T & D Chapter 9

Technical training programs

Apprenticeship training, computer training, skills/knowledge training, safety training, quality training

3 categories of skills training

Basic skills/literacy education, technical training & interpersonal skills training

Professional Development & Education

Earning & maintaining licensure & certification in a field of work, periodic need for continuing education

Total quality management

Fundamental skills: employees must be able to work in teams, must be able to collect, analyze & evaluate quantitative data

Many customer service training programs are based on the idea that:

Good service keeps customers coming back

Problems with basic skills training programs

HRD professionals generally think the lack of literacy is a problem that affects many people, management tends to think that lack of literacy is a problem, but affects only some people

Safety Metrics

Lost work day index, OSHA record able rate (3.6 days/100 employees/year), days away, restricted or job transferred (DART), lost time rate

Technical/skills training

Most are specific to job, process, or equipment. Can be general, such as new policies & procedures on waste disposal

Statistical Process Control (SPC)

Most processes demonstrate variation in output, important to determine if variation is normal or abnormal, focuses on identifying & correcting abnormal variations

Basic skills/literacy programs

Prose literacy; ability to understand & use information from texts. Document literacy; ability to locate & use information contained in non-textual materials. Quantitative literacy; ability to apply arithmetic operations

Which of the following is considered a basic employee skill?

Reading

Most common interpersonal skills training

Team building, listening skills, delegation skills

Which of the following is NOT a factor in the growing skills gap?

The aging of the workforce

The skills gap

The difference between the skill requirements of available jobs & the skills possessed by job applicants

Technical training would include training in operating a computer-driven machine

True

The role of the HRD group in continuing education for employees is to enable the effective & equitable distribution of continuing education, be a resource provider, and monitor that training is going as planned

True

2000-2014

Workforce Investment Act

The Worker Adjustment & Retraining Notification Act (WARN) requires:

60 days notice of plant closures for employers with over 100 employees

The partnership in joint training programs is between company management &

A labor union

Interpersonal Skills Training; skills needed

Communication, customer relations, selling, teamwork

Factors affecting a skills gap

Declining skill levels of many high school & college graduates, growing number of minority & non-english speaking immigrant workers, increased sophistication of jobs

HRD's Roles in Continuing Education (CE)

Enable; foster effective distribution of CE throughout organization

Different levels of skills training

Entry-level; basic skills & procedures, advanced training; update employee skills, specific skills improvement & new equipment/procedure training

OSHA

Establishes safety standards, conducts safety inspections, grants safety variances as appropriate & cites violations

Unions have little interest in training their workers, as that is the job of the organization that hires them

False

In-House literacy programs

If schools dont do it, organizations must. 2 characteristics; aptitude tests & small-group or one-on-one tutoring

Sales training goals

Increased team productivity, lower turnover, enhanced communication within & between all organizational levels, better morale, better customer relations

Why interpersonal skills training is needed

Increased use of team-based approach to accomplishing work

Team Building/Training

Increased use of teams as basic organizational element. Task skills are needed for accomplishing a teams work objectives & process skills are how to work in a team & maintain team relationships

Customer Relations/ Service Training

Introduce customer service training throughout organization, train front line personnel in interpersonal skills & operational practices

Computer Training

Introductory; focuses on basic tasks, overcomes fear of computers. Applications; specific software used by company, provided "as needed" for position

Role of Labor Unions in Training

Joint training programs; safety & health, job skills, communication skills & displace worker assistance are most common

Concerns with apprenticeship training

Learning based on time requirements, rather than competency, programs isolated from other programs, concentrated in blue-collar occupations & little concern for post-apprenticeship period

Which of the following is NOT a problem with the current apprenticeship system?

Learning is based on gaining competency rather than time spent within the apprenticeship

Phase 2 for quality training; In-depth Training

Process skills; work coordination, problem solving, conflict resolution. Quality skills; techniques & tools to improve quality

Apprenticeship training

Provide skills to meet continually changing job requirements

Job Training & Partnership Act (JTPA)

Provided funding to private training institutes & industry, problems included fraud & too focused on narrow population

Quality training

Providing the product the customer needs when he/she needs it, at a cost the customer thinks is reasonable. Need to provide a continuous quality improvement program

Safety training needs for production workers

Recognizing, avoiding & preventing unsafe conditions, how to use/handle dangerous machinery, tools, substances & controlling hazards

Reasons for poor transfer to the workplace

Resistance to change, unclear objectives, few rewards to use new skills

HRD's roles in CE

Resource provider; tuition aid, compensation for travel expenses. Monitor; assess CE to ensure professional development process is working as desired

Issues with computer training

Self-efficacy; individuals beliefs that he/she can successfully perform the task. Cognitive playfulness; spontaneity, imagination & exploratory approach brought to learning. Training format; recommended

Ongoing needs in the workplace

Skilled workers, professional employees, problem solving, decision making, team members, interpersonal skills

Safety program needs

Top management support & reinforcement, employee involvement, regular & recurrent safety training, effective safety monitoring

Phase 1 for quality training; Quality Awareness

Training managers in concept of quality improvement

ISO 9000 Training Requirements

Training needs identification process, documentation & ready for inspection every 6-12 months

Over 20% of U.S adults can be classified as below basic in "quantitative literacy" which is the knowledge & skills needed to apply the arithmetical operations of addition, subtraction, multiplication & division

True

Traditional sales techniques are being replaced by more consultative approaches

True

School-to-work programs

Vary according to states, combines middle school, high school & technical schools. Provides trained labor pool, better public image & potential eligibility for tax credits

2015

Workforce Innovation & Opportunity Act; consolidated more than 70 existing programs, gave greater control at the local level & gave greater accountability to training providers

Hazardous Communication Standards

Written policy needed, use OSHA posters, material safety data sheets (MSDS), MSDS notebooks available to all, hazardous material labels, prepare safety manual

The three major funding systems for the WIA (Workforce Investment Act) are

Youth, adults & displaced workers

The lost work day index (LWDI) is

the number of workdays missed due to personal injury divided by the total number of employees times 100