The Atom

1 KeV = _____________ eV

1000 eV

How many electrons fit in the M shell?

18

15) The element 11/5B has an atomic mass of a. 5 b. 6 c.11 d. 16

C

On the periodic table, elements are organized into _________ groups.

8

13) The atomic number is a. the number of protons b. the number of neutrons c. the number of protons and electrons d. the number of protons and neutrons

A

14) The element 11/5B has _____ protons in its nucleus a. 5 b. 6 c. 11 d. 16

A

19) Which of the following in NOT ionizing radiation? a. Ultrasound b. Gamma Rays c. X-rays d. Beta particles

A

20) The periodic table of the elements lists the elements in order of increasing a. atomic number b. atomic weight c. atomic neutrons d. atomic ionization

A

23) Electromagnetic radiation includes a. X-rays b. beta particles c. alpha particles d. neutrons

A

24) Ionizing radiation consists of a. Particulate radiation and electromagnetic radiation b. Particulate radiation and ultrasound radiation c. Electromagnetic radiation and ultrasound radiation d. Particulate radiation, electromagnetic radiation and ultrasound radiation

A

29. When two atoms share electrons it is called ________________. a. covalent bonding b. ionic bonding

A

33. Gamma rays are a. emitted from nucleus of a radioisotope b. produced outside the nucleus in the electron shells

A

4. The electron shell closest to the nucleus is termed the _______ shell. a. K b. L c. M d. N

A

8) Which electron shell in an atom has the highest binding energy? a. K b. L c. M d. N

A

Atomic Mass is determined by __________.

The number of neutrons and protons in an element.

Define valence

number in outermost shell of atom

Define "Isobar"

Atoms with different number of protons and neutrons but same atomic mass (P + N)

Define "Isotones"

Atoms with same number of neutrons but different number of protons

Define "Isomer"

Atoms with the same number of protons and neutrons; the same atomic mass and atomic number.

Define "Isotopes"

Atoms with the same number of protons but different number of neutrons

1) The Bohr model of the atom consists of the following: a. A dense positive nucleus surrounded by a diffuse cloud of negative charge b. A dense positive nucleus surrounded electrons in definite shells c. A dense positive nucleus surrounded by a diffuse cloud of positive charge d. A dense positive nucleus surrounded by protons in definite shells

B

11) When an electron is removed from an atom, the atom is said to be a. neutralized b. ionized c. electrified d. radioactive

B

16) The element 11/5 B has _____ neutrons in its nucleus. a. 5 b. 6 c. 11 d. 16

B

17) The binding energy of an electron to a nucleus: a. Increases with increasing distance from the nucleus b. Is higher for an L-shell electron than for an M-shell electron c. Is higher for a low-Zatom than for a high-Z atom d. IS higher for an N-shell than for an M-shell

B

18) Spontaneous emission of energy or particles from unstable nuclei a. Isotope b. Radioactivity c. Gamma ray d. Alpha particle

B

2) The nucleus of an atom contains which of the following? 1. Protons 2. Neutrons 3. Electrons 4. Gamma rays A. 1 C.2 and 3 B.1 and 2 D.1, 2, and 3

B

21) Isotopes are a. atoms with the same atomic mass but different atomic numbers b. atoms with the same atomic number but different mass numbers c. atoms with the same number of neutrons d. atoms with the same radioactivity

B

26. kilovoltage is equal to ____________volts a. 100 b. 1000 c. 10,000 d. 100,000

B

3) Nucleons consist of which of the following? 1. Protons 2. Neutrons 3. Electrons 4. Gamma rays A. 1 C.2 and 3 B.1 and 2 D.1, 2, and 3

B

30. When an atom gives up an electron to another atom it is called ______________ a. covalent bonding b. ionic bonding

B

32. X-rays are a. emitted from nucleus of a radioisotope b. produced outside the nucleus in the electron shells

B

9) The binding energy of the _____ shell in an atom is greater than that of the ____ shell. a. L; K b. L; M c. M; K d. N; L

B

22) The half-life of a radioisotope is a. the time required for half the atoms to be converted to electrons b. the time required for half the electron shells to be filled c. the time required for radioactivity to be reduced by half d. the time required for half the atoms to become radioactive

C

28. Isobarshave different number of _______ and different number of ________. a. protons, electrons b. neutrons, electrons c. protons, neutrons

C

31. X-rays and gamma rays are often called a. nucleons b. particulate radiation c. photons d. radioisotopes

C

5) The third electron shell closest to the nucleus is termed the ________ shell. a. K b. L c. M d. N

C

6) The maximum number of electrons that the O shell can contain is a. 18 b. 32 c. 50 d. 72

C

7) Which of the following pairs of atoms are isobars? a. 129I and 131I b. 131 I and 198Hg c 3H and 3H d.2H and 3H

C

10) The electron binding energy is a. the energy of attraction between electrons in the shell b. the energy required to remove the nucleus from an atom c. the energy required to remove an electron from its nucleus d. the energy required to remove an electron from its shell.

D

12) The atomic mass number of an atom is a. the number of protons b. the number of neutrons c. the number of protons and electrons d. the number of protons and neutrons

D

25) The binding energy of an electron is measured in a unit called the a. electron volt b. eV c. keV d. all of the above

D

27. Isotones have the same number of _________ but different number of __________. a. protons, neutrons b. protons, electrons c. neutrons, electrons d. neutrons, protons

D

34. X-rays and gamma exist a. at the speed of light b. 186,000 miles per second c. 3 x 108 m/s d. all of the above

D

The binding energy of electrons is ________.

Electron volt (eV)

1911 - ______________ described the center as being positively charged surrounded by the negative cloud of electrons.

Ernest Rutherford

1890 -____________ (while studying the properties of cathode rays ) Discovered that electrons were an important part of atoms

J.J. Thomson

The shell closest to the nucleus is the ______ and the furthest is the ______.

K, Q

The proton and the neutron are considered __________.

Nucleons

What determines how the element will combine with other elements or how it reacts chemically?

Number of electrons in the outermost shell.

Atomic number is determined by ____________.

Number of protons in an element

Define "Atom"

Smallest unit of matter

Ionization is defined as...

The removal or addition of an electron from an atom.