Test 3 (ch. 6&7)

The United States has had ________ party systems since 1789.

6

Which of the following occurs when one party replaces another party that has dominated national politics for a lengthy period of time?

an electoral realignment

MOST important factor in predicting whether an individual votes?

education level

All the following are important roles for the media in american democracy EXCEPT

enabling companies to advertise their products to the public

Social media usage tends to

exaggerate partisan polarization

The term "fake news" is most accurately characterized by

false news stories

An individual's psychological attachment to one party or another is called a party ________.

identification

An advertisement emailed only to evangelical Christian voters about a Democratic candidate's support for abortion would be an example of

micro-targeting

A political party is an organization...

that tries to influence the government by getting its members elected to office.

The fact that only 63 percent of high school graduates have broadband internet access at home while almost 90 percent of college graduates do is an example of

the "digital divide"

Emerging in the late 1780s, America's first two political parties were...?

the Federalist and the Jeffersonian Republicans

Which of the following is NOT a reason why Americans appear to prefer online news

the accuracy and objectivity

What is the ultimate goal of the political party?

winning elections

Which reaches most Americans?

television

It is estimated that over ________ percent of Americans have a television

95

External mobilization occurs when

A group of politicians outside government organizes popular support to win governmental power

Which of the following statements best characterizes media ownership in the US?

A small number of giant, privately owned corporations

____________ is the power the media have to shape what issues Americans think about and ___________ is the power the media have to influence how Americans think about those issues.

Agenda-setting, framing

media monopoly

Disney

_______ occurs when one party controls the presidency while another party controls one or both houses of Congress.

Divided government

Which agency regulates broadcast media?

Federal Communications Commission

From the end of the Civil War to the 1890s, the ________ Party was the party of the North, while the ________ Party was the party of the South.

Republican, Democrat

Which of the following statements about age and political participation is true?

Young are far less likely to vote than older people

If a number of newspapers published stories exposing an elected officials acceptance of monetary bribes from a corporation in exchange for passing a particular law, it would be an example of the media serving in their role as

a watchdog

privately owned media companies in the US earn most of their revenue from

advertising

News produced by individuals and organizations who are not employed as professional journalist is called

citizen journalism

A _________ occurs when a voter must be registered with a party prior to voting in that party's election

closed primary

Internal mobilization occurs when

conflicts within the government create divided factions that try to mobilize popular support.

During the last decade, the number of newspaper journalist working in the US has

decreased by 40 percent

Individuals with home high-speed internet access and literacy to use it are called

digital citizens

In US the freedom of press is protected by

first amendment of constitution

The fact that a decreasing number or companies own an increasingly large share of the American media is a concern primarily because

it increases the risk that politicians and citizens who express less popular or minority viewpoints will have difficulty finding a public forum

Which of the following characteristics constitutes one's socioeconomic status?

level of income, level of education, and prestige of occupation

Voter turnout in state in local election is generally

much lower than national elections

Google news, Reddit, and Real Clear politics are good examples of

news aggregators

What is niche journalism?

news reporting targeted for a demographic of readers based on content or ideological presentation.

A website devoted entirely to reporting on climate change and other environmental issues

niche journalism

A________ occurs when a voter can wait until the day of the primary to choose which party to enroll in to select candidates for the general election

open primary

Which three types of factors influence the decisions of voters at the polls?

partisan loyalty, issues, and the characteristics of candidates

Private groups that raise and distribute funds for election campaigns are called

political action committees

Priming refers to

process of preparing the public to bring specific criteria to mind when evaluating a politician or issue

"public broadcasting" refers to any television, radio, and digital media that

receive funding from the public through license fees

State ballot access laws, such as registration fees and petition requirements, have the effect of

reducing the number of third-party and independent candidates who can run for office

Political parties hold primary elections or caucuses in order to...?

select a single candidate to represent the party in the general election

Third parties in the United States typically represent

social and economic interest

Which of the following statements best describes where younger and older americans get their news

social media tends to be a secondary news source after television for most Americans, but is primary for the young

Despite its widespread availability, ________ typically provide(s) the least depth of news coverage.

television

Who is an incumbent?

the current officeholder, running for reelection

Dealignment refers to

the decline of partisan attachment within the electorate, the growth in the number of voters identifying themselves as independents, and the rise of split-ticket voting.

"Me too" republicanism refers to

the tendency of Republican politicians during the New Deal to support popular programs such as Social Security rather than advocate alternative policies

American politics have been dominated by

two major political parties

________ is the single-most important political act for most americans

voting

Historically, electoral realignments occur...

when ne3w issues combine with economic or political crises to mobilize new voters and persuade large numbers of voters