TEST 4F

in the communication process, filtering occurs when:

people communicate mainly positive info and screen out negative info.

According to social identity theory:

people define themselves by their group affiliations

phone

phone

an entrepreneur employs 20 people

phone pic

Briefly explain the concept of leadership substitutes

A theory identifying contingencies that either limit the leader's ability to influence subordinates or make that particular leadership style unnecessary.

which leadership style in path-goal theory is most closely associated with goal setting and positive self-fulfilling prophecy?

Achievement-Oriented

Intuition relies on programmed decision routines that speed up our response to pattern matches or mismatches. these programmed decision routines are referred to as:

Action scripts

People with high Machiavellian Values________.

Are comfortable using power to manipulate others towards their own personal goals.

Which of the following competencies would assist team maintenance the most?

Comforting

____ are the natural talents that help employees learn specific tasks more quickly and perform them better.

Competencies

After choosing among several computer server systems, the director of Information Systems feels very positive about the choice that was made. However, some of this optimism is due to the fact that the director ignored some of the limitations of the chosen system and unconsciously downplays the importance of the positive features of the rejected systems. The director of Information Systems is engaging in:

Confirmation Bias

To increase work efficiency and make it easier to match employee competencies with job requirements, companies tend to:

Divide work into more specialized jobs.

Which of the following is an example of the influence tactic of forming coalitions?

Employees get together to show management that they collectively demand that the company purchase new computer equipment.

Several employees must work together to develop a new product. No one in this group has worked together before and the development of this product has not been attempted previously. According to the media richness model, which of the following communication channels is most appropriate in this situation?

Face to face meetings

Buffering occurs when we decide to overlook messages, such as using software rules to redirect e-mail from distribution lists to folders we never look at.

False

Conscientiousness refers to the extent that people are sensitive, flexible, creative, and curious.

False

Creative people tend to have a high need for affiliation.

False

Emotions involve conscious logical reasoning, whereas attitudes operate as events, usually without our awareness.

False

Feedback to employees is most effective when it is frequent, credible, and general.

False

Knowledge-based trust is based on the belief that your own knowledge can be used to perform if the other person fails.

False

Low conscientious employees set higher personal goals for themselves and are more motivated than do employees with high levels of conscientiousness.

False

Managers should arbitrate decisions when employees cannot resolve their differences alone.

False

Most studies report that women are rated lower than men on the emerging leadership qualities of coaching, teamwork, and empowering employees

False

Organizational commitment refers to an employee's contractual obligation to provide a minimum amount of time and effort to the organization in return for a fair day's pay from the organization.

False

People with a high score on the neuroticism personality dimension tend to be more relaxed, secure, and calm.

False

Tall hierarchies tend to encourage employee empowerment and engagement because they focus power around employees rather than managers.

False

Teams are generally more effective when the task is complex and when it cannot be divided into specialized roles.

False

When people experience relationship conflict, they tend to increase their reliance on communication with the other party.

False

exaggerating ones resume is categorized within the influence strategy of persuasion.

False

Dividing work into more specialized jobs:

Gives an opportunity to the job incumbents to master their tasks quickly.

Expectancy theory explains how employees:

Have different levels of work effort based on their expectations of performance and reward outcomes.

Which of these statements represents the feelings dimension of attitudes?

I don't like how my boss treats his employees.

What are the different ways in which great leaders regulate their decisions and behaviors?

Ipad pic

Which of these theories states that we are motivated by several needs, but the strongest source is the lowest unsatisfied need?

Needs Hierarchy theory

Which leadership theory or perspective explicitly includes the participative style?

Path-goal Theory

Distinguish between simple and complex environments. Which element of organizational structure suits the best in a complex environment ?

Phone

Phone

Phone

What is emotional Dissonance? How do you minimize emotional dissonance?

Phone

Employees have _____ , when others identify with them, like them, or otherwise respect them.

Referent Power

NewTel, Inc. NewTel is a telephone company with a policy of filling positions internally through promotions, rather than hiring from outside. Until recently, the company had a strong engineering focus and tended to promote people to senior executive positions from the engineering areas. Consequently, almost all of the company's 14 senior executives joined the company over 20 years ago as junior engineers. There is increasing pressure on NewTel to become more market and service oriented. As a result, four people were hired last year from firms to fill new senior executive positions in marketing and service departments. The external hires were necessary because current employees were not sufficiently qualified. Now, there are signs of tension among senior executives, particularly during budget deliberations where there is limited discretionary spending on new corporate activities. The four new hires have been thwarted in their attempts to have the company invest more in marketing and customer services instead of investing in technological research, and they blame the senior executives for being hardheaded. The conflict episodes are being viewed by both sides as personal attacks rather than attempts to resolve the problem.

Relationship conflict

The director of nursing is looking

Satisficing

The three main components of active listening, in order, are:

Sensing, evaluating, responding

Employees have more expert power today than a few decades ago because _________.

Society is shifting from an industrial to a knowledge-based economy.

According to expectancy theory, giving more valued rewards to employees with higher job performance mainly increases motivation by:

Strengthening the P-to-O expectancies of employees.

A task force refers to any:

Temporary team that investigates a particular problem and typically disbands when the decision is made.

The yielding conflict management style should be used if:

The issue is much less important to you than to the other party

Employees should not make the decision alone (without the manager's involvement) when:

Their goals and norms conflict with the organizations objectives

According to the competency perspective of leadership, self-concept, integrity, knowledge of the business, and emotional intelligence are important leadership competencies.

True

An organizational team is highly interdependent, but the members have different goals. Here, the organization should try to reduce the level of interdependence.

True

Attitudes represent a cluster of beliefs, motivation and feelings toward a person, object, or event.

True

Employees with very high loyalty tend to have high conformity, which results in lower creativity.

True

Grapevine is the main conduit through which organizational stories and other symbols of the organizations culture are communicated.

True

Individual preference for specific communication channels is a factor contributing to social acceptance.

True

Job Burnout is a particular stress consequence process, which has three stages.

True

Job descriptions are an example of coordination through standardization.

True

Legitimate power is created Whenever the organization assigns a supervisor with formal authority over subordinates.

True

Playing the "Face game" instead of working productively behind closed doors is a strategy for gaining increased visibility at work.

True

The MARS model identifies the four main factors that influence individual behavior: Motivation, ability, role perceptions, and situational factors.

True

The competency perspective assumes that all effective leaders have the same personal characteristics that are equally important in all situations

True

feelings of procedural injustice produce anger, which, in turn, generates either withdrawal or aggression.

True

____ are collaborative Web spaces in which anyone in a group can write, edit, or remove material from the Web site.

Wikis

a

a

Employees in engineering and marketing often disagree with each other mainly because they have unique Backgrounds, experiences, and training. The most apparent source of conflict here is:

differentiation

Departments are considered teams only when:

employees directly interact with each other and coordinate work activities

An individuals Personality:

is less evident in situations where social norms constrain behavior.

What is empowerment? What are its dimensions?

meaning, competence, determination, impact

Which third-party conflict resolution strategy manages the process and context of interaction between the disputing parties but does not impose a solution on the parties?

mediation

Flatter organizational structure:

tends to reduce overhead costs

What do impromptu storytelling, morphological analysis, and artwork have in common?

they are forms of associative play

In the Four-drive theory, the drive _____ is the drive to form social relationships and develop mutual caring commitments with others.

to bond