Test 1 (Ch. 3, 5, 6, 7)

what is the normal eructation rate in a normal cow?

18 per hour

A horse's height is measured by hands with one hand being equal to......

4 inches

Normal rectal temp for an adult thoroughbred horse.

99-101.5

a method of evaluating nutritional status

Body Condition Score

T/ F The medical record should document only patient information not communication with the owner.

False

T/F Hyperemia of the gingiva is usually caused by dehydration

False. Hyperemia of the MM can occur in stressed animals or can be seen in hyperdynamic states, such as the early phase of septic shock

T/F All cranial nerves can be evaluated on a neurologic exam

False. Olfactory (I) is not tested because response to scent is hard to evaluate. The spinal accessory nerve (XI) is not evaluated.

PLR tests what cranial nerves

II and III

T/F Most murmurs heard in horses are ejection murmurs and are not signs of valvular abnormalities

True

T/F Normal horses cannot breath through their mouth

True

T/F Pings are normal findings when auscultating a ruminant's abdomen

True

T/F The canine uterus cannot be palpated unless it is enlarged

True

T/F The medical record is a legal document.

True

T/F When ruminants breath through their mouth it is usually a sign of distress or heat stress

True

T/F normal tracheal airflow is turbulent, and the respiratory sounds should be loud and harsh

True

T/F The liver cannot be palpated in a healthy animal

True. It can only be palpated if there is a mass or if it is enlarged.

Which is the typical period of socialization in the kitten? a. 2 to 7 weeks of age b. 5 to 9 weeks of age c. 10 to 20 weeks of age d. 1 to 3 weeks of age

a. 2 to 7 weeks of age

Which of the following would be considered a medical record notation? a. A conversation with a referring veterinarian b. The patient's treatment plan c. The heart and respiratory rate of the animal d. The animal's weight

a. A conversation with a referring veterinarian

What should be the next step if a limb is found to be painful upon examination? a. Check the corresponding limb on the opposite side b. Schedule an MRI c. Perform regional limb analgesia d. Perform ultrasound-guided tenectomy

a. Check the corresponding limb on the opposite side

___________ conditioning occurs when a neutral stimulus comes to elicit a reflexive response when paired with a stimulus that normally elicits the response. a. Classical b. Neutral c. Counter d. Operant

a. Classical

Voice commands usually work very well with which of these animals? a. Dogs b. Sheep c. Cats d. Rabbits

a. Dogs

Sudden withdrawal of reinforcement, especially of a behavior that has been reinforced for a long time, leads to a certain amount of frustration in the animal and often leads to greatly increased frequency of the behavior initially. This is called ______. a. extinction burst b. negative burst c. extinction expectation d. negative reinforcement

a. Extinction burst

Which device when used for restraint reduces our tactile feel when holding an animal? a. Gauntlets b. Towel c. Capture pole d. Muzzle

a. Gauntlets

The gingival mucous membranes are important areas for a veterinary technician to assess during a physical examination. What may the capillary refill time (CRT) of <1 second indicate? a. Hypertension b. Anemia c. Hypotension d. Hypoperfusion

a. Hypertension

Which small animal can climb its own tail, which can be a biting hazard to the restrainer? a. Mouse b. Ferret c. Cat d. Hamster

a. Mouse

How can you distract a ferret from nonpainful procedures such as nail trims? a. Put a liquid treat on its abdomen b. Blow puffs of air into its face c. Jiggling its skin d. Caveman pets

a. Put a liquid treat on its abdomen

In which type of medical record systems is patient information is kept together by subject matter? a. SOVMR b. SOAP c. POVMR d. VCPR

a. SOVMR

Which of the following is true regarding inter-cat aggression? a. Staring between cats often precedes an aggressive act. b. A hissing cat is showing dominance to a submissive cat. c. It is easy to differentiate between feline aggression and playing. d. An attacking cat will hold its tail still in a low position.

a. Staring between cats often precedes an aggressive act.

Veterinary technicians must recognize behavioral changes associated with an animal's stress for all of the following reasons except a. Stress is not felt or exhibited by animals b. Stress is exhibited by animals in a variety of forms c. Stress and illness are correlated d. Stress can cause aggressive or protective behaviors

a. Stress is not felt or exhibited by animals

Which is involved with the "take away" method of behavior modification? a. Take away an object valued by the offending animal. b. Take the animal away from the area when a disturbance occurs. c. Take away meals for a day when a pet violates its training. d. Take the animal to a kennel if it does not learn to behave.

a. Take away an object valued by the offending animal.

Which of the following should a receptionist obtain from the owner of a pet that is to undergo surgery or some other procedure requiring anesthesia? a. The client's schedule for the day. b. Information on the pet's susceptibility to anesthesia. c. The owner's preference for disposal of the pet's body should it not survive the procedure. d. A credit card.

a. The client's schedule for the day.

What does the American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) require in regard to hard copy backups of patient medical records? a. They should be stored in 8 ´ 10 inch folders b. They do not require a hard copy at all c. They should be locked away in a storage container d. They should be inaccessible to most of the veterinary staff

a. They should be stored in 8 ´ 10 inch folders

All of the following are components of a patient's signalment except: a. Weight b. Reproductive status c. Breed d. Age

a. Weight

While taking a behavior-specific history, the veterinary technician should ask a. What did your pet do? b. What was your pet feeling? c. Do you think your pet felt guilty? d. What was your pet thinking?

a. What did your pet do?

A dog's head dropped lower than its shoulders, tail straight out, and looking right at you indicates a dog that is a. aggressive. b. frightened. c. nervous. d. normal and well adjusted.

a. aggressive

The SOAP method of medical recordkeeping stands for all except a. animal. b. planning. c. objective. d. subjective.

a. animal

The key to a good physical examination is a. careful completion of all parts of the examination every time it is performed. b. completing it once a year. c. being sure to evaluate only the chief complaint to increase efficiency. d. evaluating only the systems that are medically pertinent.

a. careful completion of all parts of the examination every time it is performed.

Taking a behavior-specific history can be challenging because a. clients anthropomorphize their pet's behavior. b. clients do not think their pet's behavior is important. c. clients do not understand their pet's behavior. d. clients do not want to talk about their pet's behavior.

a. clients anthropomorphize their pet's behavior.

The chest piece on most stethoscopes consists of two sides: a flat side called the _________ and a cup-shaped side called the bell. a. diaphragm b. diode c. acoustic piece d. chest piece

a. diaphragm

With most small mammals, the first impulse when frightened is to a. flee. b. defecate. c. "freeze." d. bite.

a. flee

Which may cause a weak peripheral pulse? a. hypovolemia b. stertor c. hypothermia d. ileus

a. hypovolemia

Severe hyperthermia a. is a body temperature >107° F. b. is a body temperature <90° F c. is not a medical emergency. d. can be caused by hypothyroidism.

a. is a body temperature >107° F.

Reportable diseases a. maybe dangerous for the public or for the widespread health of animals. b. should be recorded in the animal's medical records only. c. are not seen on the North American continent. d. do not take precedent over the confidentiality of an animal's medical records.

a. maybe dangerous for the public or for the widespread health of animals.

The terms positive reinforcement a. means something is given to the animal. b. means only positive attitudes are used. c. means it is a positive experience for the animal. d. is the only correct way to train an animal.

a. means something is given to the animal.

If blood needs to be collected from an aggressive cat, it would be safer to use the a. medial saphenous vein. b. metatarsal vein. c. cephalic vein. d. jugular vein.

a. medial saphenous vein.

What does a sinus arrhythmia indicate in a dog? a. normal cardiac function b. cardiomyopathy c. congestive heart failure d. shock

a. normal cardiac function

The acronym VCPR contains all of the following words except a. pet. b. relationship. c. client. d. veterinary.

a. pet

Inside the pinnae is a common place to recognize ______________, which is indicative of a primary hemostatic defect (such as thrombocytopenia). a. petechiation b. uveitis c. excoriation d. alopecia

a. petechiation

Absence of a palpable pulse (or a significant change in pulse quality) accompanied by an audible heartbeat is called a _____________. a. pulse deficit b. hypocardia c. thready pulse d. pulse pressure

a. pulse deficit

The animals signalment includes all except a. registration number. b. age. c. breed. d. reproductive status.

a. registration number

VCPR occurs when all of the following conditions have been met except a. the veterinarian is travelling but has provided the client with a phone number at which the veterinarian can be reached in the event of an emergency. b. the veterinarian has recently seen and is personally acquainted with keeping and care of the animal(s) by virtue of an examination of the animal, or through medically appropriate and timely visits to the premises where the animal is kept. c. the veterinarian has sufficient knowledge of the animal to initiate at least a general or preliminary diagnosis of the medical condition of the animal. d. the veterinarian has assumed responsibility for making clinical judgments regarding the health of the animal.

a. the veterinarian is travelling but has provided the client with a phone number at which the veterinarian can be reached in the event of an emergency.

In general, veterinary medical records are the property of a. the veterinary practice. b. the staff who provided care to the animal. c. the patient. d. the client.

a. the veterinary practice

Petechiation inside the pinna may be a sign of which disorder? a. thrombocytopenia b. otitis externa c. hematoma d. otitis media

a. thrombocytopenia

Nystagmus often suggests that a lesion is located where in the patient? a. Vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VIII) b. Optic nerve (CN II) c. sciatic nerve d. nasal passage

a. vestibulocochlear nerve (CN VII)

Displacement behaviors often appear to imply the pet is relaxing but should not be misinterpreted by veterinary personnel. All of the following are displacement behaviors except a. wagging the tail in a dog. b. yawning in a dog. c. grooming in a cat. d. licking lips in a dog.

a. wagging the tail in a dog.

a technique used to detect abdominal gas accumulations

abdominal pinging

hair loss

alopecia

a heart defect associated with narrowing of the outflow tract of the left ventricle

aortic stenosis

incoordination

ataxia

referring to the ear

aural

referring to the "armpit"

axillary

Each quadrant of the lungs should be auscultated through at least ________ to _______ respiratory cycles of inspiration and expiration. a. four; five b. two; three c. one; two d. three; four

b, two; three

Pyometra most often occurs a. in intact male dogs. b. 2 weeks to 2 months after a heat cycle. c. after parturition. d. following the development of mammary tumors.

b. 2 weeks to 2 months after a heat cycle.

What technique can be used on a cat that is objecting vigorously to an IV injection into the femoral vein? a. Sitting position with a hand on the neck and both front legs held b. A back leg sticking out of a burrito-wrapped towel c. Sternal recumbency with the front legs over the edge of the table d. Cat muzzle and scruffing the neck with the cat in lateral recumbency

b. A back leg sticking out of a burrito-wrapped towel

Which teeth on the cat cause the deepest puncture wounds if you are bitten? a. Incisors b. Canines c. Molars d. Premolars

b. Canines

___________________ is the process used to substitute an alternative emotional response or behavior that is incompatible with the problem behavior or emotional response you are trying to eliminate. a. Respondent learning b. Counter conditioning c. Continuous reinforcement d. Systematic desensitization

b. Counter conditioning

It is important to recognize the signs of a nervous cat that is likely to react poorly to handling. All of the following are signs of a nervous cat include except a. Crouching low and staying toward the back of its carrier or cage. b. Direct eye contact is made with the handler. c. Vocalization (hissing, growling, etc...). d. Ears are pulled back.

b. Direct eye contact is made with the handler.

____________ is the position of the lower eyelid when it is rolling outward away from the eye. a. Distichia b. Ectropion c. Uveitis d. Entropion

b. Ectropion

Which of the following activities represent play-related aggression? a. Biting when approached b. Mouthing c. Improper urination d. Growling when approached

b. Mouthing

Pet behavior problems rooted in fear or anxiety are often exhibited through effects of what type of learning? a. Conditioned b. Respondent c. Operant d. Negative

b. Respondent

Which occurs first in dogs, sexual or social maturity? a. They both occur concurrently b. Sexual maturity c. There is no such thing as social maturity d. Social maturity

b. Sexual maturity

Which of the following organs would most likely be palpable when performing abdominal palpation on a healthy dog? a. Gallbladder b. Spleen c. Stomach d. Liver

b. Spleen

One of the most important things to remember about reinforcement and punishment is that they must be defined by their effects, not by intended function. Which is an example of this that can be used to educate clients? a. Using a squirt bottle to discourage a dog's behavior is not an example of negative reinforcement. b. Using a squirt bottle to discourage a dog's behavior is aversive only if the dog does not like it. c. Using a squirt bottle to discourage a dog's behavior is always aversive. d. Using a squirt bottle to discourage a dog's behavior is cruel and should not be done.

b. Using a squirt bottle to discourage a dog's behavior is aversive only if the dog does not like it.

Damage to which cranial nerve is associated with deficits in facial skin tone? a. VIII b. VII c. IX d. VI

b. VII

For veterinary treatment, friendly cats are best restrained by a. the owner. b. applying minimal physical restraint. c. a sharp tone of voice. d. placing them into a cat bag.

b. applying minimal physical restraint.

New dog introductions should be performed a. in the owner's home. b. at an area away from the owner's residence. c. ideally, 100% on leash. d. without the owner present.

b. at an area away from the owner's residence.

Although heart valve positions in dogs are similar to those in _________, abnormal heart sounds in the latter are more commonly auscultated in the sternal area. a. dogs b. cats c. horses d. cattle

b. cats

If a dog escapes from the clinic, veterinary personnel should first a. approach the dog from over its head to grab at its leash. b. follow the dog from a safe distance and give it time to calm down. c. lunge with your arms raised to deter the dog. d. chase the dog and catch it quickly.

b. follow the dog from a safe distance and give it time to calm down.

Associations that are ________ will be learned most readily. a. inconsistently displayed b. highly predictable c. random d. frequently occurring

b. highly predictable

What causes the jugular veins to be distended all the way up to the neck? a. hypotension b. increased central venous pressure c. dehydration d. anemia

b. increased central venous pressure

A clinical finding that indicates glaucoma is _____. a. increased interocular pressure b. increased intraocular pressure c. decreased intraocular pressure d. decreased interocular pressure

b. increased intraocular pressure

Black walnut shavings may cause which problem in horses? a. colic b. laminitis c. thrush d. asthma

b. laminitis

An appropriate size crate to instruct a client to buy for their dog would be one that is a. twice as large as the dog's full height and large enough so that it can turn around and lie down with its legs outstretched. b. large enough for the dog to stand at its full height, turn around, or lie down with its legs outstretched. c. as large as will fit in your space as long as the dog can lie in it. d. as big as you can get.

b. large enough for the dog to stand at its full height, turn around, or lie down with its legs outstretched.

One of the most important messages that veterinary technicians can share with pet owners is a. pets' behaviors cannot be changed. b. pets act based upon whether a previous action made them feel good or bad. c. pets act out of a sense of morality, out of knowing "right" vs. "wrong." d. pets often act out of spite to punish their owners.

b. pets act based upon whether a previous action made them feel good or bad.

During a physical examination on a dog, which heart valves can be auscultated on the left side of the chest? a. tricuspid, mitral b. pulmonic, aortic, mitral c. pulmonic, aortic d. tricuspid, aortic, mitral

b. pulmonic, aortic, mitral

The ________ is an easy place to examine for the yellow discoloration seen with icterus. a. conjunctiva b. sclera c. nictitating membrane d. iris

b. sclera

When collecting blood from the jugular vein of a dog, the most appropriate restraint technique is a. lateral recumbency. b. sternal recumbency. c. transverse recumbency. d. ventral-dorsal recumbency.

b. sternal recumbency

Muzzles are often safe and effective for restraining uncooperative dogs; however, be sure a. the muzzle is tight enough so you cannot see the dogs tongue. b. the dog can still pant in order to cool itself. c. the dog can easily get it off, if need be. d. not to apply a muzzle until the dog has snapped at someone.

b. the dog can still pant in order to cool itself.

Large dogs may have to be examined on the floor. This is not ideal because a. the floor is dirty. b. the dog may feel threatened as you lean over it. c. the dog has less mobility. d. it is harder for a client to see what you are doing.

b. the dog may feel threatened as you lean over it.

A pulse deficit occurs in which situation? a. when the HR is less than the pulse rate b. when the HR exceeds the pulse rate c. whenever the pulse slows down d. whenever the pulse is weaker than normal

b. when the HR exceeds the pulse rate

Felix has no allergies to any medications as far as I am aware

background information

excessive grooming that damages hair and skin

barbering

intestinal motility sound

borborygmus

How should follow-up after a surgery be completed? a. The client should always return to the clinic 30 days after surgery b. Wait until the client contacts the clinic c. A technician should give the client a call several days after discharge d. The veterinary technician should personally visit the client the day after discharge

c. A technician should give the client a call several days after discharge

_______________ reinforcement is the best way to teach an animal a new behavior. It leads to a very rapid learned response. a. Positive b. Negative c. Continuous d. Intermittent

c. Continuous

The MAOR, also known as a ward treatment sheet, is used to ensure that hospitalized patients are given treatments, diagnostic tests, and diet as requested by the attending veterinarian. When a medication was inadvertently not given what should be done? a. Administer the medication twice the next time. b. Put a line through the blank box. c. Enter the letters "NG" into the box d. Do not write in the blank box.

c. Enter the letters "NG" into the box

_________, also known as response blocking, is a technique that exposes an animal to a fearful stimulus at full intensity and prevents the animal from escaping until it ceases to be fearful. a. Resource guarding b. Counter conditioning c. Flooding d. Continuous reinforcement

c. Flooding

Which would not be a commonly accepted "Rule of Thumb" regarding medical record keeping? a. If it is not legible written, it was not documented b. If it is not written down, it did not happen c. If it is not written in blue ink, it was not documented d. If any part of the record was tampered with, the entire record integrity is questionable

c. If it is not written in blue ink, it was not documented

Which of the following statements regarding venipuncture is the most accurate? a. It can result in intravascular placement of the needle if the patient moves. b. It should always be done under sedation to ensure a still patient. c. It is most painful at the point where the skin and vein is pierced. d. It should be performed using the maximum level of restraint to ensure a still patient.

c. It is most painful at the point where the skin and vein is pierced.

All of the following statements about the problem-oriented veterinary medical record (POVMR) are true except a. Notes written by the veterinarian focus on identifying the cause of illness and subsequently a cure. b. Notes are entered on progress forms using the SOAP format. c. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) will not certify a veterinary facility that uses POVMRs. d. Notes written by the veterinary technician focus on the patient's psychological and physiologic reactions to the malady.

c. The American Animal Hospital Association (AAHA) will not certify a veterinary facility that uses POVMRs.

Who is responsible for injuries incurred by veterinary technicians while they are performing duties on a patient on a farm? a. The farmer b. The technician c. The practice owner d. The township where the farm is located

c. The practice owner

Why cannot the kidneys normally be palpated in a canine? a. They lie too far cranially. b. The spleen prevents proper isolation. c. They are covered in fat. d. They are diffuse and hard to identify.

c. They are covered in fat.

Completion of the _______ portion of the SOAP notes requires analysis of all subjective and objective data that have been gathered thus far. a. objective b. plan c. assessment d. subjective

c. assessment

When discussing a case, signalment is used to a. accurately identify which patient is being discussed. b. focus in on medical condition more common to that group of animal. c. both A and B are correct. d. neither A nor B is correct.

c. both A and B are correct.

An axillary or aural temperature a. is as accurate as a rectal temperature. b. should be the first choice when obtaining a temperature. c. can be used if medically necessary. d. two of the above are correct.

c. can be used if medically necessary.

A _______ animal is unresponsive to any stimuli, while a _______ animal only responds to offensive stimulation such as pain. a. dull; comatose b. quiet; comatose c. comatose; stuperous d. stuperous; dull

c. comatose; stuperous

__________ forms document in writing an understanding between the veterinary practice and the pet owner. They outline specific conditions, risks of procedures, and responsibilities of both parties. a. Hospital b. Agreement c. Consent d. Payment

c. consent

Another name for the provision of exercises and materials that stimulate physical and mental activity is environmental ________. a. enhancement b. activity c. enrichment d. stimulation

c. enrichment

In order to reduce stress levels in cats the practice should a. not have veterinary personnel wash their hands before touching the pet. b. put the cat in the first available examination room even if it is not cleaned yet. c. establish a cat-only examination room. d. leave other cat smells in the examination room to comfort the pet.

c. establish a cat-only examination room.

In a clinic setting, most aggressive behaviors in dogs and cats can be classified as ___________________. a. pain aggression b. poor socialization c. fear aggression d. dominance aggression

c. fear aggression

Systematic desensitization is a procedure by which we change a dog's emotional response to a stimulus. This is done by ________. a. quickly decreasing exposure to the stimulus. b. quickly increasing exposure to the stimulus. c. gradually increasing exposure to the stimulus. d. gradually decreasing exposure to the stimulus.

c. gradually increasing exposure to the stimulus.

Diseases of the oral cavity may cause a. hepatitis. b. halitomegaly. c. halitosis. d. hepatomegaly.

c. halitosis

Pulses are generally evaluated using the femoral artery, which is located a. in the aural region. b. in the axillary region. c. in the inguinal region. d. in the cervical region.

c. in the inguinal region

The _____________ includes the major medical disorders experienced by a patient during its lifetime. Each problem represents a conclusion or a decision resulting from examination, investigation, and analysis of the database. a. medical record b. SOAP form c. master problem list d. clinical pathology log

c. master problem list

Solid wooden panels called hurdles are best used as a herding device for a. goats. b. llamas. c. pigs. d. sheep.

c. pigs

Retropulsed means a. flushing fluid through an IV catheter. b. the period of time after taking a pulse. c. pushing backwards, such as on the eyes. d. historical data about a pulse.

c. pushing backwards, such as on the eyes

The ________________ period maybe one of the most critical periods of development for a dog. Ideally, all puppies should be exposed to a large variety of the environmental features that they are likely to encounter as an adult during this period. a. developmental b. fearful c. socialization d. neonatal

c. socialization

Standing between a dog and its owner should be avoided at first because a. the dog needs to be near its owner. b. the dog wants to see its owner but will be looking at you. c. the dog may try to protect or guard its owner. d. the dog will think you are trying to trick him.

c. the dog may try to protect or guard its owner.

inflammation of the large bowel

colitis

What duration of time should encompass an active medical record? a. 1 year b. 5 years c. 8 years d. 3 years

d. 3 years

Periodically, the collection of medical records should be reviewed and purged of files that are not in current use. Although each veterinary hospital has its own review and purging schedule, it is generally accepted that old files that have not been in use for ___ or more maybe shredded. a. 10 years b. these are legal documents and can never be shredded c. 3 years d. 8 years

d. 8 years

Which organization is responsible the awarding technicians a specialist certifications in animal behavior? a. AVMA b. ACVB c. NAVTA d. AVBT

d. AVBT

All animal regardless of their age can be habituated to procedures that require handling. Veterinary technicians should show all owners how to habituate their animals to all but which of the following procedures? a. Standing for physical examinations b. Eye and ear examinations c. Hoof and paw handling d. All are important for good quality health care

d. All are important for good quality health care

Medical records are considered confidential and any information in them is also confidential. Which of the following breaches this confidentiality? a. Posting interesting things you have seen throughout the day on Facebook or other social media with client and patient information. b. Discussing medical information with others at the grocery store. c. Discussing medical information with those who are not a part of your veterinary medical team. d. All of the above.

d. All of the above

What is the term for the presence of different sizes of a patient's pupils? a. Entropion b. Strabismus c. Exophthalmos d. Anisocoria

d. Anisocoria

_____________ is the part of the eye behind the cornea but in front of the iris and should normally be clear. a. Cornea b. Internal chamber c. Sclera d. Anterior chamber

d. Anterior chamber

__________________ learning occurs when an animal forms a learned association between two features or events. a. Amenistic b. Agreement c. Animal d. Associative

d. Associative

When should discussion about a pet's behavioral and development needs begin with the pet's owner? a. At 6 months of age b. Once a behavior issue arises c. At 1 year of age d. At the first veterinary appointment

d. At the first veterinary appointment

__________________ staining is usually required for recognition of a corneal ulcer. a. Wrights b. Geisma c. Anisocoria d. Fluorescein

d. Fluorescein

Which option is best to use for lifting a 90-lb pregnant dog? a. One arm around the chest and the other around the back legs b. One arm around the neck and one under the abdomen c. Putting the front legs on a table and boosting the back end up d. One person controlling the neck and chest the other controlling the abdomen and rear

d. One person controlling the neck and chest the other controlling the abdomen and rear

Which of the following lymph nodes can be examined for irregular size and shape through external palpation of a normal animal? a. Retropharyngeal b. Intramesenteric c. Mediastinal d. Popliteal

d. Popliteal

Which of the following is a component of proper use of positive punishment in behavior modification? a. Punishment should be performed every 2 or 3 times the behavior occurs. b. Remote punishment should be used whenever possible. c. Punishment should occur within an hour of the behavior. d. Punishment should not be severe enough to cause the pet to be fearful.

d. Punishment should not be severe enough to cause the pet to be fearful.

_______________ behaviors (those acquired by classical conditioning) are involuntary or reflexive types of behaviors. a. Operant b. Neutral c. Despondent d. Respondent

d. Respondent

When performing an eye examination, which of the following internal structures requires some specialized equipment to adequately view? a. Cornea b. Anterior chamber c. Iris d. Retina

d. Retina

Which component of the nervous system is activated when an animal reacts with alert upon being handled? a. Somatic b. Voluntary c. Parasympathetic d. Sympathetic

d. Sympathetic

What is an important advantage of electronic medical records compared to hard copy versions? a. They produce permanent records b. They are cheap c. They are all user friendly d. They allow for multiple viewers simultaneously

d. They allow for multiple viewers simultaneously

Which of the following statements is not typically considered true with regard to the respiratory examination of a companion animal? a. Lack of dorsal lung sounds may indicate pneumothorax. b. Lack of ventral lung sounds may indicate pleural effusion. c. Pulmonary edema may present as inspiratory crackles. d. Thin-bodied dogs are harder to auscultate than muscular-bodied dogs.

d. Thin-bodied dogs are harder to auscultate than muscular-bodied dogs.

What is the purpose of using feline facial pheromone spray? a. To cause listless cats to become alert b. To keep cats away c. To cause cats to hold their breath during auscultation d. To cause cats to relax

d. To cause cats to relax

The abbreviation BAR a. reflects an animal's mentation status. b. is a shorthand notation for bright, alert, and responsive. c. cannot be used in a medical record. d. a and b

d. a and b

In hardcopy medical records, errors should NOT be a. scratched out. b. erased. c. blotted out with marker. d. all of the above.

d. all of the above

Informed consent means the client or the client's representative has been educated about a. the pet's malady, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment options, and with regard to justification for the cost of treatment. b. in-clinic and home care, monitoring procedures and follow-up procedures. c. emergency procedures and preventive health care plans. d. all of the above.

d. all of the above

Logs kept throughout the hospital serve to a. provide additional documentation for legal support. b. provide data for quick analysis and retrospective studies. c. record daily activity with regard to a particular aspect of the hospital d. all of the above.

d. all of the above

When obtaining the medical history, be sure to get all of the following information about medications the animal is taking except a. type of medication. b. dose and frequency of medication. c. duration for which the medication has been given. d. all of the above.

d. all of the above

Reducing stress to any animal receiving medical care is important because a. it creates a safer environment for the staff. b. it means medical care can be given more efficiently. c. it creates a safer environment for the patient d. all of the above are true.

d. all of the above are true.

A leading cause of pet relinquishment to animal shelters is a. owners report becoming allergic to the animals. b. owners report medical problems with the pet. c. owners can no longer afford them. d. behavior problems reported by owners.

d. behavior problems reported by owners.

Before attempting to remove a dog or cat from its cage, the first consideration is to a. find an escape route for yourself. b. talk to it in a loud, commanding voice. c. have a sedative injection ready for administration. d. close all escape routes.

d. close all escape routes.

Farm animal veterinarians keep _____ immunization records on large numbers of animals. a. individual b. only handwritten c. no d. combined herd

d. combined herd

To obtain an animal's respiratory rate most commonly you should a. count for 60 seconds and then multiply by 10. b. count for 15 seconds and then multiply by 10 c. count for 30 seconds and then multiply by 4. d. count for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4.

d. count for 15 seconds and then multiply by 4.

The best way to pick up a rabbit is by a. placing a hand around rabbit's chest, lifting while supporting the rear end. b. grasping the ears, lifting while supporting the rear end. c. grasping the hind legs, lifting while supporting the front end. d. grasping around and under the scruff, lifting while supporting the rear end.

d. grasping around and under the scruff, lifting while supporting the rear end.

Distraction techniques work extremely well on a. cattle. b. sheep. c. pigs. d. horses.

d. horses.

Sedatives, which may have to be used in order to treat a patient, a. will not affect physical parameters of the patient. b. make it easy to assess the patient's pain level. c. make it easy to assess the patient's mental status. d. may change physical parameters of the patient.

d. may change physical parameters of the patient.

When taking a patient history, it is important to ask open ended questions. An open ended question is one that a. potentially guides the client to an answer. b. can be answered with a yes or no to speed up history taking. c. might generate missed information by leading the client. d. requires clients to fill in the information themselves.

d. requires clients to fill in the information themselves.

Dogs may normally have a slight variation in heart rhythm, such that the heart rate increases slightly during inspiration and decreases slightly during expiration. This is called ______________, and it is a sign that a dog has normal cardiac function. a. respiratory sinus rhythm b. respiratory rhythm c. sinus arrhythmia d. respiratory sinus arrhythmia

d. respiratory sinus arrhythmia

Which is caused by a cardiovascular problem? a. glycosuria b. stertor c. colitis d. shock

d. shock

A quick visual inspection of the patient a. cannot provide much important information. b. wastes valuable time. c. produces findings that should not be recorded in the medical record. d. should be part of every physical examination.

d. should be part of every physical examination.

Medical records maybe used as legal documents therefore written entries a. should not include any abbreviations b. do not require the full date and time. c. need to be signed after each entry with a full signature. d. should be signed or initialed by the author, and the author's credentials.

d. should be signed or initialed by the author, and the author's credentials.

Which may be a sign of upper airway disease? a. ileus b. ataxia c. pyometra d. stertor

d. stertor

If a pet seems to be stressed by the restraint you are using a. ask the owner to leave the room. b. avoid distractions like food or treats. c. apply more restraint and work more quickly. d. take a break and consider using different restraint techniques.

d. take a break and consider using different restraint techniques.

Medical records can be transferred to another veterinary hospital at the owners' request. When doing so, it is recommended that a. the records be copied and handed to the owner for transport. b. the records be given to the successive veterinarian. c. the records be given to the owner. d. the records be copied and mailed or e-mailed to the successive veterinarian.

d. the records be copied and mailed or e-mailed to the successive veterinarian.

Veterinary technicians should advise cat owners to reduce travel related stress for their pets by doing all of the following except a. feeding the cat treats in its carrier. b. acclimating their cat to its carrier. c. leaving the carrier open while at home. d. using the carrier only for veterinary visits.

d. using the carrier only for veterinary visits.

skin lesions caused by scratching

excoriation

From which vessel is the pulse most commonly felt in the horse?

facial artery

T/F an animal in hypovolemic shock will have a strong pulse pressure

false. hypovolemia is decreased circulating blood volume. In general, a weak peripheral pulse is indicative of poor perfusion and may be caused by decreased cardiac output (hypovolemia) or increased peripheral resistance (as in shock)

elevated body temperature

fever

the presence of sugar in the urine

glucosuria

foul odor to the breath

halitosis

occurs when heat dissipating mechanisms cannot overcome excessive ambient temperatures

hyperthermia

a result of impaired thermoregulation in any sick animal, such as a cat with chronic renal failure

hypothermia

decreased circulating blood volume

hypovolemia

yellow mucous membranes

icterus

What term refers to the absence of intestinal sounds and may be noted in the horse?

ileus

complete absence of intestinal motility

ileus

Pepper was feeling well until last Tuesday

last normal

I am giving Sparticus hairball medicine twice a week

medications

mental activity of a patient

mentation

the nostrils

nares

What is seen in an animal that is obtunded?

not interested in surroundings

Chloe got an infection 2 years ago from a cat bite and had a cold when she was a baby

past pertinent medical history

a congenital heart defect that results in "bounding" pulses

patent ductus arteriosis

capillary refill time is used to assess which condition?

perfusion

abnormal movement of abdominal contents through the pelvic diaphragm

perineal hernia

Which term refers to increased fluid in the thoracic cavity?

pleural effusion

condition that causes a lack of lung sounds in the ventral lung fields

pleural effusion

a condition that causes a lack of lung sounds in the dorsal lung fields

pneumothorax

an adjective indicating increased water intake

polydipsic

I brought Wizer in today because she started vomiting about a week ago

presenting complaint

Rocky was vomiting about once a day for a few days but is now vomiting a couple of times a day

progression

itchy

pruritic

abnormal fluid buildup within the lung tissue

pulmonary edema

an audible heartbeat without a pulse

pulse deficit

a physical indication of the difference between the systolic and diastolic arterial pressure

pulse pressure

What is a sign of a bacterial skin infection?

pustules

a disease condition that causes an enlarged uterus because of buildup of pus

pyometra

enlargement of the kidneys

renomegaly

decreased perfusion and oxygen delivery to tissues

shock

Bella is 3 years old and was spayed at 6 months of age

signalment

the age, sex, breed, color, and reproductive status of an animal

signalment

inspiratory noise similar to snoring

stertor

harsh, high pitched respiratory sound

stridor

I don't see any change in the amount of water Max is drinking or the amount of urine in the box

systems review