and the right to _________.

national ; prohibition; vote.

[4.5] One downside to ____________ towns was the fact that many ______________ communities experienced overcrowding, disease and crime.

urbanization; immigrant

[4.2] Andrew Carnegie used a process called _________________ to reduce his ________________ and produce cheaper ________________.

vertical combination; costs; steel

[4.1] During the late 19th century, what kind of economic problems did American farmers face?

1. expensive new machinery 2. falling crop prices 3. a lack of good farm land

[4.3] The Homestead Act of 1862 gave how many acres of land to individuals to improve and eventually own outright after 5 years?

160 acres

[4.1] The Knights of Labor was one of the first labor unions. What year was it established?

1869

[4.2] What is one way that railways changed the world?

Speeding up travel times

[4.4] The Progressive Era was the response to most of the issues happening in what age?

The Gilded Age

[4.1] The Populist Party called for a host of reforms. They demanded a _____________ income tax, whereby individuals earning a higher income paid a ____________ percentages in taxes.

graduated; higher

The four candidates for president in 1912 were: 1. Woodrow _______________ of the Democratic Party 2. Theodore Roosevelt of the _______________ Party 3. Howard Taft of the _______________ Party 4. Eugene V. ________________ of the Socialist Party

1. Wilson 2. Bull Moose 3. Republican 4. Debs

[4.4] Match the planks, or proposals, to the correct candidate from the presidential campaign of 1912. 1. Restoring marketplace competition ________________ 2. Stronger anti-trust laws & policies to encourage small businesses ______________ 3. Women's suffrage __________________ 4. 8 hour work days ___________________

1. Woodrow Wilson 2. Woodrow Wilson 3. Theodore Roosevelt 4. Theodore Roosevelt

[4.2] In the 1820s & 1830s, how long did it typically take a group of people to travel along the Oregon Trail?

2-3 months

[4.4] One of the main reasons there was a lot of reforms made during this time period was because of a group called the "Muckrakers". What was a "Muckraker"?

A journalist who worked to expose scandal, corruption and abuse.

[4.3] This act created a merit system for 10% of federal employees who would now be chosen based on qualifications instead of political favoritism.

Civil Service Act

[4.6] One reason for the demand in better public education during the early 1900s was:

Employers wanted a better educated workforce

[4.1] True or False? The Populist Party Platform included the following: private ownership of the railroads, transportation systems and utilities in common areas.

False

[4.1] True or False? The first strategy farmers attempted was to encourage Congress to print silverback dollars like the ones issued during the Civil War. Since the silverback were not backed by gold, more dollars could be printed, creating an inflationary effect.

False

[4.2] True or False? The locomotive was invented during the Gilded Age.

False

[4.4] True or False? During the social gospel movement, most preachers refrained from getting involved in politics.

False

[4.1] Like other secret societies, such as the Masons, ___________ had local chapters with secret passwords and rituals.

Grangers

[4.1] In 1892, the Populists, ______________ ran for President on an ambitious platform. He polled over a million popular votes and 22 electoral votes.

James Weaver

[4.2] Who was America's first billionaire and owner of Standard Oil, at one time the largest company in the world, which shipped vast amounts of oil--at discounted rates--on railroads?

John D. Rockefeller

[4.3] One social issue in the Gilded Age was the treatment of minorities, especially the treatment of African Americans and former slaves. Throughout the South, states passed "Jim Crow" Laws. What did these laws do?

Legalized segregation and took away civil rights.

[4.2] Some Americans in the 1800s believed that it was "divinely intended" (God's plan) that Americans control the entire continent of North America. This is an idea referred to as:

Manifest Destiny

[4.3] Civil Service Reform was a positive change during the Gilded Age. The Pendleton Act was passed that did away with the spoils system where political supporters were given government jobs. With this act, federal jobs were based on WHAT?

Merit or skill rather than loyalty

[4.3] In response to the growing numbers of immigrants coming to the United States, what was the name of the anti-immigrant movement that wanted restrictions on immigration?

Nativism

[4.5] Which ideological group of Americans lobbied the government to restrict the influx of immigrants to the United States in the late 1800s?

Nativists

[4.6] Which idea best describes the Gilded Age?

New and improved machinery aiding workers in manufacturing more goods in less time

[4.1] Farmers started to organize in the mid-nineteen century. In 1867, the first such national organization was formed. Led by Oliver Kelly, the ______________ , also known as the Grange, organized to address the social isolation of farm life. Politics and economics were discussed at their dances and gatherings. Grangers lobbied state legislatures for regulation of the _____________ industry.

Patrons of Husbandry; railroad.

[4.6] Which of the following companies was founded by John D. Rockefeller?

Standard Oil

[4.4] During the Progressive Era, there were several reformers who led causes to battle the issues of the Gilded Age. What reformer was known for her lifelong work for Women's Rights?

Susan B. Anthony

[4.4] Who ran as a 3rd party presidential candidate for the Bull Moose Party in 1912?

Teddy Roosevelt

[4.5] Which was the second largest group of immigrants that came to the U.S. in large numbers? They brought farming, skilled artisans, and several became beer makers.

The Germans

[4.6] During the Gilded Age, what change in boxing made it more respectable?

The addition of gloves

[4.6] After a dramatic increase in the number of public high schools built and operating in the U.S. in the late 1800s, what happened to the rate of illiteracy?

The illiteracy rate was cut nearly in half

[4.1] How did low inflation in the late 1800s impact farmers?

The limited supply of money resulted in very low prices for crops

[4.5] What was the goal of the Immigration Restriction League that was formed in Boston in 1894?

To limit the number of immigrants

[4.4] There were several Anti-Trust Acts that passed during the Progressive Era. One of the biggest ones was the Sherman Anti-Trust Act. What was the main goal of the Sherman Anti-Act?

To prevent monopolies from engaging in unfair practices and unfair competition.

[4.3] What was one of the causes of Westward Expansion during the Gilded Age?

Transcontinental Railroad

[4.1] True or False? Populism is not defined by one era. Any time people can ban together to enact change, any such act is considered Populism.

True

[4.1] True or False? The Silver Standard would replace gold and expand the money supply allowing easier access to loans and cash.

True

[4.2] True or False ?A trust is a combination of firms formed by legal agreement.

True

[4.2] True or False? The Union Pacific Railroad was in part built by ex-Confederate & Union soldiers who had a lot of experience with railroads during the Civil War.

True

[4.4] True or False? Presidential candidate Eugene V. Debs believed in passing laws to limit work hours and the public ownership of railroads.

True

[4.5] True or False? One reason for the growth of cities was the fact that most factories were built in urban areas.

True

[4.6] True or False? Urbanization, or the population shift from rural to city areas, brought greater change to postwar America than any other factor.

True

[4.4] There were several Constitutional Amendments added during the Progressive Era. The 19th Amendment guaranteed WHAT?

Women have the right to vote

[4.2] When the Transcontinental Railroad was built, the government applied the economic theory of ___________________ , which came in the form of ________________ and effectively paid railroad companies to build more miles or railway.

economic nationalism; subsidies

[4.3] In 1892, the Populist Party, or "People's Party", held a convention in Omaha, Nebraska. Which of the following proposals were included in the party's plan to help farmers and ordinary people?

government ownership of railroads, graduated income tax, the rights of laborers to form unions

[4.4] During the late 1800s, ______________________ were starting to lose faith in the local church because the sermons did not seem relevant to their __________________ , working _____________________________________.

lower-class workers; hard lives; long hours for low pay

[4.2] What material was important to the production of rails and railcars?

steel

[4.5] Most of the urban poor lived in ___________________ , which were known to include_________________ and be________________ .

tenement housing ; small apartments; overcrowded