Test 2 (Part 1)
The parents of an 8-year-old boy are interested in promoting learning through reading to their son. Which suggestion by the nurse would best promote this goal? A) Have the parents choose what he should read initially. B) Tell the child to read instead of watching TV with his parents. C) Tell the parents that reading is for the child to do by himself. D) Take the child to the library to check out some books.
D) Take the child to the library to check out some books.
The nurse is caring for a child who is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN) for failure to thrive. Which nursing action might the nurse take to prevent complications from this therapy? A) Adhere to clean technique when caring for the catheter and administering TPN. B) Ensure that the system remains an open system at all times. C) Secure all connections and open the catheter during tubing and cap changes. D) Use occlusive dressings and chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge dressings.
D) Use occlusive dressings and chlorhexidine-impregnated sponge dressings.
The mother of a 14-year-old girl complains to the nurse that her daughter is moody, shuts herself in her room, and fights with her younger sister. Which comment is most valuable to the mother? A) "Calmly talk to her about your concerns." B) "This is normal for her age." C) "She may be hanging with a bad crowd." D) "Set some rules for family etiquette."
A) "Calmly talk to her about your concerns."
The nurse is caring for a 14-year-old boy with an osteosarcoma. Which communication technique would be least effective for him? A) Letting him choose juice or soda to take pills B) Seeking the teenager's input on all decisions C) Discussing the benefits of chemotherapy with him D) Avoiding undue criticism of noncompliance
A) Letting him choose juice or soda to take pills
The school nurse is teaching parents risk factors for suicide in adolescents. What would the nurse discuss? Select all that apply. A) Mental health changes B) History of previous suicide attempt C) Higher socioeconomic status D) Greatly improved school performance E) Family disorganization F) Substance abuse
A) Mental health changes B) History of previous suicide attempt E) Family disorganization F) Substance abuse
A 12-year-old girl is experiencing prepubescence, and tells the school nurse that she feels "very out of place" in her school. What would be acceptable responses by the nurse? Select all that apply. A) "It must be difficult for you. Why don't you sit down and we can talk about it." B) "I would suggest that you talk to your parents about your feelings. This isn't something that I can talk to you about." C) "All of the girls and boys will be going through the same thing as you so that should make you feel a little better." D) "Tell me how this makes you feel. Talking about your feelings may help you feel better about school." E) "I went through the same thing when I was in school. I know it doesn't feel like it now but I promise it will get easier."
A) "It must be difficult for you. Why don't you sit down and we can talk about it." D) "Tell me how this makes you feel. Talking about your feelings may help you feel better about school."
After teaching the parents of a 9-year-old girl about safety, which statement indicates the need for additional teaching? A) "She can ride in the front seat of the car once she is 10 years old." B) "We need to buy her a helmet so she can ride her scooter." C) "She should ride her bike with the traffic on the side of the road." D) "We signed her up for swim lesions at the local community center."
A) "She can ride in the front seat of the car once she is 10 years old."
During a health check-up without his parents, a 17-year-old tells the nurse he is gay. Which approach should the nurse take? A) "Tell me what makes you think you are gay." B) "This puts you in an at-risk category." C) "We need to talk about safe sex." D) "You're not gay; you're confused."
A) "Tell me what makes you think you are gay."
The nurse is enlisting the parents' assistance for therapeutic hugging prior to an otoscopic examination. What should the nurse emphasize to the parents? A) "You will need to keep his hands down and his head still." B) "If this does not work, we will have to apply restraints." C) "If you are not capable of this, let me know so I can get some assistance." D) "I may need you to leave the room if your son will not remain still."
A) "You will need to keep his hands down and his head still."
The school nurse providing school health screenings knows that the 7- to 11-year-old is in Piaget's stage of concrete operational thoughts. What should this age group accomplish when developing operations? Select all that apply. A) Ability to assimilate and coordinate information about the world from different dimensions B) Ability to see things from another person's point of view and think through an action C) Ability to use stored memories of past experiences to evaluate and interpret present situations D) Ability to think about a problem from all points of view, ranking the possible solutions while solving the problem E) Ability to think outside of the present and incorporate into thinking concepts that do exist as well as concepts that might exist F) Ability to understand the principle of conservation—that matter does not change when its form changes
A) Ability to assimilate and coordinate information about the world from different dimensions B) Ability to see things from another person's point of view and think through an action C) Ability to use stored memories of past experiences to evaluate and interpret present situations F) Ability to understand the principle of conservation—that matter does not change when its form changes
The nurse is implementing care for a hospitalized toddler. What communication technique would the nurse use with the child to reflect the child's developmental level? A) Allow the child extra time to complete thoughts. B) Communicate solely through play. C) Provide simple but honest and straightforward responses. D) Remain nonjudgmental to avoid alienation.
A) Allow the child extra time to complete thoughts.
The nurse is providing atraumatic care to children in a hospital setting. What are principles of this philosophy of care? Select all that apply. A) Avoid or reduce painful procedures B) Avoid or reduce physical distress C) Minimize parent-child interactions D) Provide child-centered care E)Minimize child control F) Use core primary nursing
A) Avoid or reduce painful procedures B) Avoid or reduce physical distress F) Use core primary nursing
The nurse is performing an annual check-up for an 8-year-old child. Compared to the previous assessment of this child, which characteristic would most likely be observed? A) Breathing is diaphragmatic. B) Pulse rate is increased. C) Secondary sex characteristics are present. D) Blood pressure has reached adult level.
A) Breathing is diaphragmatic.
The nurse contacts a child life specialist (CLS) to work with children on a pediatric ward. What is the primary goal of the CLS? A) Decrease anxiety and fear during hospitalization and painful procedure. B) Keep children who are hospitalized distracted from pain. C) Perform medical procedures using atraumatic principles. D) Act as a liaison between the nurse and the child.
A) Decrease anxiety and fear during hospitalization and painful procedure.
The nurse is caring for a 7-year-old girl who is scheduled for a hernia repair and is very scared. Which fear would she also most likely have at this age? A) Fear of being kidnapped B) Fear of cutting her finger C) Fear of sudden loud noises D) Fear of the neighbor's dog
A) Fear of being kidnapped
The nurse is teaching the student nurse the factors that affect the pharmacodynamics of the drugs they are administering. What is a factor affecting this property of drugs? A) Immature body systems B) Weight C) Body surface D) Body composition
A) Immature body systems
When assessing adolescents for health risks, the nurse must keep in mind the factors related to the prevalence of adolescent injuries. What accurately describes these factors? Select all that apply. A) Increased physical growth B) Insufficient psychomotor coordination C) Tiredness, lack of energy D) Lack of impulsivity E) Peer pressure F) Inexperience
A) Increased physical growth B) Insufficient psychomotor coordination E) Peer pressure F) Inexperience
The nurse is administering a crushed tablet to an 18-month-old infant. What is a recommended guideline for this intervention? A) Mix the crushed tablet with a small amount of applesauce. B) Place the crushed tablet in the infant's formula. C) Mix the crushed tablet with the infant's cereal. D) Crushed tablets should only be mixed with water.
A) Mix the crushed tablet with a small amount of applesauce.
The nurse is preparing a class for a group of adolescents about promoting safety. What would the nurse plan to include as the leading cause of adolescent injuries? A) Motor vehicles B) Firearms C) Water D) Fires
A) Motor vehicles
The nurse teaches parents of adolescents that adolescents need the support of parents and nurses to facilitate healthy lifestyles. What should be a priority focus of this guidance? A) Reducing risk-taking behavior B) Promoting adequate physical growth C) Maximizing learning potential D) Teaching personal hygiene routines
A) Reducing risk-taking behavior
The nurse is performing a cognitive assessment on a 16 year-old client. Which behaviors demonstrated will the nurse identify as middle formal operational, according to Piaget's theory? Select all that apply. A) Reporting that he smokes marijuana occasionally. B) Wanting to make decisions about health care independently C) Being very concerned with implications of the Affordable Care Act regarding health care benefits D) Wanting their friends to visit them in the hospital more than their parents E) Difficulty understanding the implications their diagnosis might present
A) Reporting that he smokes marijuana occasionally. B) Wanting to make decisions about health care independently C) Being very concerned with implications of the Affordable Care Act regarding health care benefits
The mother of a 7-year-old girl tells the school nurse that her child is deathly afraid of going to school. What would be the best intervention the nurse could suggest in this situation? A) Return the child to school and investigate the cause of the fear. B) Have the child stay home from school until any issues causing this fear are resolved. C) Investigate a new school for the child to attend that the child will not be afraid of. D) Tell the child that privileges will be taken away if she does not return to school.
A) Return the child to school and investigate the cause of the fear.
The school nurse is conducting a seminar for parents of adolescents on how to communicate with teenagers. Which guidelines might the nurse recommend? Select all that apply. A) Talk face to face and be aware of body language. B) Ask questions to see why he or she feels that way. C) Do not give praise unless the adolescent deserves it. D) Speak to your child as an authority figure, not an equal. E) Don't admit that you make mistakes. F) Don't pretend you know all the answers.
A) Talk face to face and be aware of body language. B) Ask questions to see why he or she feels that way. F) Don't pretend you know all the answers.
The nurse is helping the parents and their underweight adolescent collaborate on planning a healthy menu. Of which nutritional requirement of adolescents should the nurse be aware? A) Teenagers have a need for increased calories, zinc, calcium, and iron for growth. B) Teenage girls who are active require about 1,800 calories per day. C) Teenage boys who are active require between 2,000 and 2,500 calories per day. D) Adolescents require about 1,000 to 1,200 mg of calcium each day.
A) Teenagers have a need for increased calories, zinc, calcium, and iron for growth.
A mother brings her 6-year-old son in for a check-up because the child is reporting stomachaches. It is the beginning of the school year. What might the mother also mention? A) The child cries before going to school. B) The child made friends the first day of school. C) The child fights with siblings more often. D) The child loves the crowds in the lunchroom.
A) The child cries before going to school.
The nurse knows that the school-age child is in Erikson's stage of industry versus inferiority. Which best examplifies a school-ager working toward accomplishing this developmental task? A) The child signs up for after-school activities. B) The child performs his bedtime preparations autonomously. C) The child becomes aware of the opposite sex. D) The child is developing a conscience.
A) The child signs up for after-school activities.
The nurse uses family-centered care to care for children in a pediatric office. Upon what concept is family-centered care based? A) The family is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength. B) The care provider is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength. C) The child must be prepared to be his or her own source of strength during times of crisis. D) The wishes of the family should direct the nursing care plan for the child.
A) The family is the constant in the child's life and the primary source of strength.
The nurse is preparing to perform a dressing change on a 13-year-old client who is being treated for burns he received two weeks ago. The client prefers not to take pain medication before the dressing change because it causes drowsiness. What nursing interventions would provide atraumatic care? Select all that apply. A) The nurse asks the client if he would like the television on during the dressing change. B) The nurse asks the client if a small group of nursing students can observe the dressing change. C) The nurse encourages the client to wear headphones to listen to music during the dressing change. D) The nurse encourages the parent to talk to the child about taking pain medication prior to the procedure. E) The nurse tells the client that the dressing change will not be performed unless pain medication is taken.
A) The nurse asks the client if he would like the television on during the dressing change. C) The nurse encourages the client to wear headphones to listen to music during the dressing change.
The nurse has obtained the services of an interpreter to assist with communicating with a child and parents who have a limited understanding of English. Which behaviors may impede the communication? Select all that apply. A) The nurse speaks to the interpreter, who then translates the information to the parents and child. B) The nurse speaks with the parents and child, and then the interpreter translates the information to the parents and child. C) The nurse limits the sessions with the interpreter to 1 hour. D) The nurse stops talking every 45 to 60 seconds to allow the interpreter to catch up with the information provided. E) The nurse avoids the use of slang in the exchange of information.
A) The nurse speaks to the interpreter, who then translates the information to the parents and child. C) The nurse limits the sessions with the interpreter to 1 hour. D) The nurse stops talking every 45 to 60 seconds to allow the interpreter to catch up with the information provided.
The nurse is preparing to administer medication to a child with a gastrostomy tube in place. What is a recommended guideline for this procedure? Select all that apply. A) Verify proper tube placement prior to instilling medication. B) Mix liquid medications with a small amount of water and add directly into the tube. C) Mix powdered medications well with cold water first. D) Crush tablets and mix with warm water to prevent tube occlusion. E) Open up capsules and mix the contents with warm water. F) Flush the tube with water after administering medications.
A) Verify proper tube placement prior to instilling medication. D) Crush tablets and mix with warm water to prevent tube occlusion. E) Open up capsules and mix the contents with warm water. F) Flush the tube with water after administering medications.
The nurse is caring for an 8-year-old girl who requires medication that is only available in an enteric tablet form. The nurse is teaching the mother how to help the girl swallow the medication. Which statement indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I can encourage her to place it on the back of her tongue." B) "I can pinch her nose to make it easier to swallow." C) "We cannot crush this type of pill as it will affect the delivery of the medication." D) "We can place the tablet in a spoonful of applesauce."
B) "I can pinch her nose to make it easier to swallow."
The nurse is providing teaching on how to administer nasal drops. Which response by the parents indicates a need for further teaching? A) "We need to be careful not to stimulate a sneeze." B) "She needs to remain still for at least 10 minutes after administration." C) "Our daughter should lie on her back with her head hyperextended." D) "We must not let the dropper make contact with the nasal membranes."
B) "She needs to remain still for at least 10 minutes after administration."
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 12-year-old boy about appropriate approaches when raising an adolescent. Which comment should be included in the discussion? A) "Find out if his friends are worthy of him." B) "Try to be open to his views." C) "Maintain a firm set of rules." D) "Remind him that he is still your little boy."
B) "Try to be open to his views."
The nurse is providing teaching for the mother of an infant who receives all of his nutrition through a tube. The nurse is reviewing interventions to promote growth and development. Which response from the mother indicates a need for further teaching? A) "I will give him a pacifier during feeding time." B) "We need to keep feeding time very quiet." C) "We need to make sure he doesn't lose the desire to eat by mouth." D) "Sucking produces saliva, which aids in digestion."
B) "We need to keep feeding time very quiet."
The school nurse is conducting vision screening for a 7-year-old girl and documents the condition 'amblyopia.' What would the nurse tell the parents about this condition? A) 'Amblyopia is an uncorrected refractive error of the eye.' B) 'Amblyopia is reduced vision in an eye that has not been adequately used during early development.' C) 'Amblyopia is a malalignment of the eye, which occurs at birth.' D) 'Amblyopia is a clouding of the lens of the eye caused by trauma to the eye.'
B) 'Amblyopia is reduced vision in an eye that has not been adequately used during early development.'
The child life specialist (CLS) is preparing a 6-year-old child for a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan. Which statement reflects the use of atraumatic principles when explaining the procedure? A) 'You will be taken to a magnetic resonance imaging machine for an x-ray of your liver.' B) 'You may hear some loud noises when you are lying in the machine, but they won't hurt you.' C) 'You have nothing to worry about; the MRI machine is safe and will not cause you any pain.' D) 'Let's just get you to the x-ray department for your test and you'll see how simple it is.'
B) 'You may hear some loud noises when you are lying in the machine, but they won't hurt you.'
The nurse is preparing to administer a medication to a 5-year-old who weighs 35 pounds. The prescribed single dose is 1 to 2 mg/kg/day. Which is the appropriate dose range for this child? A) 8 to 16 mg B) 16 to 32 mg C) 35 to 70 mg D) 70 to 140 mg
B) 16 to 32 mg
What finding would the nurse most likely discover in a 10-year-old child in the period of concrete operational thought? A) Participation in abstract thinking B) Ability to classify similar objects C) Problem solving via the scientific method D) Ability to make independent decisions
B) Ability to classify similar objects
The nurse assesses the spirituality of an adolescent. What are normal moral and spiritual milestones in this age group? Select all that apply. A) Adolescents will base their actions on the avoidance of punishment and the attainment of pleasure. B) Adolescents develop their own set of morals and values and question the status quo. C) Adolescents undergo the process of developing their own set of morals at different rates. D) Adolescents are more interested in the spiritualism of their religion than in the actual practices of their religion. E) Adolescents can understand the concepts of right and wrong and are developing a conscience. F) Adolescents are able to understand and incorporate into their behavior the concept of the "golden rule."
B) Adolescents develop their own set of morals and values and question the status quo. C) Adolescents undergo the process of developing their own set of morals at different rates. D) Adolescents are more interested in the spiritualism of their religion than in the actual practices of their religion.
The school nurse is preparing a program on sexuality and birth control for a class of 14- to 16-year-olds. Which behavior will have the most influence on how the information is presented? A) Teens are adjusting to new body images. B) Adolescents tend to take risks. C) Teenagers are able to think in the abstract. D) Adolescents understand that actions have consequences.
B) Adolescents tend to take risks.
The nurse is explaining a discharge plan to the parents of an infant being discharged from the hospital. Which characteristic regarding adult learning should the nurse incorporate into her plan? A) Adults are dependent learners. B) Adults are problem focused. C) Adults are future focused. D) Adults do not value past learning.
B) Adults are problem focused.
The nurse is teaching the parents of a 9-year-old girl about the socialization that is occurring in their child through school contacts. Which information would the nurse include in her teaching plan? A) Teachers are the most influential people in the development of the school-age child's social network. B) Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children. C) Parents should establish norms and standards that signify acceptance or rejection. D) A characteristic of school-age children is their formation of groups with no rules and values involved.
B) Continuous peer relationships provide the most important social interaction for school-age children.
The school nurse is performing a physical examination on a 13-year-old boy who is on the soccer team. What is a physical quality that develops during these early adolescent years? A) Coordination B) Endurance C) Speed D) Accuracy
B) Endurance
The nurse is talking with a chatty 7-year-old girl during her regular check-up. Which behaviors would the child also be expected to exhibit? A) Showing no interest in what the nurse sees in her ears B) Explaining what is right and what is wrong C) Demonstrating independence from her mother D) Showing no concern when the nurse hurts her own finger
B) Explaining what is right and what is wrong
Based on Erikson's developmental theory, what is the major developmental task of the adolescent? A) Gaining independence B) Finding an identity C) Coordinating information D) Mastering motor skills
B) Finding an identity
The nurse is caring for a teen who will be hospitalized for physical rehabilitation for an extended period of time after an auto accident. When working to promote a good working relationship with the teen, what action by the nurse will be most beneficial? A) Allow the teen to control the daily schedule. B) Keep your word with regard to promises and statements made to the teen. C) Allow the teen to make decisions about the plan of care. D) Include the teen in the weekly interdisciplinary care conferences
B) Keep your word with regard to promises and statements made to the teen.
The school nurse knows that dating is a milestone for adolescents. Which statement accurately describes a trend in teen dating? A) Most late adolescents spend more time in activities with mixed-sex groups, such as dances and parties, than they do dating as a couple. B) Most teens have been involved in at least one romantic relationship by middle adolescence. C) Teens that date frequently report slightly lower levels of self-esteem and decreased autonomy. D) Homosexual behavior as a teen usually indicates that the adolescent will maintain a homosexual orientation.
B) Most teens have been involved in at least one romantic relationship by middle adolescence.
The nurse is caring for a child who is scheduled to begin chemotherapy. When planning education for the parents, what action by the nurse is most correct? A) Obtain a large classroom to allow the nurse to stand at the front and present information. B) Obtain a small conference room and arrange the chairs in a circle for both the nurse and family members to sit. C) Provide written information to the family and allow them to review it, with instructions to contact the nurse if there are additional questions. D) Provide a video of information to the family, with instructions to contact the nurse if there are additional questions.
B) Obtain a small conference room and arrange the chairs in a circle for both the nurse and family members to sit.
When providing anticipatory guidance to a group of parents with school-aged children, what would the nurse describe as the most important aspect of social interaction? A) School B) Peer relationships C) Family D) Temperament
B) Peer relationships
The pediatric nurse is aware of the maturation of organ systems in the school-age child. What accurately describes these changes? Select all that apply. A) The brain grows very slowly during the school-age years and growth is complete by the time the child is 12 years of age. B) Respiratory rates decrease, abdominal breathing disappears, and respirations become diaphragmatic in nature. C) The school-age child's blood pressure increases and the pulse rate decreases, and the heart grows more slowly during the middle years. D) The school-age child experiences more gastrointestinal upsets compared with earlier years since the stomach capacity increases. E) Bladder capacity increases, but varies among individual children, and girls generally have a greater bladder capacity than boys. F) Prepubescence typically occurs in the 2 years before the beginning of puberty and is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
B) Respiratory rates decrease, abdominal breathing disappears, and respirations become diaphragmatic in nature. C) The school-age child's blood pressure increases and the pulse rate decreases, and the heart grows more slowly during the middle years. E) Bladder capacity increases, but varies among individual children, and girls generally have a greater bladder capacity than boys. F) Prepubescence typically occurs in the 2 years before the beginning of puberty and is characterized by the development of secondary sexual characteristics.
The nurse is providing anticipatory guidance for parents of a school-age child on teaching the dangers of drugs and alcohol. What advice might be helpful for these parents? A) School-age children are not ready to absorb information that deals with drugs and alcohol. B) School-age children can think critically to interpret messages seen in advertising, media, and sports. C) Parents must prevent their child from being exposed to messages that are in conflict with their values. D) Discussions with children need to be based on facts and focused on the past and future.
B) School-age children can think critically to interpret messages seen in advertising, media, and sports.
The nurse is incorporating nonverbal communication with verbal communication when explaining the treatment plan for a child with juvenile diabetes. What should the nurse do to communicate effectively with this family? A) Relax; maintain an open posture, with the arms crossed. B) Sit opposite the family and lean forward slightly. C) Use eye contact sparingly to avoid embarrassment. D) Speak a verbal yes or no; do not use head nods.
B) Sit opposite the family and lean forward slightly.
The nurse knows that barriers to the adolescent's health and successful achievement of the tasks of adolescence exist. What is the major barrier to health for this population? A) Cultural B) Socioeconomic C) Marital status D) Racial
B) Socioeconomic
The nurse is performing a physical examination of an 11-year-old girl. What observations would be expected? A) The child has not gained weight since last year. B) The child has grown 2.5 inches since last year. C) The child breathes abdominally. D) The child's third molars are about to erupt.
B) The child has grown 2.5 inches since last year.
After assessing a 10-year-old girl, the nurse documents the appearance of breast buds, identifying this as what body change? A) Menarche B) Thelarche C) Puberty D) Tanner stage 5
B) Thelarche
The nurse is using a family interpreter to teach home care to the deaf parents of a child with cystic fibrosis. Which technique of working with an interpreter is unique to this situation? A) Ensuring the parents can read printed material B) Using the child's aunt as interpreter C) Allowing time for interpretation and response D) Expecting the interpreter to know the medical terms
B) Using the child's aunt as interpreter
The nurse is admitting a 7-year-old child to the medical-surgical unit. The child answers questions with very short answers, makes little eye contact with the nurse, and looks to the parent to answer most questions. Which interventions would be appropriate during this admission assessment? Select all that apply. A) Tell the child that you are going to be their nurse so it would be best if they answered your questions. B) When asking questions, look at the child as well as the parent. C) Sit at the child's eye level during the admission questioning process. D) Stop asking questions for the present time and return later when the child feels more comfortable. E) Ask the child if they are always nervous around new people.
B) When asking questions, look at the child as well as the parent. C) Sit at the child's eye level during the admission questioning process.
The nurse has completed diabetic education regarding insulin administration to a 14-year-old child newly diagnosed with diabetes and his family. The nurses knows the teaching was effective if the client and family: A) can list appropriate sites for insulin administration. B) have demonstrated correct insulin administration over the past several days. C) indicate that they understand proper nutrition for a person with diabetes. D) state that they understand hypoglycemic reaction signs and symptoms.
B) have demonstrated correct insulin administration over the past several days.
The nurse is assessing the gross motor skills of an 8-year-old boy. Which of interview question would facilitate this assessment? A) 'Do you like to do puzzles?' B) 'Do play any instruments?' C) 'Do you participate in any sports?' D) 'Do you like to construct models?'
C) 'Do you participate in any sports?'
The nurse is preparing to administer oral ampicillin to a child who weighs 40 kg. The safe dose for children is 50 to 100 mg/kg/day divided in doses administered every 6 hours. What would be the low single safe dose and high single safe dose per day for this child? A) 50 to 100 mg per dose B) 100 to 500 mg per dose C) 500 to 1,000 mg per dose D) 1,000 to 5,000 mg per dose
C) 500 to 1,000 mg per dose
The nurse is performing a physical assessment of a 10-year-old boy. The nurse notes that during last year's check-up the child weighed 80 pounds. According to average growth for this age group, what would be his expected current weight? A) 81 pounds B) 85 pounds C) 87 pounds D) 89 pounds
C) 87 pounds
The nurse is consulting with a child life specialist (CLS) to help minimize the stress of hospitalization for a child. Which services would the CLS provide? Select all answers that apply. A) Medical preparation for tests, surgeries, and other medical procedures B) Support before and after, but not during, medical procedures C) Activities to support normal growth and development D) Grief and bereavement support E) Emergency room interventions for children and families F) Only inpatient consultations with families
C) Activities to support normal growth and development D) Grief and bereavement support E) Emergency room interventions for children and families
The nurse is educating a 16-year-old girl who has just been diagnosed with acute myelogenous leukemia. Which statement best demonstrates therapeutic communication? A) Discussing the treatment plan in detail for the next few weeks B) Using medical terms when describing the disease C) Assessing the adolescent's emotional status in private D) Talking about clothing and the stores where she shops
C) Assessing the adolescent's emotional status in private
The nurse knows that effective communication with children and their parents is critical to providing atraumatic quality nursing care. Which statement accurately describes the communication patterns of children? A) Communication patterns are similar from one child to the next. B) Children often use more words than adults to describe their fears. C) Children rely more on nonverbal communication and silence. D) Parents more often require affective communication rather than neutral communication.
C) Children rely more on nonverbal communication and silence.
The nurse is teaching the student nurse how to communicate effectively with children. Which method would the nurse recommend? A) Position self above the child's level to denote authority. B) If possible, communicate with the child apart from the parent. C) Direct questions and explanations to the child. D) Use the medical terms for body parts and medical care.
C) Direct questions and explanations to the child.
The nurse is counseling the parents of a 10-year-old child who was caught stealing at school. Which topic should the nurse cover? A) Having the child return the property in front of his or her class B) Discussing ways for the child to save face C) Finding out what is currently going on at home D) Reminding the child daily that stealing is wrong
C) Finding out what is currently going on at home
The nurse has seen a 15-year-old girl and a 16-year-old boy during health surveillance visits. Which physical characteristics would be seen in both teenagers? A) Decreased respiratory rates of 15 to 20 breaths per minute B) Eruption of last four molars C) Increased shoulder, chest, and hip widths D) Fully functioning sweat and sebaceous glands
C) Increased shoulder, chest, and hip widths
The nurse is implementing interventions to prevent physical stressors for a 9-year-old child receiving chemotherapy in the hospital. What is an example of using atraumatic care for this child? A) Use restraint or 'holding down' of the child during the procedure to prevent injury. B) Have the parent stand near and/or rub the child's feet during the procedure. C) Insert a saline lock if the child will require multiple doses of parenteral medications. D) Avoid using numbing techniques for multiple blood draws or IV insertion.
C) Insert a saline lock if the child will require multiple doses of parenteral medications.
The nurse is performing a cultural assessment of an Asian family that has a child hospitalized for leukemia. What is the best technique for providing culturally competent care for this family? A) Research the culture and base care on findings. B) Ask other Asians to explain their culture. C) Just ask the family about their culture and listen. D) Hire an interpreter to explain the family culture.
C) Just ask the family about their culture and listen.
The nurse is discussing ways to promote discipline with parents who are becoming increasingly frustrated with their teenager. What would the nurse identify as most important? A) Establish rules and expectations. B) Collaborate to determine consequence. C) Make your responses consistent. D) Explain the rules to the adolescent.
C) Make your responses consistent.
The school nurse is performing health assessments on students in middle school. Of what developmental milestone should the nurse be aware? A) Height in girls increases rapidly after menarche and usually ceases immediately after menarche. B) Boys' growth spurts usually begin between the ages of 8 and 14 years and end between the ages of 131/2 and 171/2 years. C) Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarche. D) Boys reach PHV and peak weight velocity (PWV) at about 16 years of age.
C) Peak height velocity (PHV) occurs at approximately 12 years of age in girls or about 6 to 12 months after menarche.
The nurse is providing suggestions to a female adolescent about foods to help meet her nutritional requirements for iron. Which food would the nurse suggest as a good source of iron? A) Broccoli B) Yogurt C) Peanut butter D) White beans
C) Peanut butter
The nurse is promoting learning and school attendance to a 13-year-old girl. Which factor will affect the child's attitude most? A) Her parents' values and desires B) The dramatic changes to her body C) Peer group behaviors and attitudes D) Desire for attention from boys
C) Peer group behaviors and attitudes
The nurse is administering acetaminophen PRN to a 9-year-old child on the pediatric ward of the hospital. Which answers reflect nursing actions that follow the rules of the 'eight rights' of pediatric medication administration? Select all that apply. A) The nurse identifies the child by checking the name on the child's chart. B) The nurse makes sure the medication is given within the hour of the ordered time. C) The nurse checks the documented time of the last dosage administered. D) The nurse calculates the dosage according to the child's weight. E) The nurse explains the therapeutic effects of the medication to the child and parents. F) The nurse administers the medication even though the child is adamant about not taking it.
C) The nurse checks the documented time of the last dosage administered. D) The nurse calculates the dosage according to the child's weight. E) The nurse explains the therapeutic effects of the medication to the child and parents.
The nurse is teaching parents to plan nutritional meals for their 7-year-old son who is overweight. Which guideline might the nurse include in the teaching plan? A) School-age children with an average body weight of 20 to 35 kg need approximately 90 calories per kilogram daily. B) The average water requirement for a school-age child per 24 hours ranges from 2,000 to 2,500 mL per day. C) The school-age child needs 28 g of protein and 800 mg of calcium for maintenance of growth and good nutrition. D) In the school-age child, calories needed to sustain weight increase, while the appetite decreases.
C) The school-age child needs 28 g of protein and 800 mg of calcium for maintenance of growth and good nutrition.
When describing the differences affecting the pharmacokinetics of drugs administered to children, which would the nurse include? A) Oral drugs are absorbed more quickly in children than adults. B) Absorption of intramuscularly administered drugs is fairly constant. C) Topical drugs are absorbed more quickly in young children than adults. D) Absorption of drugs administered by subcutaneous injection is increased.
C) Topical drugs are absorbed more quickly in young children than adults.
During a well-child check-up, the parents of a 9-year-old boy tell the nurse that their son's friends told him that soccer is a stupid game, and now he wants to play baseball. Which comment by the nurse best explains the effects of peer groups? A) "The child's best friends will continue playing soccer." B) "The children will cheer for each other regardless of the sport being played." C) "Your child will rarely talk to you about his friends." D) "Acceptance by friends, especially of the same sex, is very important at this age."
D) "Acceptance by friends, especially of the same sex, is very important at this age."
A 12-year-old boy reports to the nurse that he is one of the shortest kids in his class. He asks the nurse if he will ever grow. What response by the nurse is most appropriate? A) "At your age you are largely done growing taller." B) "Since you are the shortest now, you will likely always be the shortest in the class." C) "Boys do not have their growth spurt until about age 17." D) "There is no way to know how tall you will grow because you are still well within the window for growth."
D) "There is no way to know how tall you will grow because you are still well within the window for growth."
The nurse is administering a liquid medication to a 3-year-old using an oral syringe. Which action would be most appropriate? A) Direct the liquid toward the anterior side of the mouth. B) Keep the child's hand away from the oral syringe when squirting the medication. C) Give all of the drug in the syringe at one time with one squirt. D) Allow the child time to swallow the medication in between amounts.
D) Allow the child time to swallow the medication in between amounts.
The adolescent continues to develop self-concept and self-esteem. What is most important to a teen's self-esteem? A) Strong authority figures B) Spirituality C) Morals and values D) Body image
D) Body image
The school nurse is teaching parents about the effects of bullying on school children. What accurately describes this developmental concern? A) Children who bully are those who report themselves as being lonely and having difficulty in forming friendships. B) Children with health issues, such as, disabilities, obesity and food allergies, are at a decreased risk of being bullied. C) In general, about 20% of all children attending school are frightened and afraid most of the day. D) Both boys and girls are bullied; boys usually bully boys and use force more often.
D) Both boys and girls are bullied; boys usually bully boys and use force more often.
The nurse caring for a 6-year-old patient enters the room to administer an oral medication in the form of a pill. The dad at the bedside looks at the pill and tells the nurse that his daughter has a hard time swallowing pills. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse? A) Ask the child to try swallowing the pill and offer a choice of drinks to take with it. B) Crush the pill and add it to applesauce. C) Request that the physician prescribe the medication in liquid form. D) Call the pharmacy and ask if the pill can be crushed.
D) Call the pharmacy and ask if the pill can be crushed.
The nurse is caring for a 4-year-old boy with Ewing sarcoma who is scheduled for a computed axial tomography (CAT) scan tomorrow. Which is the best example of therapeutic communication? A) Telling him he will get a shot when he wakes up tomorrow morning B) Telling him how cool he looks in his baseball cap and pajamas C) Using family-familiar words and soft words when possible D) Describing what it is like to get a CAT scan using words he understands
D) Describing what it is like to get a CAT scan using words he understands
The nurse is educating the parents of a 7-year-old girl who has just been diagnosed with epilepsy. Which teaching technique would be most appropriate? A) Assessing the parents' knowledge of the anticonvulsant medications B) Demonstrating proper seizure safety procedures C) Discussing the surgical procedure for epilepsy D) Giving the parents information in small amounts at a time
D) Giving the parents information in small amounts at a time
The school nurse is preparing a talk on the influence of the media on school-age children to present at the next PTO meeting. Which fact might the nurse include in the introduction? A) Children in the United States spend about 6 hours a day either watching TV or playing video games. B) A child will see 2,000 murders by the end of grade school and 20,000 commercials a year. C) A school-age child cannot determine what is real from what is fantasy; therefore, TV and video games can lead to aggressive behavior. D) Parents should limit television watching and video-game playing to 2 hours per day.
D) Parents should limit television watching and video-game playing to 2 hours per day.
Two working parents are discussing with the school nurse the possibility of their 12-year-old girl going home alone after school. What suggestion should the nurse make? A) Provide entertainment until the parents come home. B) Allow the child to go to a friend's house. C) Teach her how to take a message if someone calls. D) Purchase caller ID for the phone.
D) Purchase caller ID for the phone.
The school nurse knows that school-age children are developing metalinguistic awareness. Which is an example of this skill? A) The child enjoys reading books. B) The child enjoys conversations with peers. C) The child enjoys speaking on the phone. D) The child enjoys telling jokes.
D) The child enjoys telling jokes.
The nurse teaching safety to teens knows that which of these is the leading cause of death among adolescents? A) Drowning B) Poisoning C) Diseases D) Unintentional injuries
D) Unintentional injuries
The nurse is using the formula for bladder capacity to measure the bladder capacity of a 9-year-old girl. What number would the nurse document for this measurement? A) 9 ounces B) 10 ounces C) 11 ounces D) 12 ounces
C) 11 ounces
When describing the various changes that occur in organ systems during adolescence, what would the nurse include? A) Significant increase in brain size B) Ossification completed later in girls C) Decrease in heart rate D) Decrease in activity of sebaceous glands
C) Decrease in heart rate
The nurse has determined that an 8-year-old girl is at risk for being overweight. Which intervention would be a priority prior to developing the care plan? A) Determining the need for additional caloric intake B) Asking the parents who they want to work with the child C) Interviewing the parents about their eating habits D) Discussing the influence of peers on the child's diet
C) Interviewing the parents about their eating habits
The nurse is administering immunizations to children in a neighborhood clinic. What is the most frequent route of administration? A) Oral B) Intradermal C) Intramuscular D) Topical
C) Intramuscular
he nurse is performing an assessment of the reproductive system of a 17-year-old girl. What would alert the nurse to a developmental delay in this girl? A) Areola and papilla separate from the contour of the breast B) Mature distribution and coarseness of pubic hair C) Developed breast tissue D) Occurrence of first menstrual period
D) Occurrence of first menstrual period
The nurse is using verbal skills to explain the nursing care plan to parents of a 10-year-old child with cancer. What describes a guideline the nurse should follow to provide appropriate verbal communication? A) Use closed-ended questions that do not restrict the child's or parent's answers. B) Allow the focus to change without redirecting the conversation. C) Restate the child's and parent's comments in your own words. D) Paraphrase the child's or parent's feelings to demonstrate empathy.
D) Paraphrase the child's or parent's feelings to demonstrate empathy.
The nurse will be administering a medication to a child that is primarily excreted by the kidney. The nurse is aware that this action is especially dangerous until the child reaches what age? Record your answer in years.
2
The nurse is caring for a 6-year-old child who has multisystem trauma due to a motor vehicle accident. The child is receiving total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What is a recommended nursing intervention for children on TPN? A) Initially, check blood glucose levels frequently, such as every 4 to 6 hours, to evaluate for hyperglycemia. B) Be vigilant in monitoring the infusion rate, change the rate as necessary, and report any changes to the physician or nurse practitioner. C) If for any reason the TPN infusion is interrupted or stops, begin an infusion of a 10% saline at the same infusion rate as the TPN. D) Administer TPN continuously over an 8-hour period, or after initiation it may be given on a cyclic basis, such as over a 12-hour period during the night.
A) Initially, check blood glucose levels frequently, such as every 4 to 6 hours, to evaluate for hyperglycemia.
The nurse is preparing to administer insulin to a diabetic child. Which would be the recommended route for this administration? A) Subcutaneous B) Intradermal C) Intramuscular D) Oral
A) Subcutaneous
A physician orders a medication dosage that is above the normal dosage. The nurse administers the medication without questioning the dosage. What error did the nurse make? A) The nurse violated one of the "rights" of medication administration. B) The nurse performed an act outside the scope of practice for nursing. C) The nurse has not made an error, but the physician did by ordering the wrong dosage of medication. D) The nurse has committed an act of maleficence by administering the medication.
A) The nurse violated one of the "rights" of medication administration.
The nurse explains to parents of school-age children that according to Kohlberg's theory of moral development, their child is at the conventional stage of moral development. What is the motivation for school-age children to follow rules? A) They follow rules out of a sense of being a 'good person.' B) They follow rules out of fear of being punished. C) They follow rules in order to receive praise from caretakers. D) They follow rules because it is in their nature to do so.
A) They follow rules out of a sense of being a 'good person.'
The mother of a 12-year-old boy is talking with the school nurse about her son's clumsiness. She reports that he seems to fall a lot, his writing is horrible, and as much as he practices he can't play his guitar very well. How should the nurse respond to the mother? A) "Boys tend to take a bit longer than girls to mature." B) "Have you spoken with your pediatrician about your observations?" C) "Boys tend to refine their fine motor skills by this age." D) "I will make a note of your observations and talk to his teachers."
B) "Have you spoken with your pediatrician about your observations?"
The parents of a child receiving total parenteral nutrition ask the nurse why their child must have their blood glucose monitored so frequently since they are not diabetic. What is the best response by the nurse? A) "We like to keep a close check on the blood glucose for all children receiving total parenteral nutrition." B) "It is important to monitor the blood glucose level because the solution has a high concentration of carbohydrates that convert to glucose." C) "This is a good time for us to monitor your child in case they start developing signs of diabetes related to receiving total parenteral nutrition." D) "I would suggest you ask the physician why blood glucose checks have been ordered so frequently."
B) "It is important to monitor the blood glucose level because the solution has a high concentration of carbohydrates that convert to glucose."
The nurse is caring for children who are receiving IV therapy in the hospital setting. For which children would a central venous device be indicated? A) A child who is receiving an IV push B) A child who is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia C) A child who is receiving IV fluids for dehydration D) A child who is receiving a one-time dose of a medication
B) A child who is receiving chemotherapy for leukemia
The student nurse is preparing to administer eye drops to a 2-year-old child. Which actions indicate the need for additional instruction? Select all that apply. A) The student nurse explains the medication regimen to the child's parents. B) The nurse holds the medication bottle 3 inches from the child's nurse during administration. C) The child is instructed to look down during the instillation of the medication in the eyes. D) The student nurse seeks assistance to hold the child during the medication administration. E) The child is turned so the medication flows toward the outer corner of the eye.
B) The nurse holds the medication bottle 3 inches from the child's nurse during administration. C) The child is instructed to look down during the instillation of the medication in the eyes. E) The child is turned so the medication flows toward the outer corner of the eye.
The nurse notes that a child with swallowing difficulty is receiving a continuous tube feeding. The child is very active and the feeding frequently gets interrupted because the tube becomes disconnected. What should the nurse discuss with the physician about the tube feeding? A) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could receive total parenteral nutrition. B) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could receive bolus rather than continuous tube feedings. C) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could receive the tube feedings during the night rather than continuously during all hours. D) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could be given oral rather than tube feedings. E) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could be given a sedative in order to prevent disruption of the tube feedings.
B) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could receive bolus rather than continuous tube feedings. C) The nurse should ask the physician if the patient could receive the tube feedings during the night rather than continuously during all hours.
The nurse is preparing to administer an intramuscular injection to an 8-month-old infant. Which site would the nurse select? A) Rectus femoris B) Vastus lateralis C) Dorsogluteal muscle D) Deltoid
B) Vastus lateralis
During a health maintenance visit, a 15-year-old girl mentions that she is not happy with being overweight. Which approach is best for the nurse to take? A) "Good observation. Let's talk about diet and exercise." B) "Don't worry; you are within the weight and height guidelines." C) "What specifically have you been noticing?" D) "Tell me about your parents. Are they overweight?"
C) "What specifically have you been noticing?"
The nurse is monitoring the output for a 10-year-old child. The medical record indicates the child weighs 78 pounds. How much urine can be anticipated for this child for a 12-hour period? 1. 78 pounds = 35kg 2. 1 mL X 35kg = 35 mL/hr and 2 mL X 35 = 70 mL/hr 3. 35 mL X 12 hours = 420 mL 4. 70 mL X 12 hours = 840 mL A) 300 to 1200 mL B) 360 to 900 mL C) 420 to 840 mL D) 600 to 1200 mL
C) 420 to 840 mL
The nurse is performing risk assessments on adolescents in the school setting. Which teen should the nurse screen for hypertension? A) An Asian female B) A white male C) An African American male D) A Jewish male
C) An African American male
The nurse if checking placement on a child's feeding tube. When the pH is checked, it is 5.3. What action by the nurse is indicated? A) Remove the tube. B) Document the findings as normal. C) Contact the health care provider. D) Re-evaluate the pH again in 2 hours.
C) Contact the health care provider.
A nurse has just administered medication via an orogastric tube. What is the priority nursing action following administration? A) Check tube placement. B) Retape the tube. C) Flush the tube. D) Remove the tube.
C) Flush the tube.
The nurse is explaining to the student nurse the therapeutic effects of total parenteral nutrition (TPN). What accurately describes the use of TPN? A) It is used short term to supply additional calories and nutrients as needed. B) It is delivered via the peripheral vein to allow rapid dilution of hypertonic solution. C) It is a highly concentrated solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals. D) It is usually used when the child's nutritional status is within acceptable parameters.
C) It is a highly concentrated solution of carbohydrates, electrolytes, vitamins, and minerals.
The nurse is preparing a child and his family for a lumbar puncture. Which would be a primary intervention instituted to keep the child safe? A) Distraction methods B) Stimulation methods C) Therapeutic hugging D) Therapeutic touch
C) Therapeutic hugging
After administering eye drops to a child, the nurse applies gentle pressure to the inside corner of the eye at the nose for which reason? A) To promote dispersion over the cornea B) To enhance systemic absorption C) To ensure the medication stays in the eye D) To stabilize the eyelid
C) To ensure the medication stays in the eye
The nurse is promoting nutrition to a 13-year-old boy who is overweight. Which comment should the nurse expect to include in the discussion? A) "You need to go on a low-fat diet." B) "Eat what your parents eat." C) "Go out for a sport at school." D) "Keep a food diary."
D) "Keep a food diary."
The nurse is determining the amount of IV fluids to administer in a 24-hour period to a child who weighs 40 kg. How many milliliters should the nurse administer? A) 1,000 mL B) 1,500 mL C) 1,750 mL D) 1,900 mL
D) 1,900 mL
A nurse is caring for a 14-year-old with a gastrostomy tube. The girl has skin breakdown and irritation at the insertion site. Which would be the most appropriate method to clean and secure the gastrostomy tube? A) Make sure the tube cannot be moved in and out of the child's stomach. B) Use adhesive tape to tape the tube in place and prevent movement. C) Place a transparent dressing over the site whether there is drainage or not. D) If any drainage is present, use a presplit 2 × 2 and place it loosely around the site.
D) If any drainage is present, use a presplit 2 × 2 and place it loosely around the site.
